Does stream current modify crayfish impacts on a benthic community?
Non-native crayfish can have impacts on stream communities that are highly variable. A possible explanation for this variability is that crayfish are responding in a context-dependent manner to variation in environmental factors. Among the most critical environmental factors in streams is current ve...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Freshwater Ecology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02705060.2019.1656114 |
| _version_ | 1828388556510330880 |
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| author | Todd Wellnitz Drew Frase Margaret Gapinski Hayley Emerson Haggerty |
| author_facet | Todd Wellnitz Drew Frase Margaret Gapinski Hayley Emerson Haggerty |
| author_sort | Todd Wellnitz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Non-native crayfish can have impacts on stream communities that are highly variable. A possible explanation for this variability is that crayfish are responding in a context-dependent manner to variation in environmental factors. Among the most critical environmental factors in streams is current velocity. Moving water defines lotic ecosystems and many benthic organisms, including crayfish, respond to its influence. To examine how current velocity affected the impacts of non-native Orconectes rusticus crayfish on benthic communities, we conducted a cage-enclosure experiment in a Wisconsin stream. We hypothesized that current velocities > 50 cm s−1 would decrease the effects that O. rusticus had on community composition (macroinvertebrate richness and numbers) and physical structure (sediment accumulation). Three cage enclosure treatments (open, closed crayfish and closed control) were grouped into eight replicate blocks divided equally among streambed regions of slow (< 50 cm s−1) and fast (> 50 cm s−1) current. Open cages allowed resident crayfish access, closed crayfish cages contained one O. rusticus, and closed controls had no crayfish. After three weeks, crayfish cages had lower macroinvertebrate abundance and richness and less sediment accumulation. Current velocity showed a positive relationship to macroinvertebrates in general, and a negative relationship to sediment build-up. The most common macroinvertebrates were hydropsychid caddisflies that responded to O. rusticus in a context-dependent manner such that cages containing crayfish had decreased hydropsychid numbers in fast current, but not in slow. Open cage treatments showed a similar pattern, suggesting that natural crayfish densities in the stream were also sufficient for lowering hydropsychid numbers in fast current. Our study demonstrates that current velocity may provide an important context for understanding the effects that O. rusticus have on benthic communities, not just in terms of what these crayfish do, but how the benthic communities respond to their presence. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T06:14:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-52e74415e9a54d3c9711137873e979b3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0270-5060 2156-6941 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T06:14:51Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Freshwater Ecology |
| spelling | doaj.art-52e74415e9a54d3c9711137873e979b32022-12-22T01:59:29ZengTaylor & Francis GroupJournal of Freshwater Ecology0270-50602156-69412019-01-0134163364710.1080/02705060.2019.16561141656114Does stream current modify crayfish impacts on a benthic community?Todd Wellnitz0Drew Frase1Margaret Gapinski2Hayley Emerson Haggerty3University of Wisconsin - Eau ClaireUniversity of Wisconsin - Eau ClaireUniversity of Wisconsin - Eau ClaireUniversity of Wisconsin - Eau ClaireNon-native crayfish can have impacts on stream communities that are highly variable. A possible explanation for this variability is that crayfish are responding in a context-dependent manner to variation in environmental factors. Among the most critical environmental factors in streams is current velocity. Moving water defines lotic ecosystems and many benthic organisms, including crayfish, respond to its influence. To examine how current velocity affected the impacts of non-native Orconectes rusticus crayfish on benthic communities, we conducted a cage-enclosure experiment in a Wisconsin stream. We hypothesized that current velocities > 50 cm s−1 would decrease the effects that O. rusticus had on community composition (macroinvertebrate richness and numbers) and physical structure (sediment accumulation). Three cage enclosure treatments (open, closed crayfish and closed control) were grouped into eight replicate blocks divided equally among streambed regions of slow (< 50 cm s−1) and fast (> 50 cm s−1) current. Open cages allowed resident crayfish access, closed crayfish cages contained one O. rusticus, and closed controls had no crayfish. After three weeks, crayfish cages had lower macroinvertebrate abundance and richness and less sediment accumulation. Current velocity showed a positive relationship to macroinvertebrates in general, and a negative relationship to sediment build-up. The most common macroinvertebrates were hydropsychid caddisflies that responded to O. rusticus in a context-dependent manner such that cages containing crayfish had decreased hydropsychid numbers in fast current, but not in slow. Open cage treatments showed a similar pattern, suggesting that natural crayfish densities in the stream were also sufficient for lowering hydropsychid numbers in fast current. Our study demonstrates that current velocity may provide an important context for understanding the effects that O. rusticus have on benthic communities, not just in terms of what these crayfish do, but how the benthic communities respond to their presence.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02705060.2019.1656114crayfishhydropsyche larvaorconectes rusticus near-bed currentwisconsin stream |
| spellingShingle | Todd Wellnitz Drew Frase Margaret Gapinski Hayley Emerson Haggerty Does stream current modify crayfish impacts on a benthic community? Journal of Freshwater Ecology crayfish hydropsyche larva orconectes rusticus near-bed current wisconsin stream |
| title | Does stream current modify crayfish impacts on a benthic community? |
| title_full | Does stream current modify crayfish impacts on a benthic community? |
| title_fullStr | Does stream current modify crayfish impacts on a benthic community? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Does stream current modify crayfish impacts on a benthic community? |
| title_short | Does stream current modify crayfish impacts on a benthic community? |
| title_sort | does stream current modify crayfish impacts on a benthic community |
| topic | crayfish hydropsyche larva orconectes rusticus near-bed current wisconsin stream |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02705060.2019.1656114 |
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