In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Thermometry for Brain and Body Temperature Variations in Canines under General Anesthesia
The core body temperature tends to decrease under general anesthesia. Consequently, monitoring the core body temperature during procedures involving general anesthesia is essential to ensure patient safety. In veterinary medicine, rectal temperature is used as an indicator of the core body temperatu...
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/11/4034 |
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| author | Keonil Kim Jisoo Ahn Kwangyong Yoon Minjung Ko Jiyoung Ahn Hyesung Kim Jihyeon Park Chulhyun Lee Dongwoo Chang Sukhoon Oh |
| author_facet | Keonil Kim Jisoo Ahn Kwangyong Yoon Minjung Ko Jiyoung Ahn Hyesung Kim Jihyeon Park Chulhyun Lee Dongwoo Chang Sukhoon Oh |
| author_sort | Keonil Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The core body temperature tends to decrease under general anesthesia. Consequently, monitoring the core body temperature during procedures involving general anesthesia is essential to ensure patient safety. In veterinary medicine, rectal temperature is used as an indicator of the core body temperature, owing to the accuracy and convenience of this approach. Some previous studies involving craniotomy reported differences between the brain and core temperatures under general anesthesia. However, noninvasive imaging techniques are required to ascertain this because invasive brain temperature measurements can cause unintended temperature changes by inserting the temperature sensors into the brain or by performing the surgical operations. In this study, we employed in vivo magnetic resonance thermometry to observe the brain temperatures of patients under general anesthesia using the proton resonance frequency shift method. The rectal temperature was also recorded using a fiber optic thermometer during the MR thermometry to compare with the brain temperature changes. When the rectal temperature decreased by 1.4 ± 0.5 °C (mean ± standard deviation), the brain temperature (white matter) decreased by 4.8 ± 0.5 °C. Furthermore, a difference in the temperature reduction of the different types of brain tissue was observed; the reduction in the temperature of white matter exceeded that of gray matter mainly due to the distribution of blood vessels in the gray matter. We also analyzed and interpreted the core temperature changes with the body conditioning scores of subjects to see how the body weight affected the temperature changes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:53:43Z |
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| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:53:43Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-523dde1eff6e45a6a506101a0caebae12023-11-23T14:47:36ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202022-05-012211403410.3390/s22114034In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Thermometry for Brain and Body Temperature Variations in Canines under General AnesthesiaKeonil Kim0Jisoo Ahn1Kwangyong Yoon2Minjung Ko3Jiyoung Ahn4Hyesung Kim5Jihyeon Park6Chulhyun Lee7Dongwoo Chang8Sukhoon Oh9Bio-Chemical Analysis Team, Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, KoreaSection of Veterinary Medical Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, KoreaSection of Veterinary Medical Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, KoreaSection of Veterinary Medical Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, KoreaSection of Veterinary Medical Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, KoreaSection of Veterinary Medical Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, KoreaSection of Veterinary Medical Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, KoreaBio-Chemical Analysis Team, Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, KoreaSection of Veterinary Medical Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, KoreaBio-Chemical Analysis Team, Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, KoreaThe core body temperature tends to decrease under general anesthesia. Consequently, monitoring the core body temperature during procedures involving general anesthesia is essential to ensure patient safety. In veterinary medicine, rectal temperature is used as an indicator of the core body temperature, owing to the accuracy and convenience of this approach. Some previous studies involving craniotomy reported differences between the brain and core temperatures under general anesthesia. However, noninvasive imaging techniques are required to ascertain this because invasive brain temperature measurements can cause unintended temperature changes by inserting the temperature sensors into the brain or by performing the surgical operations. In this study, we employed in vivo magnetic resonance thermometry to observe the brain temperatures of patients under general anesthesia using the proton resonance frequency shift method. The rectal temperature was also recorded using a fiber optic thermometer during the MR thermometry to compare with the brain temperature changes. When the rectal temperature decreased by 1.4 ± 0.5 °C (mean ± standard deviation), the brain temperature (white matter) decreased by 4.8 ± 0.5 °C. Furthermore, a difference in the temperature reduction of the different types of brain tissue was observed; the reduction in the temperature of white matter exceeded that of gray matter mainly due to the distribution of blood vessels in the gray matter. We also analyzed and interpreted the core temperature changes with the body conditioning scores of subjects to see how the body weight affected the temperature changes.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/11/4034MR thermometryproton resonance frequency shiftgeneral anesthesiabrain temperature7T MRI |
| spellingShingle | Keonil Kim Jisoo Ahn Kwangyong Yoon Minjung Ko Jiyoung Ahn Hyesung Kim Jihyeon Park Chulhyun Lee Dongwoo Chang Sukhoon Oh In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Thermometry for Brain and Body Temperature Variations in Canines under General Anesthesia Sensors MR thermometry proton resonance frequency shift general anesthesia brain temperature 7T MRI |
| title | In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Thermometry for Brain and Body Temperature Variations in Canines under General Anesthesia |
| title_full | In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Thermometry for Brain and Body Temperature Variations in Canines under General Anesthesia |
| title_fullStr | In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Thermometry for Brain and Body Temperature Variations in Canines under General Anesthesia |
| title_full_unstemmed | In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Thermometry for Brain and Body Temperature Variations in Canines under General Anesthesia |
| title_short | In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Thermometry for Brain and Body Temperature Variations in Canines under General Anesthesia |
| title_sort | in vivo magnetic resonance thermometry for brain and body temperature variations in canines under general anesthesia |
| topic | MR thermometry proton resonance frequency shift general anesthesia brain temperature 7T MRI |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/11/4034 |
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