Early Onset Dystonia: Complaints about Executive Functioning, Depression and Anxiety
Early Onset Dystonia (EOD) is thought to result from basal ganglia dysfunction, structures also involved in non-motor functions, like regulation of behavior, mood and anxiety. Problems in these domains have been found in proxy-reports but not yet in self-reports of EOD patients. The main questions a...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Brain Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/13/2/236 |
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| author | Maraike A. Coenen Hendriekje Eggink A. M. Madelein van der Stouwe Jacoba M. Spikman Marina A. J. Tijssen |
| author_facet | Maraike A. Coenen Hendriekje Eggink A. M. Madelein van der Stouwe Jacoba M. Spikman Marina A. J. Tijssen |
| author_sort | Maraike A. Coenen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Early Onset Dystonia (EOD) is thought to result from basal ganglia dysfunction, structures also involved in non-motor functions, like regulation of behavior, mood and anxiety. Problems in these domains have been found in proxy-reports but not yet in self-reports of EOD patients. The main questions are whether proxy-reports differ from those of patients and how problems relate to everyday social functioning. Subjective complaints about executive problems (BRIEF) and symptoms of depression and anxiety (CBCL) were obtained through a cross-sectional questionnaire study conducted on 45 EOD patients. Scores were in the normal range in patients and proxies. Proxy-rated behavior regulation was correlated with the estimated number of friends and quality of relations. Proxy-reported scores of depression correlated with the quality of relations and were higher than self-reports of adolescent/young adult patients. EOD patients and proxies do not seem to experience problematic regulation of behavior, mood and anxiety. Still, our study revealed two important aspects: (1) all measures were related to the estimated quality of relations with others, relating questionnaires to everyday social functioning; (2) proxies reported more symptoms of depression than patients. This may indicate overestimation by proxies or higher sensitivity of proxies to these symptoms, implying underestimation of problems by patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:04:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-51ed88d72253465eb7e3b06fb620a21d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:04:54Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Brain Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-51ed88d72253465eb7e3b06fb620a21d2023-11-16T19:28:09ZengMDPI AGBrain Sciences2076-34252023-01-0113223610.3390/brainsci13020236Early Onset Dystonia: Complaints about Executive Functioning, Depression and AnxietyMaraike A. Coenen0Hendriekje Eggink1A. M. Madelein van der Stouwe2Jacoba M. Spikman3Marina A. J. Tijssen4Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 GZ Groningen, The NetherlandsDepartment of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 GZ Groningen, The NetherlandsDepartment of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 GZ Groningen, The NetherlandsDepartment of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 GZ Groningen, The NetherlandsDepartment of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 GZ Groningen, The NetherlandsEarly Onset Dystonia (EOD) is thought to result from basal ganglia dysfunction, structures also involved in non-motor functions, like regulation of behavior, mood and anxiety. Problems in these domains have been found in proxy-reports but not yet in self-reports of EOD patients. The main questions are whether proxy-reports differ from those of patients and how problems relate to everyday social functioning. Subjective complaints about executive problems (BRIEF) and symptoms of depression and anxiety (CBCL) were obtained through a cross-sectional questionnaire study conducted on 45 EOD patients. Scores were in the normal range in patients and proxies. Proxy-rated behavior regulation was correlated with the estimated number of friends and quality of relations. Proxy-reported scores of depression correlated with the quality of relations and were higher than self-reports of adolescent/young adult patients. EOD patients and proxies do not seem to experience problematic regulation of behavior, mood and anxiety. Still, our study revealed two important aspects: (1) all measures were related to the estimated quality of relations with others, relating questionnaires to everyday social functioning; (2) proxies reported more symptoms of depression than patients. This may indicate overestimation by proxies or higher sensitivity of proxies to these symptoms, implying underestimation of problems by patients.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/13/2/236early onset dystoniabehavior regulationanxietydepressionsocial functioning |
| spellingShingle | Maraike A. Coenen Hendriekje Eggink A. M. Madelein van der Stouwe Jacoba M. Spikman Marina A. J. Tijssen Early Onset Dystonia: Complaints about Executive Functioning, Depression and Anxiety Brain Sciences early onset dystonia behavior regulation anxiety depression social functioning |
| title | Early Onset Dystonia: Complaints about Executive Functioning, Depression and Anxiety |
| title_full | Early Onset Dystonia: Complaints about Executive Functioning, Depression and Anxiety |
| title_fullStr | Early Onset Dystonia: Complaints about Executive Functioning, Depression and Anxiety |
| title_full_unstemmed | Early Onset Dystonia: Complaints about Executive Functioning, Depression and Anxiety |
| title_short | Early Onset Dystonia: Complaints about Executive Functioning, Depression and Anxiety |
| title_sort | early onset dystonia complaints about executive functioning depression and anxiety |
| topic | early onset dystonia behavior regulation anxiety depression social functioning |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/13/2/236 |
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