Roles of the Tol/Pal System in Bacterial Pathogenesis and Its Application to Antibacterial Therapy
The Tol/Pal system (also written as “The Tol-Pal system”) is a set of protein complexes produced by most Gram-negative bacteria. It comprises the inner membrane-associated and the outer membrane-anchored subunits composed of the TolA, TolQ, and TolR proteins and the TolB and Pal proteins, respective...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-03-01
|
| Series: | Vaccines |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/10/3/422 |
| _version_ | 1827624874904911872 |
|---|---|
| author | Hidetada Hirakawa Kazutomo Suzue Haruyoshi Tomita |
| author_facet | Hidetada Hirakawa Kazutomo Suzue Haruyoshi Tomita |
| author_sort | Hidetada Hirakawa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Tol/Pal system (also written as “The Tol-Pal system”) is a set of protein complexes produced by most Gram-negative bacteria. It comprises the inner membrane-associated and the outer membrane-anchored subunits composed of the TolA, TolQ, and TolR proteins and the TolB and Pal proteins, respectively. Although the Tol/Pal system was first defined as bacterial proteins involved in colicin uptake of <i>Escherichia coli</i>, its global roles have been characterized in several studies as mentioned in this article. Pathogenesis of many Gram-negative pathogens is sustained by the Tol/Pal system. It is also essential for cell growth and fitness in some pathogens. Therefore, the Tol/Pal system is proposed as a potential target for antimicrobial chemotherapy. Although the <i>tol</i>/<i>pal</i> mutants are low in virulence, they still have the ability to stimulate the immune system. The Pal protein is highly immunogenic and induces both adaptive and innate immune responses. Therefore, the <i>tol</i>/<i>pal</i> mutant strains and Pal proteins also have potential vaccine properties. For these reasons, the Tol/Pal system represents a promising research target in the development of antibacterial therapeutic strategies for refractory infections caused by multi-drug-resistant (MDR), Gram-negative pathogens. In this paper, we summarize studies on the Tol/Pal system associated with bacterial pathogenesis and vaccine development. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:18:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5237b74959be4781abd0536c020c0a06 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:18:46Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-5237b74959be4781abd0536c020c0a062023-11-30T22:42:43ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2022-03-0110342210.3390/vaccines10030422Roles of the Tol/Pal System in Bacterial Pathogenesis and Its Application to Antibacterial TherapyHidetada Hirakawa0Kazutomo Suzue1Haruyoshi Tomita2Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi 371-8511, Gunma, JapanDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Host Defense, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi 371-8511, Gunma, JapanDepartment of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi 371-8511, Gunma, JapanThe Tol/Pal system (also written as “The Tol-Pal system”) is a set of protein complexes produced by most Gram-negative bacteria. It comprises the inner membrane-associated and the outer membrane-anchored subunits composed of the TolA, TolQ, and TolR proteins and the TolB and Pal proteins, respectively. Although the Tol/Pal system was first defined as bacterial proteins involved in colicin uptake of <i>Escherichia coli</i>, its global roles have been characterized in several studies as mentioned in this article. Pathogenesis of many Gram-negative pathogens is sustained by the Tol/Pal system. It is also essential for cell growth and fitness in some pathogens. Therefore, the Tol/Pal system is proposed as a potential target for antimicrobial chemotherapy. Although the <i>tol</i>/<i>pal</i> mutants are low in virulence, they still have the ability to stimulate the immune system. The Pal protein is highly immunogenic and induces both adaptive and innate immune responses. Therefore, the <i>tol</i>/<i>pal</i> mutant strains and Pal proteins also have potential vaccine properties. For these reasons, the Tol/Pal system represents a promising research target in the development of antibacterial therapeutic strategies for refractory infections caused by multi-drug-resistant (MDR), Gram-negative pathogens. In this paper, we summarize studies on the Tol/Pal system associated with bacterial pathogenesis and vaccine development.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/10/3/422Gram-negative bacteriavirulencedrug resistanceantimicrobial chemotherapyvaccineouter membrane protein |
| spellingShingle | Hidetada Hirakawa Kazutomo Suzue Haruyoshi Tomita Roles of the Tol/Pal System in Bacterial Pathogenesis and Its Application to Antibacterial Therapy Vaccines Gram-negative bacteria virulence drug resistance antimicrobial chemotherapy vaccine outer membrane protein |
| title | Roles of the Tol/Pal System in Bacterial Pathogenesis and Its Application to Antibacterial Therapy |
| title_full | Roles of the Tol/Pal System in Bacterial Pathogenesis and Its Application to Antibacterial Therapy |
| title_fullStr | Roles of the Tol/Pal System in Bacterial Pathogenesis and Its Application to Antibacterial Therapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Roles of the Tol/Pal System in Bacterial Pathogenesis and Its Application to Antibacterial Therapy |
| title_short | Roles of the Tol/Pal System in Bacterial Pathogenesis and Its Application to Antibacterial Therapy |
| title_sort | roles of the tol pal system in bacterial pathogenesis and its application to antibacterial therapy |
| topic | Gram-negative bacteria virulence drug resistance antimicrobial chemotherapy vaccine outer membrane protein |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/10/3/422 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hidetadahirakawa rolesofthetolpalsysteminbacterialpathogenesisanditsapplicationtoantibacterialtherapy AT kazutomosuzue rolesofthetolpalsysteminbacterialpathogenesisanditsapplicationtoantibacterialtherapy AT haruyoshitomita rolesofthetolpalsysteminbacterialpathogenesisanditsapplicationtoantibacterialtherapy |