Nut consumption is associated with a shift of the NMR lipoprotein subfraction profile to a less atherogenic pattern among older individuals at high CVD risk
Abstract Background Scientific evidence has accumulated on the beneficial effects of nut consumption on cardiovascular risk and cholesterol reduction, but few studies have examined the effects of nuts on advanced measures of lipoprotein atherogenicity determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) s...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Cardiovascular Diabetology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-022-01624-3 |
| _version_ | 1811265122975350784 |
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| author | Jesús F. García-Gavilán Margery A. Connelly Nancy Babio Christos S. Matzoros Emilio Ros Jordi Salas-Salvadó |
| author_facet | Jesús F. García-Gavilán Margery A. Connelly Nancy Babio Christos S. Matzoros Emilio Ros Jordi Salas-Salvadó |
| author_sort | Jesús F. García-Gavilán |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Scientific evidence has accumulated on the beneficial effects of nut consumption on cardiovascular risk and cholesterol reduction, but few studies have examined the effects of nuts on advanced measures of lipoprotein atherogenicity determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. We analyzed associations between the amount and type of of nuts consumed and advanced measures of lipoprotein atherogenity and insulin resistance in older individuals at high cardiovascular risk. Methods The present observational study was carried out within the framework of the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea (PREDIMED) trial. Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses after 1-year of follow-up were conducted in 196 men and women recruited in the PREDIMED-Reus (Spain) center. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food questionnaire. Baseline and 1-year fasting plasma lipoprotein and metabolite profiling were performed in plasma using NMR spectra Vantera® Clinical Analyzer. Associations by tertiles of nut consumption between baseline and 1-year changes and advanced measures of lipoprotein atherogenicity, branched chain amminoacids, and measures of insulin resistance were tested by multivariable-adjusted ANCOVA models. Results Compared to paticipants in the bottom tertile, those in the top tertile of total nut consumption showed higher levels of large HDL particles and HDL-cholesterol, lower levels of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) and GlycA, and reduced lipoprotein insulin resistance and diabetes risk index. Participants in the top tertile of walnut consumption disclosed lower levels of very large VLDL, total LDL particles, LDL-cholesterol, and GlycA. Participants in the top tertile of non-walnut nut consumption displayed higher levels of total HDL particles, HDL-cholesterol and apoliporotein A1, lower BCAA and GlycA, and reduced lipoprotein insulin resistance. Participants in the top tertile of 1-year changes in walnut consumption showed increases in medium-sized HDL particles in comparison to the bottom tertile. Conclusions In older individuals at high cardiovascular risk, increasing nut consumption was associated with a shift of the NMR lipoprotein subfraction profile to a less atherogenic pattern, as well as lower circulating concentrations of BCAA and decreased insulin resistance. These results provide novel mechanistic insight into the cardiovascular benefit of nut consumption. Trial registration ISRCTN35739639; registration date: 05/10/2005; recruitment start date 01/10/2003. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T20:17:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5221ef08e1be4c37a603840b10f1641a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1475-2840 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T20:17:06Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cardiovascular Diabetology |
| spelling | doaj.art-5221ef08e1be4c37a603840b10f1641a2022-12-22T03:18:05ZengBMCCardiovascular Diabetology1475-28402022-09-0121111310.1186/s12933-022-01624-3Nut consumption is associated with a shift of the NMR lipoprotein subfraction profile to a less atherogenic pattern among older individuals at high CVD riskJesús F. García-Gavilán0Margery A. Connelly1Nancy Babio2Christos S. Matzoros3Emilio Ros4Jordi Salas-Salvadó5Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició HumanaLaboratory Corporation of America® Holdings (Labcorp)Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició HumanaDepartment of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical SchoolConsorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició HumanaAbstract Background Scientific evidence has accumulated on the beneficial effects of nut consumption on cardiovascular risk and cholesterol reduction, but few studies have examined the effects of nuts on advanced measures of lipoprotein atherogenicity determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. We analyzed associations between the amount and type of of nuts consumed and advanced measures of lipoprotein atherogenity and insulin resistance in older individuals at high cardiovascular risk. Methods The present observational study was carried out within the framework of the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea (PREDIMED) trial. Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses after 1-year of follow-up were conducted in 196 men and women recruited in the PREDIMED-Reus (Spain) center. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food questionnaire. Baseline and 1-year fasting plasma lipoprotein and metabolite profiling were performed in plasma using NMR spectra Vantera® Clinical Analyzer. Associations by tertiles of nut consumption between baseline and 1-year changes and advanced measures of lipoprotein atherogenicity, branched chain amminoacids, and measures of insulin resistance were tested by multivariable-adjusted ANCOVA models. Results Compared to paticipants in the bottom tertile, those in the top tertile of total nut consumption showed higher levels of large HDL particles and HDL-cholesterol, lower levels of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) and GlycA, and reduced lipoprotein insulin resistance and diabetes risk index. Participants in the top tertile of walnut consumption disclosed lower levels of very large VLDL, total LDL particles, LDL-cholesterol, and GlycA. Participants in the top tertile of non-walnut nut consumption displayed higher levels of total HDL particles, HDL-cholesterol and apoliporotein A1, lower BCAA and GlycA, and reduced lipoprotein insulin resistance. Participants in the top tertile of 1-year changes in walnut consumption showed increases in medium-sized HDL particles in comparison to the bottom tertile. Conclusions In older individuals at high cardiovascular risk, increasing nut consumption was associated with a shift of the NMR lipoprotein subfraction profile to a less atherogenic pattern, as well as lower circulating concentrations of BCAA and decreased insulin resistance. These results provide novel mechanistic insight into the cardiovascular benefit of nut consumption. Trial registration ISRCTN35739639; registration date: 05/10/2005; recruitment start date 01/10/2003.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-022-01624-3Advanced lipoproteinNutsWalnutsMetabolomics |
| spellingShingle | Jesús F. García-Gavilán Margery A. Connelly Nancy Babio Christos S. Matzoros Emilio Ros Jordi Salas-Salvadó Nut consumption is associated with a shift of the NMR lipoprotein subfraction profile to a less atherogenic pattern among older individuals at high CVD risk Cardiovascular Diabetology Advanced lipoprotein Nuts Walnuts Metabolomics |
| title | Nut consumption is associated with a shift of the NMR lipoprotein subfraction profile to a less atherogenic pattern among older individuals at high CVD risk |
| title_full | Nut consumption is associated with a shift of the NMR lipoprotein subfraction profile to a less atherogenic pattern among older individuals at high CVD risk |
| title_fullStr | Nut consumption is associated with a shift of the NMR lipoprotein subfraction profile to a less atherogenic pattern among older individuals at high CVD risk |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nut consumption is associated with a shift of the NMR lipoprotein subfraction profile to a less atherogenic pattern among older individuals at high CVD risk |
| title_short | Nut consumption is associated with a shift of the NMR lipoprotein subfraction profile to a less atherogenic pattern among older individuals at high CVD risk |
| title_sort | nut consumption is associated with a shift of the nmr lipoprotein subfraction profile to a less atherogenic pattern among older individuals at high cvd risk |
| topic | Advanced lipoprotein Nuts Walnuts Metabolomics |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-022-01624-3 |
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