Update on oral Chagas disease outbreaks in Venezuela: epidemiological, clinical and diagnostic approaches
Orally transmitted Chagas disease has become a matter of concern due to outbreaks reported in four Latin American countries. Although several mechanisms for orally transmitted Chagas disease transmission have been proposed, food and beverages contaminated with whole infected triatomines or their fae...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ)
2015-05-01
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| Series: | Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz |
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| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0074-02762015000300377&lng=en&tlng=en |
| _version_ | 1797758504552890368 |
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| author | Belkisyolé Alarcón de Noya Zoraida Díaz-Bello Cecilia Colmenares Raiza Ruiz-Guevara Luciano Mauriello Arturo Muñoz-Calderón Oscar Noya |
| author_facet | Belkisyolé Alarcón de Noya Zoraida Díaz-Bello Cecilia Colmenares Raiza Ruiz-Guevara Luciano Mauriello Arturo Muñoz-Calderón Oscar Noya |
| author_sort | Belkisyolé Alarcón de Noya |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Orally transmitted Chagas disease has become a matter of concern due to outbreaks reported in four Latin American countries. Although several mechanisms for orally transmitted Chagas disease transmission have been proposed, food and beverages contaminated with whole infected triatomines or their faeces, which contain metacyclic trypomastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi, seems to be the primary vehicle. In 2007, the first recognised outbreak of orally transmitted Chagas disease occurred in Venezuela and largest recorded outbreak at that time. Since then, 10 outbreaks (four in Caracas) with 249 cases (73.5% children) and 4% mortality have occurred. The absence of contact with the vector and of traditional cutaneous and Romana’s signs, together with a florid spectrum of clinical manifestations during the acute phase, confuse the diagnosis of orally transmitted Chagas disease with other infectious diseases. The simultaneous detection of IgG and IgM by ELISA and the search for parasites in all individuals at risk have been valuable diagnostic tools for detecting acute cases. Follow-up studies regarding the microepidemics primarily affecting children has resulted in 70% infection persistence six years after anti-parasitic treatment. Panstrongylus geniculatus has been the incriminating vector in most cases. As a food-borne disease, this entity requires epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic approaches that differ from those approaches used for traditional direct or cutaneous vector transmission. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T18:30:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-52c3ec6ad00e4472b09ae78186cfa654 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1678-8060 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T18:30:58Z |
| publishDate | 2015-05-01 |
| publisher | Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz |
| spelling | doaj.art-52c3ec6ad00e4472b09ae78186cfa6542023-08-02T08:19:22ZengFundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ)Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz1678-80602015-05-01110337738610.1590/0074-02760140285S0074-02762015000300377Update on oral Chagas disease outbreaks in Venezuela: epidemiological, clinical and diagnostic approachesBelkisyolé Alarcón de NoyaZoraida Díaz-BelloCecilia ColmenaresRaiza Ruiz-GuevaraLuciano MaurielloArturo Muñoz-CalderónOscar NoyaOrally transmitted Chagas disease has become a matter of concern due to outbreaks reported in four Latin American countries. Although several mechanisms for orally transmitted Chagas disease transmission have been proposed, food and beverages contaminated with whole infected triatomines or their faeces, which contain metacyclic trypomastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi, seems to be the primary vehicle. In 2007, the first recognised outbreak of orally transmitted Chagas disease occurred in Venezuela and largest recorded outbreak at that time. Since then, 10 outbreaks (four in Caracas) with 249 cases (73.5% children) and 4% mortality have occurred. The absence of contact with the vector and of traditional cutaneous and Romana’s signs, together with a florid spectrum of clinical manifestations during the acute phase, confuse the diagnosis of orally transmitted Chagas disease with other infectious diseases. The simultaneous detection of IgG and IgM by ELISA and the search for parasites in all individuals at risk have been valuable diagnostic tools for detecting acute cases. Follow-up studies regarding the microepidemics primarily affecting children has resulted in 70% infection persistence six years after anti-parasitic treatment. Panstrongylus geniculatus has been the incriminating vector in most cases. As a food-borne disease, this entity requires epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic approaches that differ from those approaches used for traditional direct or cutaneous vector transmission.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0074-02762015000300377&lng=en&tlng=enChagas diseaseoral transmissionoutbreaksVenezuela |
| spellingShingle | Belkisyolé Alarcón de Noya Zoraida Díaz-Bello Cecilia Colmenares Raiza Ruiz-Guevara Luciano Mauriello Arturo Muñoz-Calderón Oscar Noya Update on oral Chagas disease outbreaks in Venezuela: epidemiological, clinical and diagnostic approaches Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz Chagas disease oral transmission outbreaks Venezuela |
| title | Update on oral Chagas disease outbreaks in Venezuela: epidemiological, clinical and diagnostic approaches |
| title_full | Update on oral Chagas disease outbreaks in Venezuela: epidemiological, clinical and diagnostic approaches |
| title_fullStr | Update on oral Chagas disease outbreaks in Venezuela: epidemiological, clinical and diagnostic approaches |
| title_full_unstemmed | Update on oral Chagas disease outbreaks in Venezuela: epidemiological, clinical and diagnostic approaches |
| title_short | Update on oral Chagas disease outbreaks in Venezuela: epidemiological, clinical and diagnostic approaches |
| title_sort | update on oral chagas disease outbreaks in venezuela epidemiological clinical and diagnostic approaches |
| topic | Chagas disease oral transmission outbreaks Venezuela |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0074-02762015000300377&lng=en&tlng=en |
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