The Berkeley Earth Land/Ocean Temperature Record
<p>A global land–ocean temperature record has been created by combining the Berkeley Earth monthly land temperature field with spatially kriged version of the HadSST3 dataset. This combined product spans the period from 1850 to present and covers the majority of the Earth's surface: appro...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Earth System Science Data |
| Online Access: | https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/12/3469/2020/essd-12-3469-2020.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818438383118057472 |
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| author | R. A. Rohde Z. Hausfather Z. Hausfather |
| author_facet | R. A. Rohde Z. Hausfather Z. Hausfather |
| author_sort | R. A. Rohde |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>A global land–ocean temperature record has been created
by combining the Berkeley Earth monthly land temperature field with
spatially kriged version of the HadSST3 dataset. This combined product spans
the period from 1850 to present and covers the majority of the Earth's
surface: approximately 57 % in 1850, 75 % in 1880, 95 % in 1960, and
99.9 % by 2015. It includes average temperatures in <span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mn mathvariant="normal">1</mn><msup><mi/><mo>∘</mo></msup><mo>×</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">1</mn><msup><mi/><mo>∘</mo></msup></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="34pt" height="11pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="18e249d247dd6d35235fb683ecd82671"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="essd-12-3469-2020-ie00001.svg" width="34pt" height="11pt" src="essd-12-3469-2020-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg></span></span> lat–long grid cells for each month when available. It provides
a global mean temperature record quite similar to records from Hadley's
HadCRUT4, NASA's GISTEMP, NOAA's GlobalTemp, and Cowtan and Way and
provides a spatially complete and homogeneous temperature field. Two
versions of the record are provided, treating areas with sea ice cover as
either air temperature over sea ice or sea surface temperature under sea
ice, the former being preferred for most applications. The choice of how to
assess the temperature of areas with sea ice coverage has a notable impact
on global anomalies over past decades due to rapid warming of air
temperatures in the Arctic. Accounting for rapid warming of Arctic air
suggests <span class="inline-formula">∼</span> 0.1 <span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span>C additional global-average
temperature rise since the 19th century than temperature series that do
not capture the changes in the Arctic. Updated versions of this dataset will
be presented each month at the Berkeley Earth website
(<span class="uri">http://berkeleyearth.org/data/</span>, last access: November 2020), and a convenience copy of the version
discussed in this paper has been archived and is freely available at
<a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3634713">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3634713</a> (Rohde and Hausfather,
2020).</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T17:39:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-51d41076c64d4d38b2cd21002a372568 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1866-3508 1866-3516 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T17:39:41Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Earth System Science Data |
| spelling | doaj.art-51d41076c64d4d38b2cd21002a3725682022-12-21T22:52:53ZengCopernicus PublicationsEarth System Science Data1866-35081866-35162020-12-01123469347910.5194/essd-12-3469-2020The Berkeley Earth Land/Ocean Temperature RecordR. A. Rohde0Z. Hausfather1Z. Hausfather2Berkeley Earth, Berkeley, CA 94705, USABerkeley Earth, Berkeley, CA 94705, USABreakthrough Institute, Oakland, CA 94612, USA<p>A global land–ocean temperature record has been created by combining the Berkeley Earth monthly land temperature field with spatially kriged version of the HadSST3 dataset. This combined product spans the period from 1850 to present and covers the majority of the Earth's surface: approximately 57 % in 1850, 75 % in 1880, 95 % in 1960, and 99.9 % by 2015. It includes average temperatures in <span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mn mathvariant="normal">1</mn><msup><mi/><mo>∘</mo></msup><mo>×</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">1</mn><msup><mi/><mo>∘</mo></msup></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="34pt" height="11pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="18e249d247dd6d35235fb683ecd82671"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="essd-12-3469-2020-ie00001.svg" width="34pt" height="11pt" src="essd-12-3469-2020-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg></span></span> lat–long grid cells for each month when available. It provides a global mean temperature record quite similar to records from Hadley's HadCRUT4, NASA's GISTEMP, NOAA's GlobalTemp, and Cowtan and Way and provides a spatially complete and homogeneous temperature field. Two versions of the record are provided, treating areas with sea ice cover as either air temperature over sea ice or sea surface temperature under sea ice, the former being preferred for most applications. The choice of how to assess the temperature of areas with sea ice coverage has a notable impact on global anomalies over past decades due to rapid warming of air temperatures in the Arctic. Accounting for rapid warming of Arctic air suggests <span class="inline-formula">∼</span> 0.1 <span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span>C additional global-average temperature rise since the 19th century than temperature series that do not capture the changes in the Arctic. Updated versions of this dataset will be presented each month at the Berkeley Earth website (<span class="uri">http://berkeleyearth.org/data/</span>, last access: November 2020), and a convenience copy of the version discussed in this paper has been archived and is freely available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3634713">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3634713</a> (Rohde and Hausfather, 2020).</p>https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/12/3469/2020/essd-12-3469-2020.pdf |
| spellingShingle | R. A. Rohde Z. Hausfather Z. Hausfather The Berkeley Earth Land/Ocean Temperature Record Earth System Science Data |
| title | The Berkeley Earth Land/Ocean Temperature Record |
| title_full | The Berkeley Earth Land/Ocean Temperature Record |
| title_fullStr | The Berkeley Earth Land/Ocean Temperature Record |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Berkeley Earth Land/Ocean Temperature Record |
| title_short | The Berkeley Earth Land/Ocean Temperature Record |
| title_sort | berkeley earth land ocean temperature record |
| url | https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/12/3469/2020/essd-12-3469-2020.pdf |
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