Stepping inside the realm of epigenetic modifiers
The ability to regulate gene expression in response to environmental alterations is vital for the endurance of all cells. However, unlike bacteria and unicellular organisms, cells of multicellular eukaryotes have developed this competency in a highly sophisticated manner, which ultimately allows for...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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De Gruyter
2015-04-01
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| Series: | Biomolecular Concepts |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1515/bmc-2015-0008 |
| _version_ | 1818587375202205696 |
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| author | Blum Roy |
| author_facet | Blum Roy |
| author_sort | Blum Roy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The ability to regulate gene expression in response to environmental alterations is vital for the endurance of all cells. However, unlike bacteria and unicellular organisms, cells of multicellular eukaryotes have developed this competency in a highly sophisticated manner, which ultimately allows for multiple lineages of differentiated cells. To maintain stability and generate progeny, differentiated cells must remain lineage-committed through numerous cell generations, and therefore their transcriptional modus operandi ought to be memorized and transmittable. To preserve the specialized characteristics of differentiated cells, it is crucial that transcriptional alterations that are triggered by specific external or intrinsic stimuli can last also after stimuli fading and propagate onto daughter cells. The unique composition of DNA and histones, and their ability to acquire a variety of epigenetic modifications, enables eukaryotic chromatin to assimilate cellular plasticity and molecular memory. The most well-studied types of epigenetic modifiers are covalently modifying DNA or histones, mostly in a reversible manner. Additional epigenetic mechanisms include histone variant replacement, energy-utilizing remodeling factors, and noncoding transcripts assembled with modifying complexes. Working with multifunctional complexes including transcription factors, epigenetic modifiers have the potential to dictate a variety of transcriptional programs underlying all cellular lineages, while utilizing in each the same source DNA as their substrates. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T09:07:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-51fa6714d10645d0a7f466cdca1befda |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1868-5021 1868-503X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T09:07:51Z |
| publishDate | 2015-04-01 |
| publisher | De Gruyter |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecular Concepts |
| spelling | doaj.art-51fa6714d10645d0a7f466cdca1befda2022-12-21T22:37:03ZengDe GruyterBiomolecular Concepts1868-50211868-503X2015-04-016211913610.1515/bmc-2015-0008Stepping inside the realm of epigenetic modifiersBlum Roy0Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, Smilow Research Center, New York University Langone School of Medicine, 522 1st Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USAThe ability to regulate gene expression in response to environmental alterations is vital for the endurance of all cells. However, unlike bacteria and unicellular organisms, cells of multicellular eukaryotes have developed this competency in a highly sophisticated manner, which ultimately allows for multiple lineages of differentiated cells. To maintain stability and generate progeny, differentiated cells must remain lineage-committed through numerous cell generations, and therefore their transcriptional modus operandi ought to be memorized and transmittable. To preserve the specialized characteristics of differentiated cells, it is crucial that transcriptional alterations that are triggered by specific external or intrinsic stimuli can last also after stimuli fading and propagate onto daughter cells. The unique composition of DNA and histones, and their ability to acquire a variety of epigenetic modifications, enables eukaryotic chromatin to assimilate cellular plasticity and molecular memory. The most well-studied types of epigenetic modifiers are covalently modifying DNA or histones, mostly in a reversible manner. Additional epigenetic mechanisms include histone variant replacement, energy-utilizing remodeling factors, and noncoding transcripts assembled with modifying complexes. Working with multifunctional complexes including transcription factors, epigenetic modifiers have the potential to dictate a variety of transcriptional programs underlying all cellular lineages, while utilizing in each the same source DNA as their substrates.https://doi.org/10.1515/bmc-2015-0008chromatinchromatin modifiersdnaepigeneticshistone |
| spellingShingle | Blum Roy Stepping inside the realm of epigenetic modifiers Biomolecular Concepts chromatin chromatin modifiers dna epigenetics histone |
| title | Stepping inside the realm of epigenetic modifiers |
| title_full | Stepping inside the realm of epigenetic modifiers |
| title_fullStr | Stepping inside the realm of epigenetic modifiers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Stepping inside the realm of epigenetic modifiers |
| title_short | Stepping inside the realm of epigenetic modifiers |
| title_sort | stepping inside the realm of epigenetic modifiers |
| topic | chromatin chromatin modifiers dna epigenetics histone |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1515/bmc-2015-0008 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT blumroy steppinginsidetherealmofepigeneticmodifiers |