De Novo Assembly of the <i>Dirofilaria immitis</i> Genome by Long-Read Nanopore-Based Sequencing Technology on an Adult Worm from a Canine Cardiopulmonary Dirofilariosis Case
<i>Dirofilaria immitis</i> is a zoonotic parasitic nematode that infects domestic and wild canids, among its vertebrate hosts. The genetic analysis of <i>D. immitis</i> nowadays transcends the need for genetic taxonomy of nematodes, such as the study of resistance to macrocyc...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-05-01
|
| Series: | Animals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/11/1342 |
| _version_ | 1797494383525756928 |
|---|---|
| author | Sónia Gomes-de-Sá Patrícia Barradas Luís Queirós-Reis Isabel M. Matas Irina Amorim Luís Cardoso Antonio Muñoz-Mérida João R. Mesquita |
| author_facet | Sónia Gomes-de-Sá Patrícia Barradas Luís Queirós-Reis Isabel M. Matas Irina Amorim Luís Cardoso Antonio Muñoz-Mérida João R. Mesquita |
| author_sort | Sónia Gomes-de-Sá |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Dirofilaria immitis</i> is a zoonotic parasitic nematode that infects domestic and wild canids, among its vertebrate hosts. The genetic analysis of <i>D. immitis</i> nowadays transcends the need for genetic taxonomy of nematodes, such as the study of resistance to macrocyclic lactone. We expanded the use of long-read nanopore-based sequencing technology on nematodes by performing genomic de novo assembly of a <i>D. immitis</i> specimen retrieved from a canine cardiopulmonary dirofilariasis case using the ONT MinION platform, followed by the study of macrocyclic lactone resistance. The assembled genome of <i>D. immitis</i> consists of 110 contigs with an N50 of 3687191. The genome size is 87899012 and contains a total of 9741 proteins; 6 ribosomal RNAs, with three belonging to the small subunit (18S) and three to the large subunit (28S); and 73 tRNAs. Subsequent analysis of six loci previously characterized as being associated to macrocyclic lactone resistance selection pressure showed that four have a genotype associated with either some loss of efficacy or the resistance phenotype. Considering the zoonotic potential of <i>D. immitis</i>, the identification of a resistant parasite alerts for the overuse of macrocyclic lactone in the region, which poses a potential risk to both veterinary and human public health. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:33:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-525adbba61954e059a5f4f44afe9b640 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:33:29Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-525adbba61954e059a5f4f44afe9b6402023-11-23T13:36:48ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-05-011211134210.3390/ani12111342De Novo Assembly of the <i>Dirofilaria immitis</i> Genome by Long-Read Nanopore-Based Sequencing Technology on an Adult Worm from a Canine Cardiopulmonary Dirofilariosis CaseSónia Gomes-de-Sá0Patrícia Barradas1Luís Queirós-Reis2Isabel M. Matas3Irina Amorim4Luís Cardoso5Antonio Muñoz-Mérida6João R. Mesquita7ICBAS—School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Porto University, 4050-313 Porto, PortugalEpidemiology Research Unit (EPIUnit), Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, 4050-600 Porto, PortugalICBAS—School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Porto University, 4050-313 Porto, PortugalCentro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO/InBIO), Universidade do Porto, Vairão, 4485-661 Porto, PortugalICBAS—School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Porto University, 4050-313 Porto, PortugalDepartment of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, PortugalCentro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO/InBIO), Universidade do Porto, Vairão, 4485-661 Porto, PortugalICBAS—School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Porto University, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal<i>Dirofilaria immitis</i> is a zoonotic parasitic nematode that infects domestic and wild canids, among its vertebrate hosts. The genetic analysis of <i>D. immitis</i> nowadays transcends the need for genetic taxonomy of nematodes, such as the study of resistance to macrocyclic lactone. We