Information Entropy of Influenza A Segment 7
Information entropy (H) is a measure of uncertainty at each position within in a sequence of nucleotides.H was used to characterize a set of influenza A segment 7 nucleotide sequences. Nucleotide locations of high entropy were identified near the 5’ start of all of the sequences and the sequenc...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2008-11-01
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| Series: | Entropy |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/10/4/736/ |
| _version_ | 1798005755861794816 |
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| author | Joel K. Weltman Shaohua Fan William A. Thompson |
| author_facet | Joel K. Weltman Shaohua Fan William A. Thompson |
| author_sort | Joel K. Weltman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Information entropy (H) is a measure of uncertainty at each position within in a sequence of nucleotides.H was used to characterize a set of influenza A segment 7 nucleotide sequences. Nucleotide locations of high entropy were identified near the 5’ start of all of the sequences and the sequences were assigned to subsets according to synonymous nucleotide variants at those positions: either uracil at position six (U6), cytosine at position six (C6), adenine (A12) at position 12, guanine at position 12 (G12), adenine at position 15 (A15) or cytosine (C15) at position 15. H values were found to be correlated/corresponding (Kendall tau) along the lengths of the nucleotide segments of the subset pairs at each position. However, the H values of each subset of sequences were statistically distinguishable from those of the other member of the pair (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test). The joint probability of uncorrelated distributions of U6 and C6 sequences to viral subtypes and to viral host species was 34 times greater than for the A12:G12 subset pair and 214 times greater than for the A15:C15 pair. This result indicates that the high entropy position six of segment 7 is either a reporter or a sentinel location. The fact that not one of the H5N1 sequences in the dataset was a member of the C6 subset, but all 125 H5N1 sequences are members of the U6 subset suggests a non-random sentinel function. |
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| id | doaj.art-52cb8498c3a74a4287da22c381ebf842 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1099-4300 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:44:08Z |
| publishDate | 2008-11-01 |
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| series | Entropy |
| spelling | doaj.art-52cb8498c3a74a4287da22c381ebf8422022-12-22T04:23:24ZengMDPI AGEntropy1099-43002008-11-0110473674410.3390/e10040736Information Entropy of Influenza A Segment 7Joel K. WeltmanShaohua FanWilliam A. ThompsonInformation entropy (H) is a measure of uncertainty at each position within in a sequence of nucleotides.H was used to characterize a set of influenza A segment 7 nucleotide sequences. Nucleotide locations of high entropy were identified near the 5’ start of all of the sequences and the sequences were assigned to subsets according to synonymous nucleotide variants at those positions: either uracil at position six (U6), cytosine at position six (C6), adenine (A12) at position 12, guanine at position 12 (G12), adenine at position 15 (A15) or cytosine (C15) at position 15. H values were found to be correlated/corresponding (Kendall tau) along the lengths of the nucleotide segments of the subset pairs at each position. However, the H values of each subset of sequences were statistically distinguishable from those of the other member of the pair (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test). The joint probability of uncorrelated distributions of U6 and C6 sequences to viral subtypes and to viral host species was 34 times greater than for the A12:G12 subset pair and 214 times greater than for the A15:C15 pair. This result indicates that the high entropy position six of segment 7 is either a reporter or a sentinel location. The fact that not one of the H5N1 sequences in the dataset was a member of the C6 subset, but all 125 H5N1 sequences are members of the U6 subset suggests a non-random sentinel function.http://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/10/4/736/Influenzainformation entropysegment 7subtypeshostssynonymous mutations |
| spellingShingle | Joel K. Weltman Shaohua Fan William A. Thompson Information Entropy of Influenza A Segment 7 Entropy Influenza information entropy segment 7 subtypes hosts synonymous mutations |
| title | Information Entropy of Influenza A Segment 7 |
| title_full | Information Entropy of Influenza A Segment 7 |
| title_fullStr | Information Entropy of Influenza A Segment 7 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Information Entropy of Influenza A Segment 7 |
| title_short | Information Entropy of Influenza A Segment 7 |
| title_sort | information entropy of influenza a segment 7 |
| topic | Influenza information entropy segment 7 subtypes hosts synonymous mutations |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/10/4/736/ |
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