Altered Lipid Profiles and Vaccine Induced-Humoral Responses in Children Living With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy in Tanzania
People living with HIV, even under therapy, have a high burden of age-related co-morbidities including an increased risk of dyslipidemia (which often predisposes to cardiovascular diseases) and immune-aging. In this study, lipid profiles and antibody responses to measles and pertussis toxin vaccines...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2021.721747/full |
| _version_ | 1818568616152399872 |
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| author | Wilbert Mbuya Issakwisa Mwakyula Willyelimina Olomi Peter Agrea Francesco Nicoli Cecilia Ngatunga Leodegard Mujwahuzi Paul Mwanyika Mkunde Chachage Mkunde Chachage |
| author_facet | Wilbert Mbuya Issakwisa Mwakyula Willyelimina Olomi Peter Agrea Francesco Nicoli Cecilia Ngatunga Leodegard Mujwahuzi Paul Mwanyika Mkunde Chachage Mkunde Chachage |
| author_sort | Wilbert Mbuya |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | People living with HIV, even under therapy, have a high burden of age-related co-morbidities including an increased risk of dyslipidemia (which often predisposes to cardiovascular diseases) and immune-aging. In this study, lipid profiles and antibody responses to measles and pertussis toxin vaccines were compared between ART experienced HIV+ children (n=64) aged 5-10 years, and their age- and sex-matched HIV- controls (n=47). Prevalence of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and triglyceride-driven dyslipidemia was higher among treated HIV+ children than in controls (51.6% vs 27.7% respectively, p < 0.019). In a multivariate Poisson regression model adjusted for age, sex and BMI, the association between low HDL-c, hypertriglyceridemia and HIV remained significantly high (for HDL-c: ARR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.82 – 0.96, p = 0.003; for triglycerides: ARR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.31 – 1.81, p < 0.001). Among HIV+ children, the use of lopinavir/ritonavir, a protease-based antiretroviral therapy was also associated elevation of triglyceride levels (p = 0.032). Also, HIV+ children had a 2.8-fold reduction of anti-measles IgG titers and 17.1-fold reduction of anti-pertussis toxin IgG levels when compared to HIV- children. Our findings suggest that dyslipidemia and inadequate vaccine-induced antibody responses observed in this population of young African HIV+ children might increase their risk for premature onset of cardiovascular illnesses and acquisition of preventable diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T06:37:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-51d62f4915c94322a6fe6ed4ab3f9b2a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2235-2988 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T06:37:36Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-51d62f4915c94322a6fe6ed4ab3f9b2a2022-12-21T23:13:19ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology2235-29882021-11-011110.3389/fcimb.2021.721747721747Altered Lipid Profiles and Vaccine Induced-Humoral Responses in Children Living With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy in TanzaniaWilbert Mbuya0Issakwisa Mwakyula1Willyelimina Olomi2Peter Agrea3Francesco Nicoli4Cecilia Ngatunga5Leodegard Mujwahuzi6Paul Mwanyika7Mkunde Chachage8Mkunde Chachage9National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), Mbeya Medical Research Centre (MMRC), Mbeya, TanzaniaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital and University of Dar es Salaam Mbeya College of Health and Allied Sciences, Mbeya, TanzaniaNational Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), Mbeya Medical Research Centre (MMRC), Mbeya, TanzaniaNational Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), Mbeya Medical Research Centre (MMRC), Mbeya, TanzaniaDepartment of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, ItalyDepartment of Radiology, Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital and University of Dar es Salaam Mbeya College of Health and Allied Sciences, Mbeya, TanzaniaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital and University of Dar es Salaam Mbeya College of Health and Allied Sciences, Mbeya, TanzaniaDepartment of Paediatric, Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital and University of Dar es Salaam Mbeya College of Health and Allied Sciences, Mbeya, TanzaniaNational Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), Mbeya Medical Research Centre (MMRC), Mbeya, TanzaniaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Dar es Salaam - Mbeya College of Health and Allied Sciences (UDSM-MCHAS), Mbeya, TanzaniaPeople living with HIV, even under therapy, have a high burden of age-related co-morbidities including an increased risk of dyslipidemia (which often predisposes to cardiovascular diseases) and immune-aging. In this study, lipid profiles and antibody responses to measles and pertussis toxin vaccines were compared between ART experienced HIV+ children (n=64) aged 5-10 years, and their age- and sex-matched HIV- controls (n=47). Prevalence of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and triglyceride-driven dyslipidemia was higher among treated HIV+ children than in controls (51.6% vs 27.7% respectively, p < 0.019). In a multivariate Poisson regression model adjusted for age, sex and BMI, the association between low HDL-c, hypertriglyceridemia and HIV remained significantly high (for HDL-c: ARR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.82 – 0.96, p = 0.003; for triglycerides: ARR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.31 – 1.81, p < 0.001). Among HIV+ children, the use of lopinavir/ritonavir, a protease-based antiretroviral therapy was also associated elevation of triglyceride levels (p = 0.032). Also, HIV+ children had a 2.8-fold reduction of anti-measles IgG titers and 17.1-fold reduction of anti-pertussis toxin IgG levels when compared to HIV- children. Our findings suggest that dyslipidemia and inadequate vaccine-induced antibody responses observed in this population of young African HIV+ children might increase their risk for premature onset of cardiovascular illnesses and acquisition of preventable diseases.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2021.721747/fullHIVchildrendyslipidemiacardiovascular diseaseimmune senescencechildhood vaccines |
| spellingShingle | Wilbert Mbuya Issakwisa Mwakyula Willyelimina Olomi Peter Agrea Francesco Nicoli Cecilia Ngatunga Leodegard Mujwahuzi Paul Mwanyika Mkunde Chachage Mkunde Chachage Altered Lipid Profiles and Vaccine Induced-Humoral Responses in Children Living With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy in Tanzania Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology HIV children dyslipidemia cardiovascular disease immune senescence childhood vaccines |
| title | Altered Lipid Profiles and Vaccine Induced-Humoral Responses in Children Living With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy in Tanzania |
| title_full | Altered Lipid Profiles and Vaccine Induced-Humoral Responses in Children Living With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy in Tanzania |
| title_fullStr | Altered Lipid Profiles and Vaccine Induced-Humoral Responses in Children Living With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy in Tanzania |
| title_full_unstemmed | Altered Lipid Profiles and Vaccine Induced-Humoral Responses in Children Living With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy in Tanzania |
| title_short | Altered Lipid Profiles and Vaccine Induced-Humoral Responses in Children Living With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy in Tanzania |
| title_sort | altered lipid profiles and vaccine induced humoral responses in children living with hiv on antiretroviral therapy in tanzania |
| topic | HIV children dyslipidemia cardiovascular disease immune senescence childhood vaccines |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2021.721747/full |
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