Coexistence of Autoimmune Encephalitis and Other Systemic Autoimmune Diseases
Background: In recent years, the phenomenon of coexisting systemic autoimmune diseases (ADs) in patients with autoimmune encephalitis (AE) has been increasingly found, while its clinical significance remains unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the types and potential clinical associations of...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-10-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Neurology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2019.01142/full |
| _version_ | 1811238063117959168 |
|---|---|
| author | Jing Zhao Cancan Wang Xiaolu Xu Yuanxing Zhang Haitao Ren Zhixia Ren Gai Li Jiewen Zhang Hongzhi Guan |
| author_facet | Jing Zhao Cancan Wang Xiaolu Xu Yuanxing Zhang Haitao Ren Zhixia Ren Gai Li Jiewen Zhang Hongzhi Guan |
| author_sort | Jing Zhao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: In recent years, the phenomenon of coexisting systemic autoimmune diseases (ADs) in patients with autoimmune encephalitis (AE) has been increasingly found, while its clinical significance remains unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the types and potential clinical associations of autoimmune comorbidities in patients with antibody-positive AE.Methods: A retrospective cohort study of patients with antibody-positive AE was conducted from 2011 to 2018. The demographics, clinical characteristics, and follow-up data were reviewed.Results: We enrolled 517 patients, among whom 45 were affected by one or more types of ADs, including Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) (n = 28), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (n = 3), anaphylactoid purpura (n = 3), vitiligo (n = 3), Sjögren's syndrome (SS) (n = 2), chronic urticaria (n = 2), bullous pemphigoid (n = 1), uveitis (n = 1), myasthenia gravis (MG) (n = 1), and the coexistence of SLE and anaphylactoid purpura (n = 1). The proportion of patients with coexisting ADs was higher in those with anti–leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) encephalitis than in those with anti–N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis (13/111 vs. 16/307) (P = 0.021). In anti-NMDAR and anti-LGI1 encephalitis patients, there were no significant differences in the age at onset, sex ratio, proportion of patients with tumors, disease severity, or recurrence between the groups with and without ADs.Conclusions: One or more types of ADs developed in AE patients, and patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis had a higher frequency of autoimmune comorbidities than those with anti-NMDAR encephalitis. And we found that autoimmune comorbidities did not affect the clinical course of AE. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T12:34:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5240a9997c5a42dbbc6be22b58a4c1d0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2295 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T12:34:00Z |
| publishDate | 2019-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Neurology |
| spelling | doaj.art-5240a9997c5a42dbbc6be22b58a4c1d02022-12-22T03:32:56ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neurology1664-22952019-10-011010.3389/fneur.2019.01142480191Coexistence of Autoimmune Encephalitis and Other Systemic Autoimmune DiseasesJing Zhao0Cancan Wang1Xiaolu Xu2Yuanxing Zhang3Haitao Ren4Zhixia Ren5Gai Li6Jiewen Zhang7Hongzhi Guan8Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, People Hospital of Beijing Daxing District, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, ChinaBackground: In recent years, the phenomenon of coexisting systemic autoimmune diseases (ADs) in patients with autoimmune encephalitis (AE) has been increasingly found, while its clinical significance remains unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the types and potential clinical associations of autoimmune comorbidities in patients with antibody-positive AE.Methods: A retrospective cohort study of patients with antibody-positive AE was conducted from 2011 to 2018. The demographics, clinical characteristics, and follow-up data were reviewed.Results: We enrolled 517 patients, among whom 45 were affected by one or more types of ADs, including Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) (n = 28), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (n = 3), anaphylactoid purpura (n = 3), vitiligo (n = 3), Sjögren's syndrome (SS) (n = 2), chronic urticaria (n = 2), bullous pemphigoid (n = 1), uveitis (n = 1), myasthenia gravis (MG) (n = 1), and the coexistence of SLE and anaphylactoid purpura (n = 1). The proportion of patients with coexisting ADs was higher in those with anti–leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) encephalitis than in those with anti–N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis (13/111 vs. 16/307) (P = 0.021). In anti-NMDAR and anti-LGI1 encephalitis patients, there were no significant differences in the age at onset, sex ratio, proportion of patients with tumors, disease severity, or recurrence between the groups with and without ADs.Conclusions: One or more types of ADs developed in AE patients, and patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis had a higher frequency of autoimmune comorbidities than those with anti-NMDAR encephalitis. And we found that autoimmune comorbidities did not affect the clinical course of AE.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2019.01142/fullautoantibodiesencephalitisautoimmune encephalitisautoimmune diseasescomorbidities |
| spellingShingle | Jing Zhao Cancan Wang Xiaolu Xu Yuanxing Zhang Haitao Ren Zhixia Ren Gai Li Jiewen Zhang Hongzhi Guan Coexistence of Autoimmune Encephalitis and Other Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Frontiers in Neurology autoantibodies encephalitis autoimmune encephalitis autoimmune diseases comorbidities |
| title | Coexistence of Autoimmune Encephalitis and Other Systemic Autoimmune Diseases |
| title_full | Coexistence of Autoimmune Encephalitis and Other Systemic Autoimmune Diseases |
| title_fullStr | Coexistence of Autoimmune Encephalitis and Other Systemic Autoimmune Diseases |
| title_full_unstemmed | Coexistence of Autoimmune Encephalitis and Other Systemic Autoimmune Diseases |
| title_short | Coexistence of Autoimmune Encephalitis and Other Systemic Autoimmune Diseases |
| title_sort | coexistence of autoimmune encephalitis and other systemic autoimmune diseases |
| topic | autoantibodies encephalitis autoimmune encephalitis autoimmune diseases comorbidities |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2019.01142/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jingzhao coexistenceofautoimmuneencephalitisandothersystemicautoimmunediseases AT cancanwang coexistenceofautoimmuneencephalitisandothersystemicautoimmunediseases AT xiaoluxu coexistenceofautoimmuneencephalitisandothersystemicautoimmunediseases AT yuanxingzhang coexistenceofautoimmuneencephalitisandothersystemicautoimmunediseases AT haitaoren coexistenceofautoimmuneencephalitisandothersystemicautoimmunediseases AT zhixiaren coexistenceofautoimmuneencephalitisandothersystemicautoimmunediseases AT gaili coexistenceofautoimmuneencephalitisandothersystemicautoimmunediseases AT jiewenzhang coexistenceofautoimmuneencephalitisandothersystemicautoimmunediseases AT hongzhiguan coexistenceofautoimmuneencephalitisandothersystemicautoimmunediseases |