expanded the use of long-read nanopore-based sequencing technology on nematodes by performing genomic de novo assembly of a <i>D. immitis</i> specimen retrieved from a canine cardiopulmonary dirofilariasis case using the ONT MinION platform, followed by the study of macrocyclic lactone resistance. The assembled genome of <i>D. immitis</i> consists of 110 contigs with an N50 of 3687191. The genome size is 87899012 and contains a total of 9741 proteins; 6 ribosomal RNAs, with three belonging to the small subunit (18S) and three to the large subunit (28S); and 73 tRNAs. Subsequent analysis of six loci previously characterized as being associated to macrocyclic lactone resistance selection pressure showed that four have a genotype associated with either some loss of efficacy or the resistance phenotype. Considering the zoonotic potential of <i>D. immitis</i>, the identification of a resistant parasite alerts for the overuse of macrocyclic lactone in the region, which poses a potential risk to both veterinary and human public health.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/11/1342<i>Dirofilaria immitis</i>genomemacrocyclic lactone resistancelong-read |
| spellingShingle | Sónia Gomes-de-Sá Patrícia Barradas Luís Queirós-Reis Isabel M. Matas Irina Amorim Luís Cardoso Antonio Muñoz-Mérida João R. Mesquita De Novo Assembly of the <i>Dirofilaria immitis</i> Genome by Long-Read Nanopore-Based Sequencing Technology on an Adult Worm from a Canine Cardiopulmonary Dirofilariosis Case Animals <i>Dirofilaria immitis</i> genome macrocyclic lactone resistance long-read |
| title | De Novo Assembly of the <i>Dirofilaria immitis</i> Genome by Long-Read Nanopore-Based Sequencing Technology on an Adult Worm from a Canine Cardiopulmonary Dirofilariosis Case |
| title_full | De Novo Assembly of the <i>Dirofilaria immitis</i> Genome by Long-Read Nanopore-Based Sequencing Technology on an Adult Worm from a Canine Cardiopulmonary Dirofilariosis Case |
| title_fullStr | De Novo Assembly of the <i>Dirofilaria immitis</i> Genome by Long-Read Nanopore-Based Sequencing Technology on an Adult Worm from a Canine Cardiopulmonary Dirofilariosis Case |
| title_full_unstemmed | De Novo Assembly of the <i>Dirofilaria immitis</i> Genome by Long-Read Nanopore-Based Sequencing Technology on an Adult Worm from a Canine Cardiopulmonary Dirofilariosis Case |
| title_short | De Novo Assembly of the <i>Dirofilaria immitis</i> Genome by Long-Read Nanopore-Based Sequencing Technology on an Adult Worm from a Canine Cardiopulmonary Dirofilariosis Case |
| title_sort | de novo assembly of the i dirofilaria immitis i genome by long read nanopore based sequencing technology on an adult worm from a canine cardiopulmonary dirofilariosis case |
| topic | <i>Dirofilaria immitis</i> genome macrocyclic lactone resistance long-read |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/11/1342 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT soniagomesdesa denovoassemblyoftheidirofilariaimmitisigenomebylongreadnanoporebasedsequencingtechnologyonanadultwormfromacaninecardiopulmonarydirofilariosiscase AT patriciabarradas denovoassemblyoftheidirofilariaimmitisigenomebylongreadnanoporebasedsequencingtechnologyonanadultwormfromacaninecardiopulmonarydirofilariosiscase AT luisqueirosreis denovoassemblyoftheidirofilariaimmitisigenomebylongreadnanoporebasedsequencingtechnologyonanadultwormfromacaninecardiopulmonarydirofilariosiscase AT isabelmmatas denovoassemblyoftheidirofilariaimmitisigenomebylongreadnanoporebasedsequencingtechnologyonanadultwormfromacaninecardiopulmonarydirofilariosiscase AT irinaamorim denovoassemblyoftheidirofilariaimmitisigenomebylongreadnanoporebasedsequencingtechnologyonanadultwormfromacaninecardiopulmonarydirofilariosiscase AT luiscardoso denovoassemblyoftheidirofilariaimmitisigenomebylongreadnanoporebasedsequencingtechnologyonanadultwormfromacaninecardiopulmonarydirofilariosiscase AT antoniomunozmerida denovoassemblyoftheidirofilariaimmitisigenomebylongreadnanoporebasedsequencingtechnologyonanadultwormfromacaninecardiopulmonarydirofilariosiscase AT joaormesquita denovoassemblyoftheidirofilariaimmitisigenomebylongreadnanoporebasedsequencingtechnologyonanadultwormfromacaninecardiopulmonarydirofilariosiscase |