Seasonal change of multifrequency backscatter in three Baltic Sea habitats
This study investigated the seasonality of acoustic backscatter intensities, exploring three habitats in the southwestern Baltic Sea: 1) a mussel-covered reef, 2) coarse sand and gravel, and 3) seagrass meadows. Backscatter information of different, partly calibrated frequencies (200, 400, 550, and...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frsen.2022.956994/full |
| _version_ | 1828074351104098304 |
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| author | Inken Schulze Mayya Gogina Mischa Schönke Michael L. Zettler Peter Feldens |
| author_facet | Inken Schulze Mayya Gogina Mischa Schönke Michael L. Zettler Peter Feldens |
| author_sort | Inken Schulze |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study investigated the seasonality of acoustic backscatter intensities, exploring three habitats in the southwestern Baltic Sea: 1) a mussel-covered reef, 2) coarse sand and gravel, and 3) seagrass meadows. Backscatter information of different, partly calibrated frequencies (200, 400, 550, and 700 kHz) was collected in three seasons (May, August, and October). The acoustic data were supported by point samples and video profiles for grain size and benthic community analysis. Angular response curves helped to quantify the seasonal backscatter response of the different frequencies. The multifrequency and multiseasonal backscatter maps distinguish the three habitats and reveal variable seasonal differences in acoustic backscatter, but not all changes in the benthic community can be recognized in the acoustic data. 1) The high-backscatter response of the mussel-covered reef shows little seasonal differences and was frequency independent. 2) The ecologically valuable coarse sand and gravel areas show small-scale seasonal alterations in the sediment composition and morphology, mainly caused by changes in local hydrodynamics. Higher frequencies were found best suited to identify coarse sand and gravel. 3) Seagrass meadows seasonality is dominated by growth of seagrass blades, increasing the backscatter response compared to bare sand. The use of multiple frequencies is beneficial as the low frequency is sensitive to changes in the shallow subsurface and benthic features such as seagrass rhizomes, while the higher frequency highlights changes related to coarser sediment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T01:42:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-51e6399b476848a0920bde79f3b5f2b7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-6187 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T01:42:15Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-51e6399b476848a0920bde79f3b5f2b72023-01-03T08:19:09ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Remote Sensing2673-61872022-08-01310.3389/frsen.2022.956994956994Seasonal change of multifrequency backscatter in three Baltic Sea habitatsInken SchulzeMayya GoginaMischa SchönkeMichael L. ZettlerPeter Feldens This study investigated the seasonality of acoustic backscatter intensities, exploring three habitats in the southwestern Baltic Sea: 1) a mussel-covered reef, 2) coarse sand and gravel, and 3) seagrass meadows. Backscatter information of different, partly calibrated frequencies (200, 400, 550, and 700 kHz) was collected in three seasons (May, August, and October). The acoustic data were supported by point samples and video profiles for grain size and benthic community analysis. Angular response curves helped to quantify the seasonal backscatter response of the different frequencies. The multifrequency and multiseasonal backscatter maps distinguish the three habitats and reveal variable seasonal differences in acoustic backscatter, but not all changes in the benthic community can be recognized in the acoustic data. 1) The high-backscatter response of the mussel-covered reef shows little seasonal differences and was frequency independent. 2) The ecologically valuable coarse sand and gravel areas show small-scale seasonal alterations in the sediment composition and morphology, mainly caused by changes in local hydrodynamics. Higher frequencies were found best suited to identify coarse sand and gravel. 3) Seagrass meadows seasonality is dominated by growth of seagrass blades, increasing the backscatter response compared to bare sand. The use of multiple frequencies is beneficial as the low frequency is sensitive to changes in the shallow subsurface and benthic features such as seagrass rhizomes, while the higher frequency highlights changes related to coarser sediment.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frsen.2022.956994/fullhabitat mappingmultibeam echosounderbackscatterangular response curvesmultifrequencyBaltic Sea |
| spellingShingle | Inken Schulze Mayya Gogina Mischa Schönke Michael L. Zettler Peter Feldens Seasonal change of multifrequency backscatter in three Baltic Sea habitats Frontiers in Remote Sensing habitat mapping multibeam echosounder backscatter angular response curves multifrequency Baltic Sea |
| title | Seasonal change of multifrequency backscatter in three Baltic Sea habitats |
| title_full | Seasonal change of multifrequency backscatter in three Baltic Sea habitats |
| title_fullStr | Seasonal change of multifrequency backscatter in three Baltic Sea habitats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Seasonal change of multifrequency backscatter in three Baltic Sea habitats |
| title_short | Seasonal change of multifrequency backscatter in three Baltic Sea habitats |
| title_sort | seasonal change of multifrequency backscatter in three baltic sea habitats |
| topic | habitat mapping multibeam echosounder backscatter angular response curves multifrequency Baltic Sea |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frsen.2022.956994/full |
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