Production, physiological response, and calcium and magnesium balance of lactating Holstein cows fed different sources of supplemental magnesium with or without ruminal buffer
ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary replacement of magnesium oxide (MgO) with calcium-magnesium hydroxide [CaMg(OH)2] and its interaction with ruminal buffer (sodium sesquicarbonate) supplementation on production, Ca and Mg balance, and overall physiological...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2023-02-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Dairy Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030222007287 |
| _version_ | 1828057257385918464 |
|---|---|
| author | R.R. Lobo J.A. Arce-Cordero S. So M. Soltis M. Nehme Marinho B.C. Agustinho A.D. Ravelo J.R. Vinyard M.L. Johnson H.F. Monteiro E. Sarmikasoglou A.P. Faciola |
| author_facet | R.R. Lobo J.A. Arce-Cordero S. So M. Soltis M. Nehme Marinho B.C. Agustinho A.D. Ravelo J.R. Vinyard M.L. Johnson H.F. Monteiro E. Sarmikasoglou A.P. Faciola |
| author_sort | R.R. Lobo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary replacement of magnesium oxide (MgO) with calcium-magnesium hydroxide [CaMg(OH)2] and its interaction with ruminal buffer (sodium sesquicarbonate) supplementation on production, Ca and Mg balance, and overall physiological response of mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows. Sixty cows averaging 40.5 ± 7.0 kg of milk/d were used. Treatments were assigned following a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement: (1) MgO, (2) MgO + buffer, (3) CaMg(OH)2, or (4) CaMg(OH)2 + buffer. Diets were formulated to have 16.5% of crude protein, 1.82 Mcal/kg of net energy for lactation, 0.67% Ca, 0.39% P, and 0.25% Mg, all on a dry matter (DM) basis. Treatments were individually top dressed. Milk production, composition, and DM intake were evaluated. A subsample of 20 cows were randomly selected for the evaluation of Ca and Mg balance, blood gases, and electrolytes. Ruminal fluid was also collected for evaluation of pH and Ca and Mg solubility. Effects of Mg source, buffer, and the interaction Mg source × buffer were analyzed through orthogonal contrasts. An interaction of Mg source × buffer was found for DM intake and feed efficiency, in which cows fed CaMg(OH)2 had a similar feed efficiency regardless of ruminal buffer inclusion; however, when cows were fed MgO, the inclusion of buffer reduced feed efficiency. No effects on body weight and milk yield were observed. Buffer addition tended to increase the concentrations of fat, protein, and solids-not-fat, without affecting the yields of these milk components. Magnesium source and buffer did not affect ruminal fluid, blood, urine, or fecal pH; however, buffer supplementation increased urinary pH. Treatment with CaMg(OH)2 increased blood concentration of HCO3−, total CO2, and base excess compared with cows fed MgO. No differences were observed in the ruminal solubility of Ca and Mg or on milk or urinary Ca and Mg excretion. Greater plasma Mg concentration was observed for animals fed MgO compared with cows fed CaMg(OH)2; however, both sources were above the threshold recommended in the literature for dairy cows. Also, a reduction in fecal Mg excretion was observed in animals fed CaMg(OH)2. In summary, we provide evidence that CaMg(OH)2 could replace MgO without affecting performance, overall physiological response, or Ca and Mg balance of mid-lactating dairy Holstein cows. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T21:09:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-53083b1dc5044782b5798883b4694985 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0022-0302 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T21:09:47Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Dairy Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-53083b1dc5044782b5798883b46949852023-01-21T04:19:58ZengElsevierJournal of Dairy Science0022-03022023-02-0110629901001Production, physiological response, and calcium and magnesium balance of lactating Holstein cows fed different sources of supplemental magnesium with or without ruminal bufferR.R. Lobo0J.A. Arce-Cordero1S. So2M. Soltis3M. Nehme Marinho4B.C. Agustinho5A.D. Ravelo6J.R. Vinyard7M.L. Johnson8H.F. Monteiro9E. Sarmikasoglou10A.P. Faciola11Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32608Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32608Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32608; Department of Animal Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Processing, National University of Battambang, Battambang 02352, CambodiaDepartment of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32608; Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37998Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32608Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32608; Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow 83844Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32608; College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32608Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32608Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32608; Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32608Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32608; Corresponding authorABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary replacement of magnesium oxide (MgO) with calcium-magnesium hydroxide [CaMg(OH)2] and its interaction with ruminal buffer (sodium sesquicarbonate) supplementation on production, Ca and Mg balance, and overall physiological response of mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows. Sixty cows averaging 40.5 ± 7.0 kg of milk/d were used. Treatments were assigned following a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement: (1) MgO, (2) MgO + buffer, (3) CaMg(OH)2, or (4) CaMg(OH)2 + buffer. Diets were formulated to have 16.5% of crude protein, 1.82 Mcal/kg of net energy for lactation, 0.67% Ca, 0.39% P, and 0.25% Mg, all on a dry matter (DM) basis. Treatments were individually top dressed. Milk production, composition, and DM intake were evaluated. A subsample of 20 cows were randomly selected for the evaluation of Ca and Mg balance, blood gases, and electrolytes. Ruminal fluid was also collected for evaluation of pH and Ca and Mg solubility. Effects of Mg source, buffer, and the interaction Mg source × buffer were analyzed through orthogonal contrasts. An interaction of Mg source × buffer was found for DM intake and feed efficiency, in which cows fed CaMg(OH)2 had a similar feed efficiency regardless of ruminal buffer inclusion; however, when cows were fed MgO, the inclusion of buffer reduced feed efficiency. No effects on body weight and milk yield were observed. Buffer addition tended to increase the concentrations of fat, protein, and solids-not-fat, without affecting the yields of these milk components. Magnesium source and buffer did not affect ruminal fluid, blood, urine, or fecal pH; however, buffer supplementation increased urinary pH. Treatment with CaMg(OH)2 increased blood concentration of HCO3−, total CO2, and base excess compared with cows fed MgO. No differences were observed in the ruminal solubility of Ca and Mg or on milk or urinary Ca and Mg excretion. Greater plasma Mg concentration was observed for animals fed MgO compared with cows fed CaMg(OH)2; however, both sources were above the threshold recommended in the literature for dairy cows. Also, a reduction in fecal Mg excretion was observed in animals fed CaMg(OH)2. In summary, we provide evidence that CaMg(OH)2 could replace MgO without affecting performance, overall physiological response, or Ca and Mg balance of mid-lactating dairy Holstein cows.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030222007287acid-base balancemagnesium excretionmagnesium hydroxidemagnesium oxide |
| spellingShingle | R.R. Lobo J.A. Arce-Cordero S. So M. Soltis M. Nehme Marinho B.C. Agustinho A.D. Ravelo J.R. Vinyard M.L. Johnson H.F. Monteiro E. Sarmikasoglou A.P. Faciola Production, physiological response, and calcium and magnesium balance of lactating Holstein cows fed different sources of supplemental magnesium with or without ruminal buffer Journal of Dairy Science acid-base balance magnesium excretion magnesium hydroxide magnesium oxide |
| title | Production, physiological response, and calcium and magnesium balance of lactating Holstein cows fed different sources of supplemental magnesium with or without ruminal buffer |
| title_full | Production, physiological response, and calcium and magnesium balance of lactating Holstein cows fed different sources of supplemental magnesium with or without ruminal buffer |
| title_fullStr | Production, physiological response, and calcium and magnesium balance of lactating Holstein cows fed different sources of supplemental magnesium with or without ruminal buffer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Production, physiological response, and calcium and magnesium balance of lactating Holstein cows fed different sources of supplemental magnesium with or without ruminal buffer |
| title_short | Production, physiological response, and calcium and magnesium balance of lactating Holstein cows fed different sources of supplemental magnesium with or without ruminal buffer |
| title_sort | production physiological response and calcium and magnesium balance of lactating holstein cows fed different sources of supplemental magnesium with or without ruminal buffer |
| topic | acid-base balance magnesium excretion magnesium hydroxide magnesium oxide |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030222007287 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT rrlobo productionphysiologicalresponseandcalciumandmagnesiumbalanceoflactatingholsteincowsfeddifferentsourcesofsupplementalmagnesiumwithorwithoutruminalbuffer AT jaarcecordero productionphysiologicalresponseandcalciumandmagnesiumbalanceoflactatingholsteincowsfeddifferentsourcesofsupplementalmagnesiumwithorwithoutruminalbuffer AT sso productionphysiologicalresponseandcalciumandmagnesiumbalanceoflactatingholsteincowsfeddifferentsourcesofsupplementalmagnesiumwithorwithoutruminalbuffer AT msoltis productionphysiologicalresponseandcalciumandmagnesiumbalanceoflactatingholsteincowsfeddifferentsourcesofsupplementalmagnesiumwithorwithoutruminalbuffer AT mnehmemarinho productionphysiologicalresponseandcalciumandmagnesiumbalanceoflactatingholsteincowsfeddifferentsourcesofsupplementalmagnesiumwithorwithoutruminalbuffer AT bcagustinho productionphysiologicalresponseandcalciumandmagnesiumbalanceoflactatingholsteincowsfeddifferentsourcesofsupplementalmagnesiumwithorwithoutruminalbuffer AT adravelo productionphysiologicalresponseandcalciumandmagnesiumbalanceoflactatingholsteincowsfeddifferentsourcesofsupplementalmagnesiumwithorwithoutruminalbuffer AT jrvinyard productionphysiologicalresponseandcalciumandmagnesiumbalanceoflactatingholsteincowsfeddifferentsourcesofsupplementalmagnesiumwithorwithoutruminalbuffer AT mljohnson productionphysiologicalresponseandcalciumandmagnesiumbalanceoflactatingholsteincowsfeddifferentsourcesofsupplementalmagnesiumwithorwithoutruminalbuffer AT hfmonteiro productionphysiologicalresponseandcalciumandmagnesiumbalanceoflactatingholsteincowsfeddifferentsourcesofsupplementalmagnesiumwithorwithoutruminalbuffer AT esarmikasoglou productionphysiologicalresponseandcalciumandmagnesiumbalanceoflactatingholsteincowsfeddifferentsourcesofsupplementalmagnesiumwithorwithoutruminalbuffer AT apfaciola productionphysiologicalresponseandcalciumandmagnesiumbalanceoflactatingholsteincowsfeddifferentsourcesofsupplementalmagnesiumwithorwithoutruminalbuffer |