Infection-Induced Retrotransposon-Derived Noncoding RNAs Enhance Herpesviral Gene Expression via the NF-κB Pathway.
Short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs) are highly abundant, RNA polymerase III-transcribed noncoding retrotransposons that are silenced in somatic cells but activated during certain stresses including viral infection. How these induced SINE RNAs impact the host-pathogen interaction is unknown....
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2015-01-01
|
| Series: | PLoS Pathogens |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4652899?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1817968801929494528 |
|---|---|
| author | John Karijolich Emma Abernathy Britt A Glaunsinger |
| author_facet | John Karijolich Emma Abernathy Britt A Glaunsinger |
| author_sort | John Karijolich |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs) are highly abundant, RNA polymerase III-transcribed noncoding retrotransposons that are silenced in somatic cells but activated during certain stresses including viral infection. How these induced SINE RNAs impact the host-pathogen interaction is unknown. Here we reveal that during murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV68) infection, rapidly induced SINE RNAs activate the antiviral NF-κB signaling pathway through both mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS)-dependent and independent mechanisms. However, SINE RNA-based signaling is hijacked by the virus to enhance viral gene expression and replication. B2 RNA expression stimulates IKKβ-dependent phosphorylation of the major viral lytic cycle transactivator protein RTA, thereby enhancing its activity and increasing progeny virion production. Collectively, these findings suggest that SINE RNAs participate in the innate pathogen response mechanism, but that herpesviruses have evolved to co-opt retrotransposon activation for viral benefit. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T20:13:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-53139d55653242dfa2566484e2cd174e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1553-7366 1553-7374 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T20:13:37Z |
| publishDate | 2015-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-53139d55653242dfa2566484e2cd174e2022-12-22T02:31:46ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Pathogens1553-73661553-73742015-01-011111e100526010.1371/journal.ppat.1005260Infection-Induced Retrotransposon-Derived Noncoding RNAs Enhance Herpesviral Gene Expression via the NF-κB Pathway.John KarijolichEmma AbernathyBritt A GlaunsingerShort interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs) are highly abundant, RNA polymerase III-transcribed noncoding retrotransposons that are silenced in somatic cells but activated during certain stresses including viral infection. How these induced SINE RNAs impact the host-pathogen interaction is unknown. Here we reveal that during murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV68) infection, rapidly induced SINE RNAs activate the antiviral NF-κB signaling pathway through both mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS)-dependent and independent mechanisms. However, SINE RNA-based signaling is hijacked by the virus to enhance viral gene expression and replication. B2 RNA expression stimulates IKKβ-dependent phosphorylation of the major viral lytic cycle transactivator protein RTA, thereby enhancing its activity and increasing progeny virion production. Collectively, these findings suggest that SINE RNAs participate in the innate pathogen response mechanism, but that herpesviruses have evolved to co-opt retrotransposon activation for viral benefit.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4652899?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | John Karijolich Emma Abernathy Britt A Glaunsinger Infection-Induced Retrotransposon-Derived Noncoding RNAs Enhance Herpesviral Gene Expression via the NF-κB Pathway. PLoS Pathogens |
| title | Infection-Induced Retrotransposon-Derived Noncoding RNAs Enhance Herpesviral Gene Expression via the NF-κB Pathway. |
| title_full | Infection-Induced Retrotransposon-Derived Noncoding RNAs Enhance Herpesviral Gene Expression via the NF-κB Pathway. |
| title_fullStr | Infection-Induced Retrotransposon-Derived Noncoding RNAs Enhance Herpesviral Gene Expression via the NF-κB Pathway. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Infection-Induced Retrotransposon-Derived Noncoding RNAs Enhance Herpesviral Gene Expression via the NF-κB Pathway. |
| title_short | Infection-Induced Retrotransposon-Derived Noncoding RNAs Enhance Herpesviral Gene Expression via the NF-κB Pathway. |
| title_sort | infection induced retrotransposon derived noncoding rnas enhance herpesviral gene expression via the nf κb pathway |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4652899?pdf=render |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT johnkarijolich infectioninducedretrotransposonderivednoncodingrnasenhanceherpesviralgeneexpressionviathenfkbpathway AT emmaabernathy infectioninducedretrotransposonderivednoncodingrnasenhanceherpesviralgeneexpressionviathenfkbpathway AT brittaglaunsinger infectioninducedretrotransposonderivednoncodingrnasenhanceherpesviralgeneexpressionviathenfkbpathway |