Role of Intestinal Bitter Sensing in Enteroendocrine Hormone Secretion and Metabolic Control
The gastrointestinal tract stores ingested nutrients in the stomach which are then delivered to the small intestine at a controlled rate to optimize their digestion and absorption. The interaction of nutrients with the small and large intestine generates feedback that slows gastric emptying, induces...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fendo.2018.00576/full |
| _version_ | 1818317132750913536 |
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| author | Cong Xie Xuyi Wang Xuyi Wang Richard L. Young Richard L. Young Michael Horowitz Christopher K. Rayner Tongzhi Wu Tongzhi Wu |
| author_facet | Cong Xie Xuyi Wang Xuyi Wang Richard L. Young Richard L. Young Michael Horowitz Christopher K. Rayner Tongzhi Wu Tongzhi Wu |
| author_sort | Cong Xie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The gastrointestinal tract stores ingested nutrients in the stomach which are then delivered to the small intestine at a controlled rate to optimize their digestion and absorption. The interaction of nutrients with the small and large intestine generates feedback that slows gastric emptying, induces satiation, and reduces postprandial glycemic excursions. The mechanisms underlying these nutrient-gut interactions are complex; it has only recently been appreciated that the gut has the capacity to detect intraluminal contents in much the same way as the tongue, via activation of specific G-protein-coupled receptors, and that ensuing signaling mechanisms modulate the release of an array of gut hormones that influence gastrointestinal motility, appetite and glycemia. Interestingly, evidence from preclinical models supports a functional link between intestinal bitter taste receptor (BTRs) and gastrointestinal hormone secretion, and the outcomes of recent studies indicate that stimulation of intestinal BTRs may be used to modulate gastrointestinal function, to diminish energy intake and limit postprandial blood glucose excursions in humans. This review summarizes current evidence about the expression and function of intestinal BTRs in relation to enteroendocrine hormone release and discusses the clinical implications of this pathway for the management of obesity and type 2 diabetes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T09:32:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-51fb00b8f31549239136d0c6dbfca589 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2392 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T09:32:28Z |
| publishDate | 2018-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj.art-51fb00b8f31549239136d0c6dbfca5892022-12-21T23:52:27ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922018-09-01910.3389/fendo.2018.00576410918Role of Intestinal Bitter Sensing in Enteroendocrine Hormone Secretion and Metabolic ControlCong Xie0Xuyi Wang1Xuyi Wang2Richard L. Young3Richard L. Young4Michael Horowitz5Christopher K. Rayner6Tongzhi Wu7Tongzhi Wu8Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, AustraliaCentre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, AustraliaInstitute of Diabetes, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, ChinaCentre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, AustraliaNutrition and Metabolism, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, AustraliaCentre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, AustraliaCentre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, AustraliaCentre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, AustraliaInstitute of Diabetes, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, ChinaThe gastrointestinal tract stores ingested nutrients in the stomach which are then delivered to the small intestine at a controlled rate to optimize their digestion and absorption. The interaction of nutrients with the small and large intestine generates feedback that slows gastric emptying, induces satiation, and reduces postprandial glycemic excursions. The mechanisms underlying these nutrient-gut interactions are complex; it has only recently been appreciated that the gut has the capacity to detect intraluminal contents in much the same way as the tongue, via activation of specific G-protein-coupled receptors, and that ensuing signaling mechanisms modulate the release of an array of gut hormones that influence gastrointestinal motility, appetite and glycemia. Interestingly, evidence from preclinical models supports a functional link between intestinal bitter taste receptor (BTRs) and gastrointestinal hormone secretion, and the outcomes of recent studies indicate that stimulation of intestinal BTRs may be used to modulate gastrointestinal function, to diminish energy intake and limit postprandial blood glucose excursions in humans. This review summarizes current evidence about the expression and function of intestinal BTRs in relation to enteroendocrine hormone release and discusses the clinical implications of this pathway for the management of obesity and type 2 diabetes.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fendo.2018.00576/fullbitter taste receptorsgut hormonesenteroendocrine cellsenergy intakeblood glucoseobesity |
| spellingShingle | Cong Xie Xuyi Wang Xuyi Wang Richard L. Young Richard L. Young Michael Horowitz Christopher K. Rayner Tongzhi Wu Tongzhi Wu Role of Intestinal Bitter Sensing in Enteroendocrine Hormone Secretion and Metabolic Control Frontiers in Endocrinology bitter taste receptors gut hormones enteroendocrine cells energy intake blood glucose obesity |
| title | Role of Intestinal Bitter Sensing in Enteroendocrine Hormone Secretion and Metabolic Control |
| title_full | Role of Intestinal Bitter Sensing in Enteroendocrine Hormone Secretion and Metabolic Control |
| title_fullStr | Role of Intestinal Bitter Sensing in Enteroendocrine Hormone Secretion and Metabolic Control |
| title_full_unstemmed | Role of Intestinal Bitter Sensing in Enteroendocrine Hormone Secretion and Metabolic Control |
| title_short | Role of Intestinal Bitter Sensing in Enteroendocrine Hormone Secretion and Metabolic Control |
| title_sort | role of intestinal bitter sensing in enteroendocrine hormone secretion and metabolic control |
| topic | bitter taste receptors gut hormones enteroendocrine cells energy intake blood glucose obesity |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fendo.2018.00576/full |
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