A Search for Technosignatures Around 11,680 Stars with the Green Bank Telescope at 1.15–1.73 GHz
We conducted a search for narrowband radio signals over four observing sessions in 2020–2023 with the L -band receiver (1.15–1.73 GHz) of the 100 m diameter Green Bank Telescope. We pointed the telescope in the directions of 62 TESS Objects of Interest, capturing radio emissions from a total of ∼11,...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
IOP Publishing
2023-01-01
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| Series: | The Astronomical Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/acfda4 |
| _version_ | 1797654555346862080 |
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| author | Jean-Luc Margot Megan G. Li Pavlo Pinchuk Nathan Myhrvold Larry Lesyna Lea E. Alcantara Megan T. Andrakin Jeth Arunseangroj Damien S. Baclet Madison H. Belk Zerxes R. Bhadha Nicholas W. Brandis Robert E. Carey Harrison P. Cassar Sai S. Chava Calvin Chen James Chen Kellen T. Cheng Alessia Cimbri Benjamin Cloutier Jordan A. Combitsis Kelly L. Couvrette Brandon P. Coy Kyle W. Davis Antoine F. Delcayre Michelle R. Du Sarah E. Feil Danning Fu Travis J. Gilmore Emery Grahill-Bland Laura M. Iglesias Zoe Juneau Anthony G. Karapetian George Karfakis Christopher T. Lambert Eric A. Lazbin Jian H. Li Zhuofu (Chester) Li Nicholas M. Liskij Anthony V. Lopilato Darren J. Lu Detao Ma Vedant Mathur Mary H. Minasyan Maxwell K. Muller Mark T. Nasielski Janice T. Nguyen Lorraine M. Nicholson Samantha Niemoeller Divij Ohri Atharva U. Padhye Supreethi V. Penmetcha Yugantar Prakash Xinyi (Cindy) Qi Liam Rindt Vedant Sahu Joshua A. Scally Zefyr Scott Trevor J. Seddon Lara-Lynn V. Shohet Anchal Sinha Anthony E. Sinigiani Jiuxu Song Spencer M. Stice Nadine M. Tabucol Andria Uplisashvili Krishna Vanga Amaury G. Vazquez George Vetushko Valeria Villa Maria Vincent Ian J. Waasdorp Ian B. Wagaman Amanda Wang Jade C. Wight Ella Wong Natsuko Yamaguchi Zijin Zhang Junyang Zhao Ryan S. Lynch |
| author_facet | Jean-Luc Margot Megan G. Li Pavlo Pinchuk Nathan Myhrvold Larry Lesyna Lea E. Alcantara Megan T. Andrakin Jeth Arunseangroj Damien S. Baclet Madison H. Belk Zerxes R. Bhadha Nicholas W. Brandis Robert E. Carey Harrison P. Cassar Sai S. Chava Calvin Chen James Chen Kellen T. Cheng Alessia Cimbri Benjamin Cloutier Jordan A. Combitsis Kelly L. Couvrette Brandon P. Coy Kyle W. Davis Antoine F. Delcayre Michelle R. Du Sarah E. Feil Danning Fu Travis J. Gilmore Emery Grahill-Bland Laura M. Iglesias Zoe Juneau Anthony G. Karapetian George Karfakis Christopher T. Lambert Eric A. Lazbin Jian H. Li Zhuofu (Chester) Li Nicholas M. Liskij Anthony V. Lopilato Darren J. Lu Detao Ma Vedant Mathur Mary H. Minasyan Maxwell K. Muller Mark T. Nasielski Janice T. Nguyen Lorraine M. Nicholson Samantha Niemoeller Divij Ohri Atharva U. Padhye Supreethi V. Penmetcha Yugantar Prakash Xinyi (Cindy) Qi Liam Rindt Vedant Sahu Joshua A. Scally Zefyr Scott Trevor J. Seddon Lara-Lynn V. Shohet Anchal Sinha Anthony E. Sinigiani Jiuxu Song Spencer M. Stice Nadine M. Tabucol Andria Uplisashvili Krishna Vanga Amaury G. Vazquez George Vetushko Valeria Villa Maria Vincent Ian J. Waasdorp Ian B. Wagaman Amanda Wang Jade C. Wight Ella Wong Natsuko Yamaguchi Zijin Zhang Junyang Zhao Ryan S. Lynch |
| author_sort | Jean-Luc Margot |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We conducted a search for narrowband radio signals over four observing sessions in 2020–2023 with the L -band receiver (1.15–1.73 GHz) of the 100 m diameter Green Bank Telescope. We pointed the telescope in the directions of 62 TESS Objects of Interest, capturing radio emissions from a total of ∼11,680 stars and planetary systems in the ∼9′ beam of the telescope. All detections were either automatically rejected or visually inspected and confirmed to be of anthropogenic nature. We also quantified the end-to-end efficiency of radio SETI pipelines with a signal injection and recovery analysis. The UCLA SETI pipeline recovers 94.0% of the injected signals over the usable frequency range of the receiver and 98.7% of the injections when regions of dense radio frequency interference are excluded. In another pipeline that uses incoherent sums of 51 consecutive spectra, the recovery rate is ∼15 times smaller at ∼6%. The pipeline efficiency affects calculations of transmitter prevalence and SETI search volume. Accordingly, we developed an improved Drake figure of merit and a formalism to place upper limits on transmitter prevalence that take the pipeline efficiency and transmitter duty cycle into account. Based on our observations, we can state at the 95% confidence level that fewer than 6.6% of stars within 100 pc host a transmitter that is continuously transmitting a narrowband signal with an equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIRP) > 10 ^13 W. For stars within 20,000 ly, the fraction of stars with detectable transmitters (EIRP > 5 × 10 ^16 W) is at most 3 × 10 ^−4 . Finally, we showed that the UCLA SETI pipeline natively detects the signals detected with AI techniques by Ma et al. