Characterization of Metabolite Profile in Phyllanthus niruri and Correlation with Bioactivity Elucidated by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Based Metabolomics
Phyllanthus niruri is an important medicinal plant. To standardize the extract and guarantee its maximum benefit, processing methods optimization ought to be amenable and beneficial. Herein, three dried P. niruri samples, air (AD), freeze (FD) and oven (OD), extracted with various ethanol to water r...
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MDPI AG
2017-05-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/22/6/902 |
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| author | Ahmed Mediani Faridah Abas M. Maulidiani Alfi Khatib Chin Ping Tan Intan Safinar Ismail Khozirah Shaari Amin Ismail |
| author_facet | Ahmed Mediani Faridah Abas M. Maulidiani Alfi Khatib Chin Ping Tan Intan Safinar Ismail Khozirah Shaari Amin Ismail |
| author_sort | Ahmed Mediani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Phyllanthus niruri is an important medicinal plant. To standardize the extract and guarantee its maximum benefit, processing methods optimization ought to be amenable and beneficial. Herein, three dried P. niruri samples, air (AD), freeze (FD) and oven (OD), extracted with various ethanol to water ratios (0%, 50%, 70%, 80% and 100%) were evaluated for their metabolite changes using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR)-based metabolomics approach. The amino acids analysis showed that FD P. niruri exhibited higher content of most amino acids compared to the other dried samples. Based on principal component analysis (PCA), the FD P. niruri extracted with 80% ethanol contained higher amounts of hypophyllanthin and phenolic compounds based on the loading plot. The partial least-square (PLS) results showed that the phytochemicals, including hypophyllanthin, catechin, epicatechin, rutin, quercetin and chlorogenic, caffeic, malic and gallic acids were correlated with antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities, which were higher in the FD material extracted with 80% ethanol. This report optimized the effect of drying and ethanol ratios and these findings demonstrate that NMR-based metabolomics was an applicable approach. The FD P. niruri extracted with 80% ethanol can be used as afunctional food ingredient for nutraceutical or in medicinal preparation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-24T05:38:16Z |
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| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-24T05:38:16Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-52cee1a50f994945ab8294c47d20b6ed2022-12-21T17:12:55ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492017-05-0122690210.3390/molecules22060902molecules22060902Characterization of Metabolite Profile in Phyllanthus niruri and Correlation with Bioactivity Elucidated by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Based MetabolomicsAhmed Mediani0Faridah Abas1M. Maulidiani2Alfi Khatib3Chin Ping Tan4Intan Safinar Ismail5Khozirah Shaari6Amin Ismail7Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, MalaysiaLaboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, MalaysiaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, MalaysiaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, MalaysiaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, MalaysiaDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, MalaysiaPhyllanthus niruri is an important medicinal plant. To standardize the extract and guarantee its maximum benefit, processing methods optimization ought to be amenable and beneficial. Herein, three dried P. niruri samples, air (AD), freeze (FD) and oven (OD), extracted with various ethanol to water ratios (0%, 50%, 70%, 80% and 100%) were evaluated for their metabolite changes using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR)-based metabolomics approach. The amino acids analysis showed that FD P. niruri exhibited higher content of most amino acids compared to the other dried samples. Based on principal component analysis (PCA), the FD P. niruri extracted with 80% ethanol contained higher amounts of hypophyllanthin and phenolic compounds based on the loading plot. The partial least-square (PLS) results showed that the phytochemicals, including hypophyllanthin, catechin, epicatechin, rutin, quercetin and chlorogenic, caffeic, malic and gallic acids were correlated with antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities, which were higher in the FD material extracted with 80% ethanol. This report optimized the effect of drying and ethanol ratios and these findings demonstrate that NMR-based metabolomics was an applicable approach. The FD P. niruri extracted with 80% ethanol can be used as afunctional food ingredient for nutraceutical or in medicinal preparation.http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/22/6/902Phyllanthus niruriNMR spectroscopyα-glucosidase inhibitory activityamino acidsmetabolomics |
| spellingShingle | Ahmed Mediani Faridah Abas M. Maulidiani Alfi Khatib Chin Ping Tan Intan Safinar Ismail Khozirah Shaari Amin Ismail Characterization of Metabolite Profile in Phyllanthus niruri and Correlation with Bioactivity Elucidated by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Based Metabolomics Molecules Phyllanthus niruri NMR spectroscopy α-glucosidase inhibitory activity amino acids metabolomics |
| title | Characterization of Metabolite Profile in Phyllanthus niruri and Correlation with Bioactivity Elucidated by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Based Metabolomics |
| title_full | Characterization of Metabolite Profile in Phyllanthus niruri and Correlation with Bioactivity Elucidated by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Based Metabolomics |
| title_fullStr | Characterization of Metabolite Profile in Phyllanthus niruri and Correlation with Bioactivity Elucidated by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Based Metabolomics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterization of Metabolite Profile in Phyllanthus niruri and Correlation with Bioactivity Elucidated by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Based Metabolomics |
| title_short | Characterization of Metabolite Profile in Phyllanthus niruri and Correlation with Bioactivity Elucidated by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Based Metabolomics |
| title_sort | characterization of metabolite profile in phyllanthus niruri and correlation with bioactivity elucidated by nuclear magnetic resonance based metabolomics |
| topic | Phyllanthus niruri NMR spectroscopy α-glucosidase inhibitory activity amino acids metabolomics |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/22/6/902 |
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