E-Taste: Taste Sensations and Flavors Based on Tongue’s Electrical and Thermal Stimulation
Taste is a key sense that helps identify different food types and most of this work was carried out on primary tastes rather than generating different flavors. In this work, we proposed a plan to create other flavors rather than primary tastes, adjusted the electrical (40–180 µA) and thermal stimula...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/13/4976 |
| _version_ | 1797408168550072320 |
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| author | Asif Ullah Yifan Liu You Wang Han Gao Hengyang Wang Jin Zhang Guang Li |
| author_facet | Asif Ullah Yifan Liu You Wang Han Gao Hengyang Wang Jin Zhang Guang Li |
| author_sort | Asif Ullah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Taste is a key sense that helps identify different food types and most of this work was carried out on primary tastes rather than generating different flavors. In this work, we proposed a plan to create other flavors rather than primary tastes, adjusted the electrical (40–180 µA) and thermal stimulation (20–38 °C and 38–20 °C), and revealed the digital coding for multi-flavors. Our results showed that different combinations of digital coding could generate different flavors and that tastes related to different stimuli are easy to develop. The novelty of this work is to design other types of flavors and primary tastes. The experimental results demonstrated that the novel method proposed for digital taste coding could realize primary tastes (sweet, sour, salty, spicy, and mint) and mixed flavors. Furthermore, some innovative sensations have been realized, which are sprite, soda water, sweet-sour, salty-sweet, and salty-mint sensations. We presume that this innovation could digitally enhance various flavors. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:54:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-51e16fa38c314d2b9b18ee27dcc9e50e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:54:19Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-51e16fa38c314d2b9b18ee27dcc9e50e2023-12-03T14:22:28ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202022-06-012213497610.3390/s22134976E-Taste: Taste Sensations and Flavors Based on Tongue’s Electrical and Thermal StimulationAsif Ullah0Yifan Liu1You Wang2Han Gao3Hengyang Wang4Jin Zhang5Guang Li6State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, College of Control Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, College of Control Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, College of Control Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, College of Control Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, College of Control Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, ChinaSchool of Computer and Communication Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, College of Control Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, ChinaTaste is a key sense that helps identify different food types and most of this work was carried out on primary tastes rather than generating different flavors. In this work, we proposed a plan to create other flavors rather than primary tastes, adjusted the electrical (40–180 µA) and thermal stimulation (20–38 °C and 38–20 °C), and revealed the digital coding for multi-flavors. Our results showed that different combinations of digital coding could generate different flavors and that tastes related to different stimuli are easy to develop. The novelty of this work is to design other types of flavors and primary tastes. The experimental results demonstrated that the novel method proposed for digital taste coding could realize primary tastes (sweet, sour, salty, spicy, and mint) and mixed flavors. Furthermore, some innovative sensations have been realized, which are sprite, soda water, sweet-sour, salty-sweet, and salty-mint sensations. We presume that this innovation could digitally enhance various flavors.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/13/4976E-tastetaste stimulationdigital flavorshuman-computer interfacevirtual reality |
| spellingShingle | Asif Ullah Yifan Liu You Wang Han Gao Hengyang Wang Jin Zhang Guang Li E-Taste: Taste Sensations and Flavors Based on Tongue’s Electrical and Thermal Stimulation Sensors E-taste taste stimulation digital flavors human-computer interface virtual reality |
| title | E-Taste: Taste Sensations and Flavors Based on Tongue’s Electrical and Thermal Stimulation |
| title_full | E-Taste: Taste Sensations and Flavors Based on Tongue’s Electrical and Thermal Stimulation |
| title_fullStr | E-Taste: Taste Sensations and Flavors Based on Tongue’s Electrical and Thermal Stimulation |
| title_full_unstemmed | E-Taste: Taste Sensations and Flavors Based on Tongue’s Electrical and Thermal Stimulation |
| title_short | E-Taste: Taste Sensations and Flavors Based on Tongue’s Electrical and Thermal Stimulation |
| title_sort | e taste taste sensations and flavors based on tongue s electrical and thermal stimulation |
| topic | E-taste taste stimulation digital flavors human-computer interface virtual reality |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/13/4976 |
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