Endemic Paragonimus kellicotti infections in animals and humans in USA and Canada: Review and personal perspective
Infections with the lung fluke, Paragonimus kellicotti, have been diagnosed in a variety of domestic and wild animals and humans in USA and Canada. Although there are many species of Paragonimus in other parts of the world; P. kellicotti is the only species definitively diagnosed in USA and Canada....
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2023-03-01
|
| Series: | Food and Waterborne Parasitology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405676622000415 |
| _version_ | 1797870515031900160 |
|---|---|
| author | J.P. Dubey |
| author_facet | J.P. Dubey |
| author_sort | J.P. Dubey |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Infections with the lung fluke, Paragonimus kellicotti, have been diagnosed in a variety of domestic and wild animals and humans in USA and Canada. Although there are many species of Paragonimus in other parts of the world; P. kellicotti is the only species definitively diagnosed in USA and Canada. Fresh water snails (several species) and crayfish (mainly Orconectes spp.) are its intermediate hosts. Humans and animals become infected with P. kellicotti only by ingesting metacercariae encysted in the heart of crayfish. After ingestion, the fluke penetrates intestinal wall, enters peritoneal cavity, and reaches pleural cavity by direct penetration of diaphragm, 2–3 weeks post inoculation (p.i.). Young flukes penetrate lungs and become encysted in pulmonary tissue, often in pairs. Time to maturity is around 4–7 weeks p.i. Eggs are coughed up, swallowed, and are excreted in feces. Although the parasite has been known for more than a century, there has been an upsurge of human infections in the USA. Here, I review P. kellicotti infections in naturally infected hosts. Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment in parasite-free cats and dogs experimentally infected P. kellicotti are reviewed to shed light on the pathogenesis of human paragonimiasis. Problems and challenges facing diagnosis of paragonimiasis, especially non-pulmonary infections, are discussed. Fluke stages are deposited in Smithsonian Museum. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T00:29:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-51f3e93f46d54c4db58b0a2f17a21c15 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2405-6766 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T00:29:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Food and Waterborne Parasitology |
| spelling | doaj.art-51f3e93f46d54c4db58b0a2f17a21c152023-03-15T04:28:43ZengElsevierFood and Waterborne Parasitology2405-67662023-03-0130e00184Endemic Paragonimus kellicotti infections in animals and humans in USA and Canada: Review and personal perspectiveJ.P. Dubey0Corresponding author.; United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Building 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350, USAInfections with the lung fluke, Paragonimus kellicotti, have been diagnosed in a variety of domestic and wild animals and humans in USA and Canada. Although there are many species of Paragonimus in other parts of the world; P. kellicotti is the only species definitively diagnosed in USA and Canada. Fresh water snails (several species) and crayfish (mainly Orconectes spp.) are its intermediate hosts. Humans and animals become infected with P. kellicotti only by ingesting metacercariae encysted in the heart of crayfish. After ingestion, the fluke penetrates intestinal wall, enters peritoneal cavity, and reaches pleural cavity by direct penetration of diaphragm, 2–3 weeks post inoculation (p.i.). Young flukes penetrate lungs and become encysted in pulmonary tissue, often in pairs. Time to maturity is around 4–7 weeks p.i. Eggs are coughed up, swallowed, and are excreted in feces. Although the parasite has been known for more than a century, there has been an upsurge of human infections in the USA. Here, I review P. kellicotti infections in naturally infected hosts. Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment in parasite-free cats and dogs experimentally infected P. kellicotti are reviewed to shed light on the pathogenesis of human paragonimiasis. Problems and challenges facing diagnosis of paragonimiasis, especially non-pulmonary infections, are discussed. Fluke stages are deposited in Smithsonian Museum.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405676622000415Paragonimus kellicottiLife cycleDiagnosisAnimalsHumansEpidemiology |
| spellingShingle | J.P. Dubey Endemic Paragonimus kellicotti infections in animals and humans in USA and Canada: Review and personal perspective Food and Waterborne Parasitology Paragonimus kellicotti Life cycle Diagnosis Animals Humans Epidemiology |
| title | Endemic Paragonimus kellicotti infections in animals and humans in USA and Canada: Review and personal perspective |
| title_full | Endemic Paragonimus kellicotti infections in animals and humans in USA and Canada: Review and personal perspective |
| title_fullStr | Endemic Paragonimus kellicotti infections in animals and humans in USA and Canada: Review and personal perspective |
| title_full_unstemmed | Endemic Paragonimus kellicotti infections in animals and humans in USA and Canada: Review and personal perspective |
| title_short | Endemic Paragonimus kellicotti infections in animals and humans in USA and Canada: Review and personal perspective |
| title_sort | endemic paragonimus kellicotti infections in animals and humans in usa and canada review and personal perspective |
| topic | Paragonimus kellicotti Life cycle Diagnosis Animals Humans Epidemiology |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405676622000415 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jpdubey endemicparagonimuskellicottiinfectionsinanimalsandhumansinusaandcanadareviewandpersonalperspective |