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T17:01:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-521215c0c5e645d18da7f8b4ae82d35c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1538-3881 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T17:01:12Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Astronomical Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-521215c0c5e645d18da7f8b4ae82d35c2023-10-20T08:31:25ZengIOP PublishingThe Astronomical Journal1538-38812023-01-01166520610.3847/1538-3881/acfda4A Search for Technosignatures Around 11,680 Stars with the Green Bank Telescope at 1.15–1.73 GHzJean-Luc Margot0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9798-1797Megan G. Li1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3012-4261Pavlo Pinchuk2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4736-4728Nathan Myhrvold3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3994-5143Larry Lesyna4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3970-688XLea E. Alcantara5Megan T. Andrakin6Jeth Arunseangroj7Damien S. Baclet8Madison H. Belk9Zerxes R. Bhadha10Nicholas W. Brandis11Robert E. Carey12Harrison P. Cassar13Sai S. Chava14Calvin Chen15James Chen16Kellen T. Cheng17Alessia Cimbri18Benjamin Cloutier19Jordan A. Combitsis20Kelly L. Couvrette21Brandon P. Coy22Kyle W. Davis23Antoine F. Delcayre24Michelle R. Du25Sarah E. Feil26Danning Fu27Travis J. Gilmore28Emery Grahill-Bland29Laura M. Iglesias30Zoe Juneau31Anthony G. Karapetian32George Karfakis33Christopher T. Lambert34Eric A. Lazbin35Jian H. Li36Zhuofu (Chester) Li37Nicholas M. Liskij38Anthony V. Lopilato39Darren J. Lu40Detao Ma41Vedant Mathur42Mary H. Minasyan43Maxwell K. Muller44Mark T. Nasielski45Janice T. Nguyen46Lorraine M. Nicholson47Samantha Niemoeller48Divij Ohri49Atharva U. Padhye50Supreethi V. Penmetcha51Yugantar Prakash52Xinyi (Cindy) Qi53Liam Rindt54Vedant Sahu55Joshua A. Scally56Zefyr Scott57Trevor J. Seddon58Lara-Lynn V. Shohet59Anchal Sinha60Anthony E. Sinigiani61Jiuxu Song62Spencer M. Stice63Nadine M. Tabucol64Andria Uplisashvili65Krishna Vanga66Amaury G. Vazquez67George Vetushko68Valeria Villa69Maria Vincent70Ian J. Waasdorp71Ian B. Wagaman72Amanda Wang73Jade C. Wight74Ella Wong75Natsuko Yamaguchi76Zijin Zhang77Junyang Zhao78Ryan S. Lynch79https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5229-7430Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA ; jlm@epss.ucla.edu; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA ; jlm@epss.ucla.eduNational Renewable Energy Laboratory , Golden, CO 80401, USAIntellectual Ventures , 3150 139th Avenue SE, Bellevue, WA 98005, USALXL Technology , Las Vegas, NV 89148, USAUCLA Samueli School of Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Mathematics, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Electrical Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Public Affairs, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Electrical Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Computer Science, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Mathematics, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Electrical Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Electrical Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Mathematics, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Materials Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA ; jlm@epss.ucla.eduDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Electrical Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA ; jlm@epss.ucla.eduDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA ; jlm@epss.ucla.eduUCLA College of Letters and Science, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA ; jlm@epss.ucla.eduDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Computer Science, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Electrical Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA ; jlm@epss.ucla.eduDepartment of Electrical Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Mathematics, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Electrical Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Computer Science, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Electrical Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Computer Science, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Computer Science, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Electrical Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Mathematics, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Electrical Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Aerospace Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Electrical Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Neuroscience, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA ; jlm@epss.ucla.eduDepartment of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA ; jlm@epss.ucla.eduDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Computer Science, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA ; jlm@epss.ucla.eduDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA ; jlm@epss.ucla.eduDepartment of Electrical Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USAGreen Bank Observatory , P.O. Box 2, Green Bank, WV 24494, USAWe conducted a search for narrowband radio signals over four observing sessions in 2020–2023 with the L -band receiver (1.15–1.73 GHz) of the 100 m diameter Green Bank Telescope. We pointed the telescope in the directions of 62 TESS Objects of Interest, capturing radio emissions from a total of ∼11,680 stars and planetary systems in the ∼9′ beam of the telescope. All detections were either automatically rejected or visually inspected and confirmed to be of anthropogenic nature. We also quantified the end-to-end efficiency of radio SETI pipelines with a signal injection and recovery analysis. The UCLA SETI pipeline recovers 94.0% of the injected signals over the usable frequency range of the receiver and 98.7% of the injections when regions of dense radio frequency interference are excluded. In another pipeline that uses incoherent sums of 51 consecutive spectra, the recovery rate is ∼15 times smaller at ∼6%. The pipeline efficiency affects calculations of transmitter prevalence and SETI search volume. Accordingly, we developed an improved Drake figure of merit and a formalism to place upper limits on transmitter prevalence that take the pipeline efficiency and transmitter duty cycle into account. Based on our observations, we can state at the 95% confidence level that fewer than 6.6% of stars within 100 pc host a transmitter that is continuously transmitting a narrowband signal with an equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIRP) > 10 ^13 W. For stars within 20,000 ly, the fraction of stars with detectable transmitters (EIRP > 5 × 10 ^16 W) is at most 3 × 10 ^−4 . Finally, we showed that the UCLA SETI pipeline natively detects the signals detected with AI techniques by Ma et al.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/acfda4Search for extraterrestrial intelligenceTechnosignaturesAstrobiologyExoplanetsRadio astronomyMilky Way Galaxy |
| spellingShingle | Jean-Luc Margot Megan G. Li Pavlo Pinchuk Nathan Myhrvold Larry Lesyna Lea E. Alcantara Megan T. Andrakin Jeth Arunseangroj Damien S. Baclet Madison H. Belk Zerxes R. Bhadha Nicholas W. Brandis Robert E. Carey Harrison P. Cassar Sai S. Chava Calvin Chen James Chen Kellen T. Cheng Alessia Cimbri Benjamin Cloutier Jordan A. Combitsis Kelly L. Couvrette Brandon P. Coy Kyle W. Davis Antoine F. Delcayre Michelle R. Du Sarah E. Feil Danning Fu Travis J. Gilmore Emery Grahill-Bland Laura M. Iglesias Zoe Juneau Anthony G. Karapetian George Karfakis Christopher T. Lambert Eric A. Lazbin Jian H. Li Zhuofu (Chester) Li Nicholas M. Liskij Anthony V. Lopilato Darren J. Lu Detao Ma Vedant Mathur Mary H. Minasyan Maxwell K. Muller Mark T. Nasielski Janice T. Nguyen Lorraine M. Nicholson Samantha Niemoeller Divij Ohri Atharva U. Padhye Supreethi V. Penmetcha Yugantar Prakash Xinyi (Cindy) Qi Liam Rindt Vedant Sahu Joshua A. Scally Zefyr Scott Trevor J. Seddon Lara-Lynn V. Shohet Anchal Sinha Anthony E. Sinigiani Jiuxu Song Spencer M. Stice Nadine M. Tabucol Andria Uplisashvili Krishna Vanga Amaury G. Vazquez George Vetushko Valeria Villa Maria Vincent Ian J. Waasdorp Ian B. Wagaman Amanda Wang Jade C. Wight Ella Wong Natsuko Yamaguchi Zijin Zhang Junyang Zhao Ryan S. Lynch A Search for Technosignatures Around 11,680 Stars with the Green Bank Telescope at 1.15–1.73 GHz The Astronomical Journal Search for extraterrestrial intelligence Technosignatures Astrobiology Exoplanets Radio astronomy Milky Way Galaxy |
| title | A Search for Technosignatures Around 11,680 Stars with the Green Bank Telescope at 1.15–1.73 GHz |
| title_full | A Search for Technosignatures Around 11,680 Stars with the Green Bank Telescope at 1.15–1.73 GHz |
| title_fullStr | A Search for Technosignatures Around 11,680 Stars with the Green Bank Telescope at 1.15–1.73 GHz |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Search for Technosignatures Around 11,680 Stars with the Green Bank Telescope at 1.15–1.73 GHz |
| title_short | A Search for Technosignatures Around 11,680 Stars with the Green Bank Telescope at 1.15–1.73 GHz |
| title_sort | search for technosignatures around 11 680 stars with the green bank telescope at 1 15 1 73 ghz |
| topic | Search for extraterrestrial intelligence Technosignatures Astrobiology Exoplanets Radio astronomy Milky Way Galaxy |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/acfda4 |
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