Diabetes Results in Structural Alteration of Chondroitin Sulfate in the Urine
Purpose. The assessment of the clinical significance of chondroitin sulfate in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and diabetic nephropathy (DN) for the detection of the relationship between chondroitin sulfate (CS) structure and disease. Methods. Healthy control (n=15), type 2 diabetic pa...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2013-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences |
| Online Access: | https://journals.library.ualberta.ca/jpps/index.php/JPPS/article/view/19447 |
| _version_ | 1797728332568068096 |
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| author | Tingting Zhao Xiaoguang Lu Neal M Davies Yuewen Gong Jingzhen Guo Haojun Zhang Zhiguo Li Jing Hong Guixiang Fu Ping Li |
| author_facet | Tingting Zhao Xiaoguang Lu Neal M Davies Yuewen Gong Jingzhen Guo Haojun Zhang Zhiguo Li Jing Hong Guixiang Fu Ping Li |
| author_sort | Tingting Zhao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Purpose. The assessment of the clinical significance of chondroitin sulfate in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and diabetic nephropathy (DN) for the detection of the relationship between chondroitin sulfate (CS) structure and disease. Methods. Healthy control (n=15), type 2 diabetic patients with normalbuminuria (n=12), and patients with microalbuminuria (n=13) were enrolled in the study. Total sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) concentration in the first morning urine was evaluated by 1,9-dimethylmethylene blue method and the composition was determined by agarose gel electrophoresis. Urinary chondroitin sulfate was quantified by a combination of treatment with specific lyase digestions and separation of products by SAX-HPLC. Results: GAGs concentration significantly increased in diabetic patients with microalbuminuria compared to diabetic patients with normalbuminuria. Qualitative analysis of urinary GAGs revealed the presence of chondroitin sulfate, heparan sulfate, and low-sulphated chondroitin sulphate-protein complex (LSC-PG). There was a decrease in CS and an increase in LSC-PG in the urine of patients with diabetes compared to healthy controls. Moreover, in diabetic patients, chondroitin sulfate contains more 6-sulfated disaccharide and less 4-sulfated disaccharide. There was a statistically significant difference in ratio of 6-sulfated disaccharide to 4-sulfated disaccharide among the three groups. Conclusions: GAGs were significantly increased in diabetic patients with microalbuminuria. The levels of urinary GAGs, ratio of LSC-PG/CS, as well as ratio of 6-sulfated to 4-sulfated disaccharides could be useful markers for diagnosis of patients with diabetic nephropathy.
This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T11:12:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-51f368639cad43d9a35a4b6e6378aaae |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1482-1826 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T11:12:31Z |
| publishDate | 2013-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-51f368639cad43d9a35a4b6e6378aaae2023-09-02T02:37:23ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences1482-18262013-07-0116310.18433/J3GS3CDiabetes Results in Structural Alteration of Chondroitin Sulfate in the UrineTingting Zhao0Xiaoguang Lu1Neal M Davies2Yuewen Gong3Jingzhen Guo4Haojun Zhang5Zhiguo Li6Jing Hong7Guixiang Fu8Ping Li9Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.Purpose. The assessment of the clinical significance of chondroitin sulfate in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and diabetic nephropathy (DN) for the detection of the relationship between chondroitin sulfate (CS) structure and disease. Methods. Healthy control (n=15), type 2 diabetic patients with normalbuminuria (n=12), and patients with microalbuminuria (n=13) were enrolled in the study. Total sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) concentration in the first morning urine was evaluated by 1,9-dimethylmethylene blue method and the composition was determined by agarose gel electrophoresis. Urinary chondroitin sulfate was quantified by a combination of treatment with specific lyase digestions and separation of products by SAX-HPLC. Results: GAGs concentration significantly increased in diabetic patients with microalbuminuria compared to diabetic patients with normalbuminuria. Qualitative analysis of urinary GAGs revealed the presence of chondroitin sulfate, heparan sulfate, and low-sulphated chondroitin sulphate-protein complex (LSC-PG). There was a decrease in CS and an increase in LSC-PG in the urine of patients with diabetes compared to healthy controls. Moreover, in diabetic patients, chondroitin sulfate contains more 6-sulfated disaccharide and less 4-sulfated disaccharide. There was a statistically significant difference in ratio of 6-sulfated disaccharide to 4-sulfated disaccharide among the three groups. Conclusions: GAGs were significantly increased in diabetic patients with microalbuminuria. The levels of urinary GAGs, ratio of LSC-PG/CS, as well as ratio of 6-sulfated to 4-sulfated disaccharides could be useful markers for diagnosis of patients with diabetic nephropathy. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.https://journals.library.ualberta.ca/jpps/index.php/JPPS/article/view/19447 |
| spellingShingle | Tingting Zhao Xiaoguang Lu Neal M Davies Yuewen Gong Jingzhen Guo Haojun Zhang Zhiguo Li Jing Hong Guixiang Fu Ping Li Diabetes Results in Structural Alteration of Chondroitin Sulfate in the Urine Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences |
| title | Diabetes Results in Structural Alteration of Chondroitin Sulfate in the Urine |
| title_full | Diabetes Results in Structural Alteration of Chondroitin Sulfate in the Urine |
| title_fullStr | Diabetes Results in Structural Alteration of Chondroitin Sulfate in the Urine |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diabetes Results in Structural Alteration of Chondroitin Sulfate in the Urine |
| title_short | Diabetes Results in Structural Alteration of Chondroitin Sulfate in the Urine |
| title_sort | diabetes results in structural alteration of chondroitin sulfate in the urine |
| url | https://journals.library.ualberta.ca/jpps/index.php/JPPS/article/view/19447 |
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