Evolution of Terrace Farming and External Factors of Terrace Protection Measures: A Case Study of Hani Terraces
As an important global cultural heritage, terraced fields are currently facing abandonment and being transformed into dry land. This study explores the influence of a foreseeable external intervention on terrace protection measures by using the Honghe Hani Terraces in Yunnan, which are a world cultu...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | zho |
| Published: |
Editorial Committee of Tropical Geography
2021-03-01
|
| Series: | Redai dili |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.rddl.com.cn/CN/10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.003326 |
| _version_ | 1819292248621187072 |
|---|---|
| author | Zhou Zongjun Bao Jigang Weng Shixiu |
| author_facet | Zhou Zongjun Bao Jigang Weng Shixiu |
| author_sort | Zhou Zongjun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | As an important global cultural heritage, terraced fields are currently facing abandonment and being transformed into dry land. This study explores the influence of a foreseeable external intervention on terrace protection measures by using the Honghe Hani Terraces in Yunnan, which are a world cultural heritage site, as an example. According to the land use vector data obtained by the Yuanyang County Natural Resources Bureau, the land-use information of Yuanyang County and the core scenic area of the terraced fields during 2013-2018 were extracted through the geographic information system technology to further explore the influence of external forces on the protection of paddy fields in the core area of terraced fields. This paper uses extreme rent theory to explain the evolutionary logic of terrace farming, explaining the effect of external force intervention by the government through field research. This study has two primary results. First, the proportion of cultivated land in the core area of terraces was larger than that in Yuanyang County; the paddy field section in the core area is twice the size of the dryland area, indicating that the paddy field in the core area is better protected than that in the non-core area. In terms of the spatial and temporal dynamic evolution of land types, the area of dry and construction lands increased the most in Yuanyang County from 2013 to 2018, while that of the paddy fields and garden land showed a decreasing trend. It can also be concluded that the intensity of farming activities on the paddy fields decreased throughout Yuanyang County, with paddy fields drying to some extent. However, the land type in the core area of the terraced fields was relatively stable; it is speculated that the large-scale traditional agricultural production mode has been retained. Second, according to the current land-use situation, the influence of external force intervention on terrace farming was analyzed by consulting different theories, field studies, and interviews. Differential rent theory summarizes the two forms of land rent model without outside intervention and under natural conditions. Land value is only included in differential rent Ⅰ as financially rational male villagers prefer the more economical dry land crops (non-core), while OuDeGai drought or migrant workers prefer abandoned crops (core). The land value is only reflected in the differential rent I. As a rational economic man, the villagers prefer to grow dry land cash crops (to change drought in non-core areas) or to go out for work (abandon farming in core areas). When considering urbanization, internal national cultural forces (local attachment and insecurity) show inertia resistance and vulnerability, rendering it difficult to guarantee the long-term cultural inheritance of terraced fields when relying on traditional forces. In contrast, based on its political responsibilities and the demand of the people, the government intervened in the core area in a prescient way. By hosting major events applying for World Cultural Heritage to attract investment, the land value in the core area has been increased, terraces in the core area are being successfully protected and managed, and disappearance or alteration of this cultural heritage has been effectively delayed. However, in the non-core area, there is no foreseeable external force intervention, and the terraced fields show a trend of gradual disappearance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-24T03:51:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5325327b0ff7460c879afa52ea8de64c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1001-5221 |
| language | zho |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-24T03:51:31Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | Editorial Committee of Tropical Geography |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Redai dili |
