Bacterial Aetiology of Neonatal Sepsis and Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern at the Regional Referral Hospital, Dar es Salam, Tanzania; A Call to Strengthening Antibiotic Stewardship Program
The diagnosis of neonatal sepsis in lower-income countries is mainly based on clinical presentation. The practice necessitates empirical treatment with limited aetiology and antibiotic susceptibility profile knowledge, prompting the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance. We conducted a cr...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/4/767 |
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| author | Mtebe Majigo Jackline Makupa Zivonishe Mwazyunga Anna Luoga Julius Kisinga Bertha Mwamkoa Sukyung Kim Agricola Joachim |
| author_facet | Mtebe Majigo Jackline Makupa Zivonishe Mwazyunga Anna Luoga Julius Kisinga Bertha Mwamkoa Sukyung Kim Agricola Joachim |
| author_sort | Mtebe Majigo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The diagnosis of neonatal sepsis in lower-income countries is mainly based on clinical presentation. The practice necessitates empirical treatment with limited aetiology and antibiotic susceptibility profile knowledge, prompting the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance. We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the aetiology of neonatal sepsis and antimicrobial resistance patterns. We recruited 658 neonates admitted to the neonatal ward with signs and symptoms of sepsis and performed 639 automated blood cultures and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Around 72% of the samples were culture positive; Gram-positive bacteria were predominantly isolated, contributing to 81%. Coagulase-negative <i>Staphylococci</i> were the most isolates, followed by <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i>. Overall, antibiotic resistance among Gram-positive pathogens ranged from 23% (Chloramphenicol) to 93% (Penicillin) and from 24.7% (amikacin) to 91% (ampicillin) for Gram-negative bacteria. Moreover, about 69% of Gram-positive and 75% of Gram-negative bacteria were multidrug-resistant (MDR). We observed about 70% overall proportion of MDR strains, non-significantly more in Gram-negative than Gram-positive pathogens (<i>p</i> = 0.334). In conclusion, the pathogen causing neonatal sepsis in our setting exhibited a high resistance rate to commonly used antibiotics. The high rate of MDR pathogens calls for strengthening antibiotic stewardship programs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:17:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-521d31076e554cee8456062d76b3d909 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:17:53Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-521d31076e554cee8456062d76b3d9092023-11-17T18:03:44ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822023-04-0112476710.3390/antibiotics12040767Bacterial Aetiology of Neonatal Sepsis and Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern at the Regional Referral Hospital, Dar es Salam, Tanzania; A Call to Strengthening Antibiotic Stewardship ProgramMtebe Majigo0Jackline Makupa1Zivonishe Mwazyunga2Anna Luoga3Julius Kisinga4Bertha Mwamkoa5Sukyung Kim6Agricola Joachim7Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 65001, TanzaniaMedipeace Global Health, Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 77978, TanzaniaMwananyamala Regional Referral Hospital, Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 61665, TanzaniaMwananyamala Regional Referral Hospital, Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 61665, TanzaniaMwananyamala Regional Referral Hospital, Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 61665, TanzaniaMwananyamala Regional Referral Hospital, Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 61665, TanzaniaMedipeace Global Health, Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 77978, TanzaniaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 65001, TanzaniaThe diagnosis of neonatal sepsis in lower-income countries is mainly based on clinical presentation. The practice necessitates empirical treatment with limited aetiology and antibiotic susceptibility profile knowledge, prompting the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance. We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the aetiology of neonatal sepsis and antimicrobial resistance patterns. We recruited 658 neonates admitted to the neonatal ward with signs and symptoms of sepsis and performed 639 automated blood cultures and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Around 72% of the samples were culture positive; Gram-positive bacteria were predominantly isolated, contributing to 81%. Coagulase-negative <i>Staphylococci</i> were the most isolates, followed by <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i>. Overall, antibiotic resistance among Gram-positive pathogens ranged from 23% (Chloramphenicol) to 93% (Penicillin) and from 24.7% (amikacin) to 91% (ampicillin) for Gram-negative bacteria. Moreover, about 69% of Gram-positive and 75% of Gram-negative bacteria were multidrug-resistant (MDR). We observed about 70% overall proportion of MDR strains, non-significantly more in Gram-negative than Gram-positive pathogens (<i>p</i> = 0.334). In conclusion, the pathogen causing neonatal sepsis in our setting exhibited a high resistance rate to commonly used antibiotics. The high rate of MDR pathogens calls for strengthening antibiotic stewardship programs.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/4/767neonatal sepsisbacterial aetiologyantimicrobial resistancemultidrug-resistant bacteriaantibiotic stewardship |
| spellingShingle | Mtebe Majigo Jackline Makupa Zivonishe Mwazyunga Anna Luoga Julius Kisinga Bertha Mwamkoa Sukyung Kim Agricola Joachim Bacterial Aetiology of Neonatal Sepsis and Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern at the Regional Referral Hospital, Dar es Salam, Tanzania; A Call to Strengthening Antibiotic Stewardship Program Antibiotics neonatal sepsis bacterial aetiology antimicrobial resistance multidrug-resistant bacteria antibiotic stewardship |
| title | Bacterial Aetiology of Neonatal Sepsis and Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern at the Regional Referral Hospital, Dar es Salam, Tanzania; A Call to Strengthening Antibiotic Stewardship Program |
| title_full | Bacterial Aetiology of Neonatal Sepsis and Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern at the Regional Referral Hospital, Dar es Salam, Tanzania; A Call to Strengthening Antibiotic Stewardship Program |
| title_fullStr | Bacterial Aetiology of Neonatal Sepsis and Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern at the Regional Referral Hospital, Dar es Salam, Tanzania; A Call to Strengthening Antibiotic Stewardship Program |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bacterial Aetiology of Neonatal Sepsis and Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern at the Regional Referral Hospital, Dar es Salam, Tanzania; A Call to Strengthening Antibiotic Stewardship Program |
| title_short | Bacterial Aetiology of Neonatal Sepsis and Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern at the Regional Referral Hospital, Dar es Salam, Tanzania; A Call to Strengthening Antibiotic Stewardship Program |
| title_sort | bacterial aetiology of neonatal sepsis and antimicrobial resistance pattern at the regional referral hospital dar es salam tanzania a call to strengthening antibiotic stewardship program |
| topic | neonatal sepsis bacterial aetiology antimicrobial resistance multidrug-resistant bacteria antibiotic stewardship |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/4/767 |
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