An overview of the sand fly salivary proteins in vaccine development against leishmaniases
Leishmaniases are a group of vector-borne parasitic diseases transmitted through the infected sand flies. Leishmania parasites are inoculated into the host skin along with sand fly saliva. The sand fly saliva consists of biologically active molecules with anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, and immun...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Tehran University of Medical Sciences
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Iranian Journal of Microbiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/view/3922 |
| _version_ | 1797979730369052672 |
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| author | Shima Fayaz Fariborz Bahrami Parviz Parvizi Pezhman Fard-Esfahani Soheila Ajdary |
| author_facet | Shima Fayaz Fariborz Bahrami Parviz Parvizi Pezhman Fard-Esfahani Soheila Ajdary |
| author_sort | Shima Fayaz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Leishmaniases are a group of vector-borne parasitic diseases transmitted through the infected sand flies. Leishmania parasites are inoculated into the host skin along with sand fly saliva. The sand fly saliva consists of biologically active molecules with anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. Such properties help the parasite circumvent the host's immune responses. The salivary compounds support the survival and multiplication of the parasite and facilitate the disease progression. It is documented that frequent exposure to uninfected sand fly bites produces neutralizing antibodies against specific salivary proteins and further activates the cellular mechanisms to prevent the establishment of the disease. The immune responses due to sand fly saliva are highly specific and depend on the composition of the salivary molecules. Hence, thorough knowledge of these compounds in different sand fly species and information about their antigenicity are paramount to designing an effective vaccine. Herein, we review the composition of the sand fly saliva, immunomodulatory properties of some of its components, immune responses to its proteins, and potential vaccine candidates against leishmaniases.
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| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T05:44:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-51dc848ab5bd4e409a1c725cbb80fc0a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2008-3289 2008-4447 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T05:44:27Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Tehran University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Iranian Journal of Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-51dc848ab5bd4e409a1c725cbb80fc0a2022-12-22T04:42:18ZengTehran University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Microbiology2008-32892008-44472022-12-0114610.18502/ijm.v14i6.11253An overview of the sand fly salivary proteins in vaccine development against leishmaniasesShima Fayaz0Fariborz Bahrami1Parviz Parvizi2Pezhman Fard-Esfahani3Soheila Ajdary4Department of Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, IranDepartment of Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, IranDepartment of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, IranDepartment of Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, IranDepartment of Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran Leishmaniases are a group of vector-borne parasitic diseases transmitted through the infected sand flies. Leishmania parasites are inoculated into the host skin along with sand fly saliva. The sand fly saliva consists of biologically active molecules with anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. Such properties help the parasite circumvent the host's immune responses. The salivary compounds support the survival and multiplication of the parasite and facilitate the disease progression. It is documented that frequent exposure to uninfected sand fly bites produces neutralizing antibodies against specific salivary proteins and further activates the cellular mechanisms to prevent the establishment of the disease. The immune responses due to sand fly saliva are highly specific and depend on the composition of the salivary molecules. Hence, thorough knowledge of these compounds in different sand fly species and information about their antigenicity are paramount to designing an effective vaccine. Herein, we review the composition of the sand fly saliva, immunomodulatory properties of some of its components, immune responses to its proteins, and potential vaccine candidates against leishmaniases. https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/view/3922Sand fly;Salivary proteins;Leishmania;Vaccine;Immunity |
| spellingShingle | Shima Fayaz Fariborz Bahrami Parviz Parvizi Pezhman Fard-Esfahani Soheila Ajdary An overview of the sand fly salivary proteins in vaccine development against leishmaniases Iranian Journal of Microbiology Sand fly; Salivary proteins; Leishmania; Vaccine; Immunity |
| title | An overview of the sand fly salivary proteins in vaccine development against leishmaniases |
| title_full | An overview of the sand fly salivary proteins in vaccine development against leishmaniases |
| title_fullStr | An overview of the sand fly salivary proteins in vaccine development against leishmaniases |
| title_full_unstemmed | An overview of the sand fly salivary proteins in vaccine development against leishmaniases |
| title_short | An overview of the sand fly salivary proteins in vaccine development against leishmaniases |
| title_sort | overview of the sand fly salivary proteins in vaccine development against leishmaniases |
| topic | Sand fly; Salivary proteins; Leishmania; Vaccine; Immunity |
| url | https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/view/3922 |
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