Salivary antibodies induced by BA.4/BA.5-convalescence or bivalent booster Immunoglobulin vaccination protect against novel SARS-COV-2 variants of concern
ABSTRACT Currently, SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5 subvariants BF.7 and BQ.1.1 are rapidly emerging worldwide. To evaluate the SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing capacity of sera and saliva from triple vaccinated individuals, either boosted with an adapted bivalent COVID-19 vaccine or recovered from BA.4/BA.5 infecti...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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American Society for Microbiology
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Microbiology Spectrum |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.01793-23 |
| _version_ | 1827791999512608768 |
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| author | Gabriel Diem Stefanie Dichtl Viktoria Zaderer Cornelia Lass-Flörl Markus Reindl Gaia Lupoli Christopher Dächert Maximilian Muenchhoff Alexander Graf Helmut Blum Oliver T. Keppler Doris Wilflingseder Wilfried Posch |
| author_facet | Gabriel Diem Stefanie Dichtl Viktoria Zaderer Cornelia Lass-Flörl Markus Reindl Gaia Lupoli Christopher Dächert Maximilian Muenchhoff Alexander Graf Helmut Blum Oliver T. Keppler Doris Wilflingseder Wilfried Posch |
| author_sort | Gabriel Diem |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Currently, SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5 subvariants BF.7 and BQ.1.1 are rapidly emerging worldwide. To evaluate the SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing capacity of sera and saliva from triple vaccinated individuals, either boosted with an adapted bivalent COVID-19 vaccine or recovered from BA.4/BA.5 infection, we analyzed the sensitivity of replication-competent SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants BA.4/5, BQ.1.1 and BF.7 to neutralization. Analysis of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgGs and IgAs showed increased serum IgG titers in the vaccinated group, while the serum and salivary IgA levels were comparable. Similar and efficient serum neutralization against the ancestral strain of SARS-CoV-2 and Omicron BA.4/BA.5 was detected in both cohorts, but critically reduced for BQ.1.1 and BF.7. In contrast, salivary neutralization against BA.4/BA.5 was increased in the convalescent compared to the vaccinated group, while salivary neutralizing capacity against BQ.1.1 and BF.7 was comparable in these groups. Further, personalized protective effects studied in a human 3D respiratory model revealed the importance of salivary protection against different Omicron subvariants. IMPORTANCE In BA.4/BA.5-convalescent versus vaccinated groups, salivary neutralization capacity increased against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.4/BA.5. In contrast, it neutralized novel Omicron subvariants BQ.1.1 and BF.7 similarly. Salivary protection against various Omicron subvariants was even more evident when tested in a personalized approach using highly differentiated respiratory human 3D models. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T17:56:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-527ce07995894168987669d2926baf8e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2165-0497 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T17:56:02Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | American Society for Microbiology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microbiology Spectrum |
| spelling | doaj.art-527ce07995894168987669d2926baf8e2023-10-17T13:04:36ZengAmerican Society for MicrobiologyMicrobiology Spectrum2165-04972023-10-0111510.1128/spectrum.01793-23Salivary antibodies induced by BA.4/BA.5-convalescence or bivalent booster Immunoglobulin vaccination protect against novel SARS-COV-2 variants of concernGabriel Diem0Stefanie Dichtl1Viktoria Zaderer2Cornelia Lass-Flörl3Markus Reindl4Gaia Lupoli5Christopher Dächert6Maximilian Muenchhoff7Alexander Graf8Helmut Blum9Oliver T. Keppler10Doris Wilflingseder11Wilfried Posch12Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck, AustriaInstitute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck, AustriaInstitute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck, AustriaInstitute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck, AustriaClinical Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck, AustriaMax von Pettenkofer Institute and Gene Center, Virology, LMU München , Munich, GermanyMax von Pettenkofer Institute and Gene Center, Virology, LMU München , Munich, GermanyMax von Pettenkofer Institute and Gene Center, Virology, LMU München , Munich, GermanyLaboratory for Functional Genome Analysis, Gene Center, LMU München , Munich, GermanyLaboratory for Functional Genome Analysis, Gene Center, LMU München , Munich, GermanyMax von Pettenkofer Institute and Gene Center, Virology, LMU München , Munich, GermanyInstitute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck, AustriaInstitute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck, AustriaABSTRACT Currently, SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5 subvariants BF.7 and BQ.1.1 are rapidly emerging worldwide. To evaluate the SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing capacity of sera and saliva from triple vaccinated individuals, either boosted with an adapted bivalent COVID-19 vaccine or recovered from BA.4/BA.5 infection, we analyzed the sensitivity of replication-competent SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants BA.4/5, BQ.1.1 and BF.7 to neutralization. Analysis of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgGs and IgAs showed increased serum IgG titers in the vaccinated group, while the serum and salivary IgA levels were comparable. Similar and efficient serum neutralization against the ancestral strain of SARS-CoV-2 and Omicron BA.4/BA.5 was detected in both cohorts, but critically reduced for BQ.1.1 and BF.7. In contrast, salivary neutralization against BA.4/BA.5 was increased in the convalescent compared to the vaccinated group, while salivary neutralizing capacity against BQ.1.1 and BF.7 was comparable in these groups. Further, personalized protective effects studied in a human 3D respiratory model revealed the importance of salivary protection against different Omicron subvariants. IMPORTANCE In BA.4/BA.5-convalescent versus vaccinated groups, salivary neutralization capacity increased against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.4/BA.5. In contrast, it neutralized novel Omicron subvariants BQ.1.1 and BF.7 similarly. Salivary protection against various Omicron subvariants was even more evident when tested in a personalized approach using highly differentiated respiratory human 3D models.https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.01793-23SARS-CoV-2variants of concernsalivary antibodiesOmicronvaccinationconvalescence |
| spellingShingle | Gabriel Diem Stefanie Dichtl Viktoria Zaderer Cornelia Lass-Flörl Markus Reindl Gaia Lupoli Christopher Dächert Maximilian Muenchhoff Alexander Graf Helmut Blum Oliver T. Keppler Doris Wilflingseder Wilfried Posch Salivary antibodies induced by BA.4/BA.5-convalescence or bivalent booster Immunoglobulin vaccination protect against novel SARS-COV-2 variants of concern Microbiology Spectrum SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern salivary antibodies Omicron vaccination convalescence |
| title | Salivary antibodies induced by BA.4/BA.5-convalescence or bivalent booster Immunoglobulin vaccination protect against novel SARS-COV-2 variants of concern |
| title_full | Salivary antibodies induced by BA.4/BA.5-convalescence or bivalent booster Immunoglobulin vaccination protect against novel SARS-COV-2 variants of concern |
| title_fullStr | Salivary antibodies induced by BA.4/BA.5-convalescence or bivalent booster Immunoglobulin vaccination protect against novel SARS-COV-2 variants of concern |
| title_full_unstemmed | Salivary antibodies induced by BA.4/BA.5-convalescence or bivalent booster Immunoglobulin vaccination protect against novel SARS-COV-2 variants of concern |
| title_short | Salivary antibodies induced by BA.4/BA.5-convalescence or bivalent booster Immunoglobulin vaccination protect against novel SARS-COV-2 variants of concern |
| title_sort | salivary antibodies induced by ba 4 ba 5 convalescence or bivalent booster immunoglobulin vaccination protect against novel sars cov 2 variants of concern |
| topic | SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern salivary antibodies Omicron vaccination convalescence |
| url | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.01793-23 |
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