Cu-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Water Hybrid Nanofluid Stagnation Point Flow Past MHD Stretching/Shrinking Sheet in Presence of Homogeneous-Heterogeneous and Convective Boundary Conditions
The intent of this research was to present numerical solutions to homogeneous–heterogeneous reactions of the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stagnation point flow of a Cu-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/water hybrid nanofluid induced by a stretching or shrinking sheet with a convective...
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MDPI AG
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Mathematics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/8/8/1237 |
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| author | Nur Syazana Anuar Norfifah Bachok Ioan Pop |
| author_facet | Nur Syazana Anuar Norfifah Bachok Ioan Pop |
| author_sort | Nur Syazana Anuar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The intent of this research was to present numerical solutions to homogeneous–heterogeneous reactions of the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stagnation point flow of a Cu-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/water hybrid nanofluid induced by a stretching or shrinking sheet with a convective boundary condition. A proper similarity variable was applied to the system of partial differential equations (PDEs) and converted into a system of ordinary (similarity) differential equations (ODEs). These equations were solved using Matlab’s in-built function (bvp4c) for various values of the governing parameters numerically. The present investigation considered the effects of homogeneous–heterogeneous reactions and magnetic field in the hybrid nanofluid flow. It was observed that dual solutions were visible for the shrinking sheet, and an analysis of stability was done to determine the physically realizable in the practice of these solutions. It was also concluded that hybrid nanofluid acts as a cooler for some increasing parameters. The magnetohydrodynamic parameter delayed the boundary layer separation; meanwhile, the nanoparticle volume fraction quickened the separation of the boundary layer that occurred. In addition, the first solution of hybrid nanofluid was found to be stable; meanwhile, the second solution was not stable. This study is therefore valuable for engineers and scientists to get acquainted with the properties of hybrid nanofluid flow, its behavior and the way to predict it. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:09:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-52e235903ee9438781d153ba4731d96d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-7390 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:09:58Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| spelling | doaj.art-52e235903ee9438781d153ba4731d96d2023-11-20T08:09:14ZengMDPI AGMathematics2227-73902020-07-0188123710.3390/math8081237Cu-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Water Hybrid Nanofluid Stagnation Point Flow Past MHD Stretching/Shrinking Sheet in Presence of Homogeneous-Heterogeneous and Convective Boundary ConditionsNur Syazana Anuar0Norfifah Bachok1Ioan Pop2Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, MalaysiaDepartment of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, MalaysiaDepartment of Mathematics, Babes-Bolyai University, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaThe intent of this research was to present numerical solutions to homogeneous–heterogeneous reactions of the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stagnation point flow of a Cu-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/water hybrid nanofluid induced by a stretching or shrinking sheet with a convective boundary condition. A proper similarity variable was applied to the system of partial differential equations (PDEs) and converted into a system of ordinary (similarity) differential equations (ODEs). These equations were solved using Matlab’s in-built function (bvp4c) for various values of the governing parameters numerically. The present investigation considered the effects of homogeneous–heterogeneous reactions and magnetic field in the hybrid nanofluid flow. It was observed that dual solutions were visible for the shrinking sheet, and an analysis of stability was done to determine the physically realizable in the practice of these solutions. It was also concluded that hybrid nanofluid acts as a cooler for some increasing parameters. The magnetohydrodynamic parameter delayed the boundary layer separation; meanwhile, the nanoparticle volume fraction quickened the separation of the boundary layer that occurred. In addition, the first solution of hybrid nanofluid was found to be stable; meanwhile, the second solution was not stable. This study is therefore valuable for engineers and scientists to get acquainted with the properties of hybrid nanofluid flow, its behavior and the way to predict it.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/8/8/1237hybrid nanofluiddual solutionsmagnetohydrodynamicstability analysis |
| spellingShingle | Nur Syazana Anuar Norfifah Bachok Ioan Pop Cu-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Water Hybrid Nanofluid Stagnation Point Flow Past MHD Stretching/Shrinking Sheet in Presence of Homogeneous-Heterogeneous and Convective Boundary Conditions Mathematics hybrid nanofluid dual solutions magnetohydrodynamic stability analysis |
| title | Cu-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Water Hybrid Nanofluid Stagnation Point Flow Past MHD Stretching/Shrinking Sheet in Presence of Homogeneous-Heterogeneous and Convective Boundary Conditions |
| title_full | Cu-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Water Hybrid Nanofluid Stagnation Point Flow Past MHD Stretching/Shrinking Sheet in Presence of Homogeneous-Heterogeneous and Convective Boundary Conditions |
| title_fullStr | Cu-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Water Hybrid Nanofluid Stagnation Point Flow Past MHD Stretching/Shrinking Sheet in Presence of Homogeneous-Heterogeneous and Convective Boundary Conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cu-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Water Hybrid Nanofluid Stagnation Point Flow Past MHD Stretching/Shrinking Sheet in Presence of Homogeneous-Heterogeneous and Convective Boundary Conditions |
| title_short | Cu-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Water Hybrid Nanofluid Stagnation Point Flow Past MHD Stretching/Shrinking Sheet in Presence of Homogeneous-Heterogeneous and Convective Boundary Conditions |
| title_sort | cu al sub 2 sub o sub 3 sub water hybrid nanofluid stagnation point flow past mhd stretching shrinking sheet in presence of homogeneous heterogeneous and convective boundary conditions |
| topic | hybrid nanofluid dual solutions magnetohydrodynamic stability analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/8/8/1237 |
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