Post-Mastectomy Pain: An Updated Overview on Risk Factors, Predictors, and Markers
After breast surgery, women frequently develop chronic post-mastectomy pain (PMP). PMP refers to the occurrence of pain in and around the area of the mastectomy lasting beyond three months after surgery. The nature of factors leading to PMP is not well known. When PMP is refractory to analgesic trea...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Life |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/10/1026 |
| _version_ | 1797514098680791040 |
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| author | Marco Calapai Emanuela Esposito Luisa Puzzo Daniele Alfio Vecchio Rosario Blandino Giuseppe Bova Domenico Quattrone Carmen Mannucci Ilaria Ammendolia Cristina Mondello Sebastiano Gangemi Gioacchino Calapai Luigi Cardia |
| author_facet | Marco Calapai Emanuela Esposito Luisa Puzzo Daniele Alfio Vecchio Rosario Blandino Giuseppe Bova Domenico Quattrone Carmen Mannucci Ilaria Ammendolia Cristina Mondello Sebastiano Gangemi Gioacchino Calapai Luigi Cardia |
| author_sort | Marco Calapai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | After breast surgery, women frequently develop chronic post-mastectomy pain (PMP). PMP refers to the occurrence of pain in and around the area of the mastectomy lasting beyond three months after surgery. The nature of factors leading to PMP is not well known. When PMP is refractory to analgesic treatment, it negatively impacts the lives of patients, increasing emotional stress and disability. For this reason, optimizing the quality of life of patients treated for this pathology has gained more importance. On the basis of the findings and opinions above, we present an overview of risk factors and predictors to be used as potential biomarkers in the personalized management of individual PMP. For this overview, we discuss scientific articles published in peer-reviewed journals written in the English language describing risk factors, predictors, and potential biomarkers associated with chronic pain after breast surgery. Our overview confirms that the identification of women at risk for PMP is fundamental to setting up the best treatment to prevent this outcome. Clinical practice can be planned through the interpretation of genotyping data, choosing drugs, and tailoring doses for each patient with the aim to provide safer and more effective individual analgesic treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:26:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5272e70f491e4de78e0d5d2b25be13ad |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-1729 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:26:49Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Life |
| spelling | doaj.art-5272e70f491e4de78e0d5d2b25be13ad2023-11-22T18:52:21ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292021-09-011110102610.3390/life11101026Post-Mastectomy Pain: An Updated Overview on Risk Factors, Predictors, and MarkersMarco Calapai0Emanuela Esposito1Luisa Puzzo2Daniele Alfio Vecchio3Rosario Blandino4Giuseppe Bova5Domenico Quattrone6Carmen Mannucci7Ilaria Ammendolia8Cristina Mondello9Sebastiano Gangemi10Gioacchino Calapai11Luigi Cardia12Breast Unit, San Vincenzo Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale Messina, 98039 Messina, ItalyGenetics and Pharmacogenetics Unit, Policlinico Universitario “G. Martino”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, ItalyBreast Unit, San Vincenzo Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale Messina, 98039 Messina, ItalyBreast Unit, San Vincenzo Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale Messina, 98039 Messina, ItalyBreast Unit, San Vincenzo Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale Messina, 98039 Messina, ItalyPain Therapy Unit, San Vincenzo Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale Messina, 98039 Messina, ItalyPain Therapy Unit, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano “Bianchi-Melacrino-Morelli”, 89133 Reggio Calabria, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, ItalySchool and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, ItalyAfter breast surgery, women frequently develop chronic post-mastectomy pain (PMP). PMP refers to the occurrence of pain in and around the area of the mastectomy lasting beyond three months after surgery. The nature of factors leading to PMP is not well known. When PMP is refractory to analgesic treatment, it negatively impacts the lives of patients, increasing emotional stress and disability. For this reason, optimizing the quality of life of patients treated for this pathology has gained more importance. On the basis of the findings and opinions above, we present an overview of risk factors and predictors to be used as potential biomarkers in the personalized management of individual PMP. For this overview, we discuss scientific articles published in peer-reviewed journals written in the English language describing risk factors, predictors, and potential biomarkers associated with chronic pain after breast surgery. Our overview confirms that the identification of women at risk for PMP is fundamental to setting up the best treatment to prevent this outcome. Clinical practice can be planned through the interpretation of genotyping data, choosing drugs, and tailoring doses for each patient with the aim to provide safer and more effective individual analgesic treatment.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/10/1026post-mastectomy painpost-mastectomy pain syndromechronic painmastectomyrisk factorspredictors |
| spellingShingle | Marco Calapai Emanuela Esposito Luisa Puzzo Daniele Alfio Vecchio Rosario Blandino Giuseppe Bova Domenico Quattrone Carmen Mannucci Ilaria Ammendolia Cristina Mondello Sebastiano Gangemi Gioacchino Calapai Luigi Cardia Post-Mastectomy Pain: An Updated Overview on Risk Factors, Predictors, and Markers Life post-mastectomy pain post-mastectomy pain syndrome chronic pain mastectomy risk factors predictors |
| title | Post-Mastectomy Pain: An Updated Overview on Risk Factors, Predictors, and Markers |
| title_full | Post-Mastectomy Pain: An Updated Overview on Risk Factors, Predictors, and Markers |
| title_fullStr | Post-Mastectomy Pain: An Updated Overview on Risk Factors, Predictors, and Markers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Post-Mastectomy Pain: An Updated Overview on Risk Factors, Predictors, and Markers |
| title_short | Post-Mastectomy Pain: An Updated Overview on Risk Factors, Predictors, and Markers |
| title_sort | post mastectomy pain an updated overview on risk factors predictors and markers |
| topic | post-mastectomy pain post-mastectomy pain syndrome chronic pain mastectomy risk factors predictors |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/10/1026 |
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