Anti-inflammatory and cholesterol-reducing properties of apolipoprotein mimetics: a review
Reduced levels of HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) are a strong independent predictor of coronary artery disease (CAD) risk. The major anti-atherogenic function of HDL is to mediate reverse cholesterol transport. This response is highly dependent on apoA-I and apoE, protein components of HDL. Randomized clin...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2014-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Lipid Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022227520350057 |
| _version_ | 1819293804274909184 |
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| author | C. Roger White David W. Garber G.M. Anantharamaiah |
| author_facet | C. Roger White David W. Garber G.M. Anantharamaiah |
| author_sort | C. Roger White |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Reduced levels of HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) are a strong independent predictor of coronary artery disease (CAD) risk. The major anti-atherogenic function of HDL is to mediate reverse cholesterol transport. This response is highly dependent on apoA-I and apoE, protein components of HDL. Randomized clinical trials have assessed effects of several classes of drugs on plasma cholesterol levels in CAD patients. Agents including cholestyramine, fibrates, niacin, and statins significantly lower LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) and induce modest increases in HDL-C, but tolerance issues and undesirable side effects are common. Additionally, residual risk may be present in patients with persistently low HDL-C and other complications despite a reduction in LDL-C. These observations have fueled interest in the development of new pharmacotherapies that positively impact circulating lipoproteins. The goal of this review is to discuss the therapeutic potential of synthetic apolipoprotein mimetic peptides. These include apoA-I mimetic peptides that have undergone initial clinical assessment. We also discuss newer apoE mimetics that mediate the clearance of atherogenic lipids from the circulation and possess anti-inflammatory properties. One of these (AEM-28) has recently been given orphan drug status and is undergoing clinical trials. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-24T04:16:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-51e43cbecff94a7a80d75fc376f8c80f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0022-2275 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-24T04:16:15Z |
| publishDate | 2014-10-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Lipid Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-51e43cbecff94a7a80d75fc376f8c80f2022-12-21T17:15:56ZengElsevierJournal of Lipid Research0022-22752014-10-01551020072021Anti-inflammatory and cholesterol-reducing properties of apolipoprotein mimetics: a reviewC. Roger White0David W. Garber1G.M. Anantharamaiah2Department of Medicine, Divisions of Cardiovascular Disease, Gerontology, Geriatric Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, ALPalliative Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, ALTo whom correspondence should be addressed; Palliative Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; To whom correspondence should be addressedReduced levels of HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) are a strong independent predictor of coronary artery disease (CAD) risk. The major anti-atherogenic function of HDL is to mediate reverse cholesterol transport. This response is highly dependent on apoA-I and apoE, protein components of HDL. Randomized clinical trials have assessed effects of several classes of drugs on plasma cholesterol levels in CAD patients. Agents including cholestyramine, fibrates, niacin, and statins significantly lower LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) and induce modest increases in HDL-C, but tolerance issues and undesirable side effects are common. Additionally, residual risk may be present in patients with persistently low HDL-C and other complications despite a reduction in LDL-C. These observations have fueled interest in the development of new pharmacotherapies that positively impact circulating lipoproteins. The goal of this review is to discuss the therapeutic potential of synthetic apolipoprotein mimetic peptides. These include apoA-I mimetic peptides that have undergone initial clinical assessment. We also discuss newer apoE mimetics that mediate the clearance of atherogenic lipids from the circulation and possess anti-inflammatory properties. One of these (AEM-28) has recently been given orphan drug status and is undergoing clinical trials.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022227520350057apolipoprotein Eapolipoprotein A-Ihigh density lipoproteinlow density lipoproteinmimetic peptidesatherosclerosis |
| spellingShingle | C. Roger White David W. Garber G.M. Anantharamaiah Anti-inflammatory and cholesterol-reducing properties of apolipoprotein mimetics: a review Journal of Lipid Research apolipoprotein E apolipoprotein A-I high density lipoprotein low density lipoprotein mimetic peptides atherosclerosis |
| title | Anti-inflammatory and cholesterol-reducing properties of apolipoprotein mimetics: a review |
| title_full | Anti-inflammatory and cholesterol-reducing properties of apolipoprotein mimetics: a review |
| title_fullStr | Anti-inflammatory and cholesterol-reducing properties of apolipoprotein mimetics: a review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anti-inflammatory and cholesterol-reducing properties of apolipoprotein mimetics: a review |
| title_short | Anti-inflammatory and cholesterol-reducing properties of apolipoprotein mimetics: a review |
| title_sort | anti inflammatory and cholesterol reducing properties of apolipoprotein mimetics a review |
| topic | apolipoprotein E apolipoprotein A-I high density lipoprotein low density lipoprotein mimetic peptides atherosclerosis |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022227520350057 |
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