Impact of Chronic Tetracycline Exposure on Human Intestinal Microbiota in a Continuous Flow Bioreactor Model
Studying potential dietary exposure to antimicrobial drug residues via meat and dairy products is essential to ensure human health and consumer safety. When studying how antimicrobial residues in food impact the development of antimicrobial drug resistance and disrupt normal bacteria community struc...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/8/886 |
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| author | Youngbeom Ahn Ji Young Jung Ohgew Kweon Brian T. Veach Sangeeta Khare Kuppan Gokulan Silvia A. Piñeiro Carl E. Cerniglia |
| author_facet | Youngbeom Ahn Ji Young Jung Ohgew Kweon Brian T. Veach Sangeeta Khare Kuppan Gokulan Silvia A. Piñeiro Carl E. Cerniglia |
| author_sort | Youngbeom Ahn |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Studying potential dietary exposure to antimicrobial drug residues via meat and dairy products is essential to ensure human health and consumer safety. When studying how antimicrobial residues in food impact the development of antimicrobial drug resistance and disrupt normal bacteria community structure in the intestine, there are diverse methodological challenges to overcome. In this study, traditional cultures and molecular analysis techniques were used to determine the effects of tetracycline at chronic subinhibitory exposure levels on human intestinal microbiota using an in vitro continuous flow bioreactor. Six bioreactor culture vessels containing human fecal suspensions were maintained at 37 °C for 7 days. After a steady state was achieved, the suspensions were dosed with 0, 0.015, 0.15, 1.5, 15, or 150 µg/mL tetracycline, respectively. Exposure to 150 µg/mL tetracycline resulted in a decrease of total anaerobic bacteria from 1.9 × 10<sup>7</sup> ± 0.3 × 10<sup>7</sup> down to 2 × 10<sup>6</sup> ± 0.8 × 10<sup>6</sup> CFU/mL. Dose-dependent effects of tetracycline were noted for perturbations of <i>tetB</i> and <i>tetD</i> gene expression and changes in acetate and propionate concentrations. Although no-observed-adverse-effect concentrations differed, depending on the traditional cultures and the molecular analysis techniques used, this in vitro continuous flow bioreactor study contributes to the knowledge base regarding the impact of chronic exposure of tetracycline on human intestinal microbiota. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:04:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5310526589fa4200887199dd5d565ad8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:04:15Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-5310526589fa4200887199dd5d565ad82023-11-22T06:32:46ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822021-07-0110888610.3390/antibiotics10080886Impact of Chronic Tetracycline Exposure on Human Intestinal Microbiota in a Continuous Flow Bioreactor ModelYoungbeom Ahn0Ji Young Jung1Ohgew Kweon2Brian T. Veach3Sangeeta Khare4Kuppan Gokulan5Silvia A. Piñeiro6Carl E. Cerniglia7Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USADivision of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USADivision of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USAOffice of Regulatory Affairs, Arkansas Laboratory, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USADivision of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USADivision of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USADivision of Human Food Safety, Center for Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD 72079, USADivision of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USAStudying potential dietary exposure to antimicrobial drug residues via meat and dairy products is essential to ensure human health and consumer safety. When studying how antimicrobial residues in food impact the development of antimicrobial drug resistance and disrupt normal bacteria community structure in the intestine, there are diverse methodological challenges to overcome. In this study, traditional cultures and molecular analysis techniques were used to determine the effects of tetracycline at chronic subinhibitory exposure levels on human intestinal microbiota using an in vitro continuous flow bioreactor. Six bioreactor culture vessels containing human fecal suspensions were maintained at 37 °C for 7 days. After a steady state was achieved, the suspensions were dosed with 0, 0.015, 0.15, 1.5, 15, or 150 µg/mL tetracycline, respectively. Exposure to 150 µg/mL tetracycline resulted in a decrease of total anaerobic bacteria from 1.9 × 10<sup>7</sup> ± 0.3 × 10<sup>7</sup> down to 2 × 10<sup>6</sup> ± 0.8 × 10<sup>6</sup> CFU/mL. Dose-dependent effects of tetracycline were noted for perturbations of <i>tetB</i> and <i>tetD</i> gene expression and changes in acetate and propionate concentrations. Although no-observed-adverse-effect concentrations differed, depending on the traditional cultures and the molecular analysis techniques used, this in vitro continuous flow bioreactor study contributes to the knowledge base regarding the impact of chronic exposure of tetracycline on human intestinal microbiota.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/8/886tetracyclinechronic exposurehuman intestinal microbiotacontinuous flow bioreactor model |
| spellingShingle | Youngbeom Ahn Ji Young Jung Ohgew Kweon Brian T. Veach Sangeeta Khare Kuppan Gokulan Silvia A. Piñeiro Carl E. Cerniglia Impact of Chronic Tetracycline Exposure on Human Intestinal Microbiota in a Continuous Flow Bioreactor Model Antibiotics tetracycline chronic exposure human intestinal microbiota continuous flow bioreactor model |
| title | Impact of Chronic Tetracycline Exposure on Human Intestinal Microbiota in a Continuous Flow Bioreactor Model |
| title_full | Impact of Chronic Tetracycline Exposure on Human Intestinal Microbiota in a Continuous Flow Bioreactor Model |
| title_fullStr | Impact of Chronic Tetracycline Exposure on Human Intestinal Microbiota in a Continuous Flow Bioreactor Model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of Chronic Tetracycline Exposure on Human Intestinal Microbiota in a Continuous Flow Bioreactor Model |
| title_short | Impact of Chronic Tetracycline Exposure on Human Intestinal Microbiota in a Continuous Flow Bioreactor Model |
| title_sort | impact of chronic tetracycline exposure on human intestinal microbiota in a continuous flow bioreactor model |
| topic | tetracycline chronic exposure human intestinal microbiota continuous flow bioreactor model |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/8/886 |
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