Is there an affective neuroscience of spirituality? The development and validation of the OCEANic feelings scale
BackgroundOceanic feelings represent a phenomenological structure of affective sensations that characteristically involve feelings of self-dissolution and feelings of unity and transcendence. This study presents the preliminary version of a self-report instrument to measure individual dispositions t...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2024.1329226/full |
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| author | Beate Schmautz Jürgen Fuchshuber Jürgen Fuchshuber Jürgen Fuchshuber Deborah Andres Theresa Prandstätter Lisa Roithmeier Anton Freund Andreas Schwerdtfeger Human-Friedrich Unterrainer Human-Friedrich Unterrainer Human-Friedrich Unterrainer Human-Friedrich Unterrainer |
| author_facet | Beate Schmautz Jürgen Fuchshuber Jürgen Fuchshuber Jürgen Fuchshuber Deborah Andres Theresa Prandstätter Lisa Roithmeier Anton Freund Andreas Schwerdtfeger Human-Friedrich Unterrainer Human-Friedrich Unterrainer Human-Friedrich Unterrainer Human-Friedrich Unterrainer |
| author_sort | Beate Schmautz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundOceanic feelings represent a phenomenological structure of affective sensations that characteristically involve feelings of self-dissolution and feelings of unity and transcendence. This study presents the preliminary version of a self-report instrument to measure individual dispositions toward oceanic feelings in order to enable further research within the concept of primary emotions postulated by Jaak Panksepp.MethodsA first version of the questionnaire was applied to a total sample of 926 German-speaking adults of the general population. After performing item analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) in a first study (N = 300), the questionnaire was shortened. In a second study (N = 626), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted and emerged scales were related to the already established instruments for the assessment of primary emotions (BANPS-GL) and Big Five personality traits (BFI-44).ResultsThe OCEANic scale exhibited reliabilities ranging from Cronbach’s α = 0.82 (positive) to α = 0.88 (negative) and plausible correlations with behavioral traits related to the seven affective neurobiological systems (ANGER, FEAR, CARE, SEEK, PLAY, SADNESS, and LUST) as well as with personality factors measured by the Big Five Inventory. For CFA, a bifactorial model with an overall factor demonstrated good fit: RMSEA = 0.00 (90% CI:0.00, 0.03); TLI = 1.00; CFI = 1.00; NFI = 0.99.DiscussionThe OCEANic scale enables the operationalization of oceanic feelings comprising two subscales and one total scale. The results indicate good reliability and acceptable factorial validity. Establishment and further validation of the OCEANic scale within future research will be needed to fully understand the role of oceanic feelings within the human affective life, especially the personality trait of spirituality. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T13:33:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-52fa0ad48bb24e2aa213891d0646ad53 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5161 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T13:33:17Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-52fa0ad48bb24e2aa213891d0646ad532024-01-17T04:15:21ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Human Neuroscience1662-51612024-01-011810.3389/fnhum.2024.13292261329226Is there an affective neuroscience of spirituality? The development and validation of the OCEANic feelings scaleBeate Schmautz0Jürgen Fuchshuber1Jürgen Fuchshuber2Jürgen Fuchshuber3Deborah Andres4Theresa Prandstätter5Lisa Roithmeier6Anton Freund7Andreas Schwerdtfeger8Human-Friedrich Unterrainer9Human-Friedrich Unterrainer10Human-Friedrich Unterrainer11Human-Friedrich Unterrainer12Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, AustriaCenter for Integrative Addiction Research (CIAR), Grüner Kreis Society, Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, AustriaComprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, AustriaInstitute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, AustriaInstitute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, AustriaInstitute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, AustriaFaculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, AustriaInstitute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, AustriaInstitute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, AustriaCenter for Integrative Addiction Research (CIAR), Grüner Kreis Society, Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, AustriaDepartment of Religious Studies, University of Vienna, Vienna, AustriaBackgroundOceanic feelings represent a phenomenological structure of affective sensations that characteristically involve feelings of self-dissolution and feelings of unity and transcendence. This study presents the preliminary version of a self-report instrument to measure individual dispositions toward oceanic feelings in order to enable further research within the concept of primary emotions postulated by Jaak Panksepp.MethodsA first version of the questionnaire was applied to a total sample of 926 German-speaking adults of the general population. After performing item analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) in a first study (N = 300), the questionnaire was shortened. In a second study (N = 626), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted and emerged scales were related to the already established instruments for the assessment of primary emotions (BANPS-GL) and Big Five personality traits (BFI-44).ResultsThe OCEANic scale exhibited reliabilities ranging from Cronbach’s α = 0.82 (positive) to α = 0.88 (negative) and plausible correlations with behavioral traits related to the seven affective neurobiological systems (ANGER, FEAR, CARE, SEEK, PLAY, SADNESS, and LUST) as well as with personality factors measured by the Big Five Inventory. For CFA, a bifactorial model with an overall factor demonstrated good fit: RMSEA = 0.00 (90% CI:0.00, 0.03); TLI = 1.00; CFI = 1.00; NFI = 0.99.DiscussionThe OCEANic scale enables the operationalization of oceanic feelings comprising two subscales and one total scale. The results indicate good reliability and acceptable factorial validity. Establishment and further validation of the OCEANic scale within future research will be needed to fully understand the role of oceanic feelings within the human affective life, especially the personality trait of spirituality.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2024.1329226/fulloceanic feelingspiritualityaffective neuroscienceprimary emotionstest development |
| spellingShingle | Beate Schmautz Jürgen Fuchshuber Jürgen Fuchshuber Jürgen Fuchshuber Deborah Andres Theresa Prandstätter Lisa Roithmeier Anton Freund Andreas Schwerdtfeger Human-Friedrich Unterrainer Human-Friedrich Unterrainer Human-Friedrich Unterrainer Human-Friedrich Unterrainer Is there an affective neuroscience of spirituality? The development and validation of the OCEANic feelings scale Frontiers in Human Neuroscience oceanic feeling spirituality affective neuroscience primary emotions test development |
| title | Is there an affective neuroscience of spirituality? The development and validation of the OCEANic feelings scale |
| title_full | Is there an affective neuroscience of spirituality? The development and validation of the OCEANic feelings scale |
| title_fullStr | Is there an affective neuroscience of spirituality? The development and validation of the OCEANic feelings scale |
| title_full_unstemmed | Is there an affective neuroscience of spirituality? The development and validation of the OCEANic feelings scale |
| title_short | Is there an affective neuroscience of spirituality? The development and validation of the OCEANic feelings scale |
| title_sort | is there an affective neuroscience of spirituality the development and validation of the oceanic feelings scale |
| topic | oceanic feeling spirituality affective neuroscience primary emotions test development |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2024.1329226/full |
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