| spelling | doaj.art-5325327b0ff7460c879afa52ea8de64c2022-12-21T17:16:34ZzhoEditorial Committee of Tropical GeographyRedai dili1001-52212021-03-0141238839710.13284/j.cnki.rddl.0033261001-5221(2021)02-0388-10Evolution of Terrace Farming and External Factors of Terrace Protection Measures: A Case Study of Hani TerracesZhou Zongjun0Bao Jigang1Weng Shixiu2School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, ChinaSchool of Tourism Management, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, ChinaSchool of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, ChinaAs an important global cultural heritage, terraced fields are currently facing abandonment and being transformed into dry land. This study explores the influence of a foreseeable external intervention on terrace protection measures by using the Honghe Hani Terraces in Yunnan, which are a world cultural heritage site, as an example. According to the land use vector data obtained by the Yuanyang County Natural Resources Bureau, the land-use information of Yuanyang County and the core scenic area of the terraced fields during 2013-2018 were extracted through the geographic information system technology to further explore the influence of external forces on the protection of paddy fields in the core area of terraced fields. This paper uses extreme rent theory to explain the evolutionary logic of terrace farming, explaining the effect of external force intervention by the government through field research. This study has two primary results. First, the proportion of cultivated land in the core area of terraces was larger than that in Yuanyang County; the paddy field section in the core area is twice the size of the dryland area, indicating that the paddy field in the core area is better protected than that in the non-core area. In terms of the spatial and temporal dynamic evolution of land types, the area of dry and construction lands increased the most in Yuanyang County from 2013 to 2018, while that of the paddy fields and garden land showed a decreasing trend. It can also be concluded that the intensity of farming activities on the paddy fields decreased throughout Yuanyang County, with paddy fields drying to some extent. However, the land type in the core area of the terraced fields was relatively stable; it is speculated that the large-scale traditional agricultural production mode has been retained. Second, according to the current land-use situation, the influence of external force intervention on terrace farming was analyzed by consulting different theories, field studies, and interviews. Differential rent theory summarizes the two forms of land rent model without outside intervention and under natural conditions. Land value is only included in differential rent Ⅰ as financially rational male villagers prefer the more economical dry land crops (non-core), while OuDeGai drought or migrant workers prefer abandoned crops (core). The land value is only reflected in the differential rent I. As a rational economic man, the villagers prefer to grow dry land cash crops (to change drought in non-core areas) or to go out for work (abandon farming in core areas). When considering urbanization, internal national cultural forces (local attachment and insecurity) show inertia resistance and vulnerability, rendering it difficult to guarantee the long-term cultural inheritance of terraced fields when relying on traditional forces. In contrast, based on its political responsibilities and the demand of the people, the government intervened in the core area in a prescient way. By hosting major events applying for World Cultural Heritage to attract investment, the land value in the core area has been increased, terraces in the core area are being successfully protected and managed, and disappearance or alteration of this cultural heritage has been effectively delayed. However, in the non-core area, there is no foreseeable external force intervention, and the terraced fields show a trend of gradual disappearance.http://www.rddl.com.cn/CN/10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.003326hani terrace heritagedifferential rentexternal interventionterrace preservation |
| spellingShingle | Zhou Zongjun Bao Jigang Weng Shixiu Evolution of Terrace Farming and External Factors of Terrace Protection Measures: A Case Study of Hani Terraces Redai dili hani terrace heritage differential rent external intervention terrace preservation |
| title | Evolution of Terrace Farming and External Factors of Terrace Protection Measures: A Case Study of Hani Terraces |
| title_full | Evolution of Terrace Farming and External Factors of Terrace Protection Measures: A Case Study of Hani Terraces |
| title_fullStr | Evolution of Terrace Farming and External Factors of Terrace Protection Measures: A Case Study of Hani Terraces |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evolution of Terrace Farming and External Factors of Terrace Protection Measures: A Case Study of Hani Terraces |
| title_short | Evolution of Terrace Farming and External Factors of Terrace Protection Measures: A Case Study of Hani Terraces |
| title_sort | evolution of terrace farming and external factors of terrace protection measures a case study of hani terraces |
| topic | hani terrace heritage differential rent external intervention terrace preservation |
| url | http://www.rddl.com.cn/CN/10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.003326 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zhouzongjun evolutionofterracefarmingandexternalfactorsofterraceprotectionmeasuresacasestudyofhaniterraces AT baojigang evolutionofterracefarmingandexternalfactorsofterraceprotectionmeasuresacasestudyofhaniterraces AT wengshixiu evolutionofterracefarmingandexternalfactorsofterraceprotectionmeasuresacasestudyofhaniterraces |