The Antibacterial Activities and Characterizations of Biosynthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles, and Their Coated with Alginate Derived from <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i>
Zinc oxide nanoparticles have many advantages for nano-biotechnologists due to their intense biomedical applications. ZnO-NPs are used as antibacterial agents, which influence bacterial cells through the rupture of the cell membrane and the generation of reactive free radicals. Alginate is a polysac...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/10/2335 |
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| author | Ragaa A. Hamouda Asrar A. Alharbi Majdah M. Al-Tuwaijri Rabab R. Makharita |
| author_facet | Ragaa A. Hamouda Asrar A. Alharbi Majdah M. Al-Tuwaijri Rabab R. Makharita |
| author_sort | Ragaa A. Hamouda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Zinc oxide nanoparticles have many advantages for nano-biotechnologists due to their intense biomedical applications. ZnO-NPs are used as antibacterial agents, which influence bacterial cells through the rupture of the cell membrane and the generation of reactive free radicals. Alginate is a polysaccharide of natural origin due to its excellent properties that are used in various biomedical applications. Brown algae are good sources of alginate and are used as a reducing agent in the synthesis of nanoparticles. This study aims to synthesize ZnO-NPs by using brown alga <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i> (Fu/ZnO-NPs) and also to extract alginate from the same alga, which is used in coating the ZnO-NPs (Fu/ZnO-Alg-NCMs). The characterizations of Fu/ZnO-NPs and Fu/ZnO-Alg-NCMs were determined by FTIR, TEM, XRD, and zeta potential. The antibacterial activities were applied against multidrug resistance bacteria of both gram-positive and negative. The results obtained in FT-TR showed there are some shifts in the peak positions of Fu/ZnO-NPs and Fu/ZnO-Alg-NCMs. The peak at 1655 cm<sup>−1</sup>, which assigned amide I-III, is present in both Fu/ZnO-NPs and Fu-Alg-ZnO-NCMs; this band is responsible for bio-reductions and stabilization of both nanoparticles. The TEM images proved the Fu/ZnO-NPs have rod shapes with sizes ranging from 12.68 to 17.66 and are aggregated, but Fu/ZnO/Alg-NCMs are spherical in shape with sizes ranging from 12.13 to 19.77. XRD-cleared Fu/ZnO-NPs have nine sharp peaks that are considered good crystalline, but Fu/ZnO-Alg-NCMs have four broad and sharp peaks that are considered semi-crystalline. Both Fu/ZnO-NPs and Fu/ZnO-Alg-NCMs have negative charges (−1.74 and −3.56, respectively). Fu/ZnO-NPs have more antibacterial activities than Fu/ZnO/Alg-NCMs in all tested multidrug-resistant bacterial strains. Fu/ZnO/Alg-NCMs had no effect on <i>Acinetobacter</i> KY856930, <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>, and <i>Enterobacter aerogenes</i>, whereas there was an apparent effect of ZnO-NPs against the same strains. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:22:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-52d4f6e2369c412c8f8be4f2b590ff06 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:22:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
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| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-52d4f6e2369c412c8f8be4f2b590ff062023-11-18T02:58:37ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602023-05-011510233510.3390/polym15102335The Antibacterial Activities and Characterizations of Biosynthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles, and Their Coated with Alginate Derived from <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i>Ragaa A. Hamouda0Asrar A. Alharbi1Majdah M. Al-Tuwaijri2Rabab R. Makharita3Department of Biology, College of Science and Arts at Khulis, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biology, College of Science and Arts at Khulis, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm-Al-Qura University, Makkah Al-Mukarramah 21955, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biology, College of Science and Arts at Khulis, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi ArabiaZinc oxide nanoparticles have many advantages for nano-biotechnologists due to their intense biomedical applications. ZnO-NPs are used as antibacterial agents, which influence bacterial cells through the rupture of the cell membrane and the generation of reactive free radicals. Alginate is a polysaccharide of natural origin due to its excellent properties that are used in various biomedical applications. Brown algae are good sources of alginate and are used as a reducing agent in the synthesis of nanoparticles. This study aims to synthesize ZnO-NPs by using brown alga <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i> (Fu/ZnO-NPs) and also to extract alginate from the same alga, which is used in coating the ZnO-NPs (Fu/ZnO-Alg-NCMs). The characterizations of Fu/ZnO-NPs and Fu/ZnO-Alg-NCMs were determined by FTIR, TEM, XRD, and zeta potential. The antibacterial activities were applied against multidrug resistance bacteria of both gram-positive and negative. The results obtained in FT-TR showed there are some shifts in the peak positions of Fu/ZnO-NPs and Fu/ZnO-Alg-NCMs. The peak at 1655 cm<sup>−1</sup>, which assigned amide I-III, is present in both Fu/ZnO-NPs and Fu-Alg-ZnO-NCMs; this band is responsible for bio-reductions and stabilization of both nanoparticles. The TEM images proved the Fu/ZnO-NPs have rod shapes with sizes ranging from 12.68 to 17.66 and are aggregated, but Fu/ZnO/Alg-NCMs are spherical in shape with sizes ranging from 12.13 to 19.77. XRD-cleared Fu/ZnO-NPs have nine sharp peaks that are considered good crystalline, but Fu/ZnO-Alg-NCMs have four broad and sharp peaks that are considered semi-crystalline. Both Fu/ZnO-NPs and Fu/ZnO-Alg-NCMs have negative charges (−1.74 and −3.56, respectively). Fu/ZnO-NPs have more antibacterial activities than Fu/ZnO/Alg-NCMs in all tested multidrug-resistant bacterial strains. Fu/ZnO/Alg-NCMs had no effect on <i>Acinetobacter</i> KY856930, <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>, and <i>Enterobacter aerogenes</i>, whereas there was an apparent effect of ZnO-NPs against the same strains.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/10/2335<i>Fucus vesiculosus</i>ZnO-NPsalginatecharacterizationsantibacterial |
| spellingShingle | Ragaa A. Hamouda Asrar A. Alharbi Majdah M. Al-Tuwaijri Rabab R. Makharita The Antibacterial Activities and Characterizations of Biosynthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles, and Their Coated with Alginate Derived from <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i> Polymers <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i> ZnO-NPs alginate characterizations antibacterial |
| title | The Antibacterial Activities and Characterizations of Biosynthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles, and Their Coated with Alginate Derived from <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i> |
| title_full | The Antibacterial Activities and Characterizations of Biosynthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles, and Their Coated with Alginate Derived from <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i> |
| title_fullStr | The Antibacterial Activities and Characterizations of Biosynthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles, and Their Coated with Alginate Derived from <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Antibacterial Activities and Characterizations of Biosynthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles, and Their Coated with Alginate Derived from <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i> |
| title_short | The Antibacterial Activities and Characterizations of Biosynthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles, and Their Coated with Alginate Derived from <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i> |
| title_sort | antibacterial activities and characterizations of biosynthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles and their coated with alginate derived from i fucus vesiculosus i |
| topic | <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i> ZnO-NPs alginate characterizations antibacterial |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/10/2335 |
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