Recovery of the Structure and Function of the Pig Manure Bacterial Community after Enrofloxacin Exposure
ABSTRACT At present, growth-promoting antibiotics are banned in the pig industry in many countries, but therapeutic antibiotics can still be used normally. However, the effect of therapeutic antibiotics on the structure and function of the intestinal bacterial community and its recovery is still unc...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
American Society for Microbiology
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Microbiology Spectrum |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.02004-21 |
| _version_ | 1811238119868989440 |
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| author | Tao Chen Gaomiao Xie Jiandui Mi Xin Wen Zhen Cao Baohua Ma Yongde Zou Na Zhang Yan Wang Xindi Liao Yinbao Wu |
| author_facet | Tao Chen Gaomiao Xie Jiandui Mi Xin Wen Zhen Cao Baohua Ma Yongde Zou Na Zhang Yan Wang Xindi Liao Yinbao Wu |
| author_sort | Tao Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT At present, growth-promoting antibiotics are banned in the pig industry in many countries, but therapeutic antibiotics can still be used normally. However, the effect of therapeutic antibiotics on the structure and function of the intestinal bacterial community and its recovery is still unclear. We analyzed the effects of enrofloxacin on the pig manure bacterial community and functional genes during dosing and without dosing. Enrofloxacin caused significant changes in community structure. The changes in the diversity and structure of the bacterial community were the most obvious on the fifth day, and most of the differentially abundant genera (19/29) belonged to Firmicutes. The structure of the manure bacterial community in the low concentration enrofloxacin group was completely reverted after 10 days of drug discontinuation. In addition, enrofloxacin had a significant impact on the abundance of bacterial functional genes. Most of the differentially abundant functional genes of the manure bacterial community were significantly enriched, especially genes related to metabolic pathways, for adaptation to the antibiotic environment. Moreover, exposure to enrofloxacin increased the abundance of functional genes related to nitrogen metabolism in the manure bacterial community, and the total nitrogen content of pig manure was significantly reduced. The functional genetic differences caused by enrofloxacin exposure were completely reverted 10 days after drug discontinuation. The results of the present study suggest that enrofloxacin induces changes in the structure and function of manure bacterial communities, which may be rapidly recovered after drug discontinuation. IMPORTANCE A stable intestinal bacterial community balance is beneficial for animal health. Enrofloxacin is widely used in animal husbandry as a therapeutic drug, but it can cause intestinal environmental imbalance. Enrofloxacin is widely present in groundwater, pork, etc., which leads to a greater risk of human exposure. The effect of enrofloxacin on the structure and function of the intestinal bacterial community and its recovery is still unclear. In this study, we found that enrofloxacin, as a therapeutic drug, can enhance nitrogen metabolism in the manure bacterial community. Moreover, the structure and function of the manure bacterial community in the low concentration enrofloxacin group may be completely reverted 10 days after drug discontinuation. This study provides a reference for the effect of enrofloxacin exposure on the intestinal bacterial community. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T12:36:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-528b94a968734fa398102883c4f128d3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2165-0497 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T12:36:13Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | American Society for Microbiology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microbiology Spectrum |
| spelling | doaj.art-528b94a968734fa398102883c4f128d32022-12-22T03:32:54ZengAmerican Society for MicrobiologyMicrobiology Spectrum2165-04972022-06-0110310.1128/spectrum.02004-21Recovery of the Structure and Function of the Pig Manure Bacterial Community after Enrofloxacin ExposureTao Chen0Gaomiao Xie1Jiandui Mi2Xin Wen3Zhen Cao4Baohua Ma5Yongde Zou6Na Zhang7Yan Wang8Xindi Liao9Yinbao Wu10National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, ChinaWen’s Foodstuff Group Co., Ltd., Yunfu, Xinxing, ChinaFoshan Customs Comprehensive Technology Center, Foshan, Guangdong, ChinaFoshan Customs Comprehensive Technology Center, Foshan, Guangdong, ChinaFoshan Customs Comprehensive Technology Center, Foshan, Guangdong, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, ChinaABSTRACT At present, growth-promoting antibiotics are banned in the pig industry in many countries, but therapeutic antibiotics can still be used normally. However, the effect of therapeutic antibiotics on the structure and function of the intestinal bacterial community and its recovery is still unclear. We analyzed the effects of enrofloxacin on the pig manure bacterial community and functional genes during dosing and without dosing. Enrofloxacin caused significant changes in community structure. The changes in the diversity and structure of the bacterial community were the most obvious on the fifth day, and most of the differentially abundant genera (19/29) belonged to Firmicutes. The structure of the manure bacterial community in the low concentration enrofloxacin group was completely reverted after 10 days of drug discontinuation. In addition, enrofloxacin had a significant impact on the abundance of bacterial functional genes. Most of the differentially abundant functional genes of the manure bacterial community were significantly enriched, especially genes related to metabolic pathways, for adaptation to the antibiotic environment. Moreover, exposure to enrofloxacin increased the abundance of functional genes related to nitrogen metabolism in the manure bacterial community, and the total nitrogen content of pig manure was significantly reduced. The functional genetic differences caused by enrofloxacin exposure were completely reverted 10 days after drug discontinuation. The results of the present study suggest that enrofloxacin induces changes in the structure and function of manure bacterial communities, which may be rapidly recovered after drug discontinuation. IMPORTANCE A stable intestinal bacterial community balance is beneficial for animal health. Enrofloxacin is widely used in animal husbandry as a therapeutic drug, but it can cause intestinal environmental imbalance. Enrofloxacin is widely present in groundwater, pork, etc., which leads to a greater risk of human exposure. The effect of enrofloxacin on the structure and function of the intestinal bacterial community and its recovery is still unclear. In this study, we found that enrofloxacin, as a therapeutic drug, can enhance nitrogen metabolism in the manure bacterial community. Moreover, the structure and function of the manure bacterial community in the low concentration enrofloxacin group may be completely reverted 10 days after drug discontinuation. This study provides a reference for the effect of enrofloxacin exposure on the intestinal bacterial community.https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.02004-21enrofloxacinfunctional genemanure bacterial communitymetagenomic sequencingpig |
| spellingShingle | Tao Chen Gaomiao Xie Jiandui Mi Xin Wen Zhen Cao Baohua Ma Yongde Zou Na Zhang Yan Wang Xindi Liao Yinbao Wu Recovery of the Structure and Function of the Pig Manure Bacterial Community after Enrofloxacin Exposure Microbiology Spectrum enrofloxacin functional gene manure bacterial community metagenomic sequencing pig |
| title | Recovery of the Structure and Function of the Pig Manure Bacterial Community after Enrofloxacin Exposure |
| title_full | Recovery of the Structure and Function of the Pig Manure Bacterial Community after Enrofloxacin Exposure |
| title_fullStr | Recovery of the Structure and Function of the Pig Manure Bacterial Community after Enrofloxacin Exposure |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recovery of the Structure and Function of the Pig Manure Bacterial Community after Enrofloxacin Exposure |
| title_short | Recovery of the Structure and Function of the Pig Manure Bacterial Community after Enrofloxacin Exposure |
| title_sort | recovery of the structure and function of the pig manure bacterial community after enrofloxacin exposure |
| topic | enrofloxacin functional gene manure bacterial community metagenomic sequencing pig |
| url | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.02004-21 |
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