Antimicrobial Use and Antimicrobial Resistance: A Population Perspective
The need to stem the growing problem of antimicrobial resistance has prompted multiple, sometimes conflicting, calls for changes in the use of antimicrobial agents. One source of disagreement concerns the major mechanisms by which antibiotics select resistant strains. For infections like tuberculosi...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2002-04-01
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| Series: | Emerging Infectious Diseases |
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| Online Access: | https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/8/4/01-0312_article |
| _version_ | 1819087442100092928 |
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| author | Marc Lipsitch Matthew H. Samore |
| author_facet | Marc Lipsitch Matthew H. Samore |
| author_sort | Marc Lipsitch |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The need to stem the growing problem of antimicrobial resistance has prompted multiple, sometimes conflicting, calls for changes in the use of antimicrobial agents. One source of disagreement concerns the major mechanisms by which antibiotics select resistant strains. For infections like tuberculosis, in which resistance can emerge in treated hosts through mutation, prevention of antimicrobial resistance in individual hosts is a primary method of preventing the spread of resistant organisms in the community. By contrast, for many other important resistant pathogens, such as penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium resistance is mediated by the acquisition of genes or gene fragments by horizontal transfer; resistance in the treated host is a relatively rare event. For these organisms, indirect, population-level mechanisms of selection account for the increase in the prevalence of resistance. These mechanisms can operate even when treatment has a modest, or even negative, effect on an individual host’s colonization with resistant organisms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T21:36:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-532d7455c58f4a11829d8be82635fd8b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1080-6040 1080-6059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T21:36:12Z |
| publishDate | 2002-04-01 |
| publisher | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Emerging Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-532d7455c58f4a11829d8be82635fd8b2022-12-21T18:49:29ZengCenters for Disease Control and PreventionEmerging Infectious Diseases1080-60401080-60592002-04-018434735410.3201/eid0804.010312Antimicrobial Use and Antimicrobial Resistance: A Population PerspectiveMarc LipsitchMatthew H. SamoreThe need to stem the growing problem of antimicrobial resistance has prompted multiple, sometimes conflicting, calls for changes in the use of antimicrobial agents. One source of disagreement concerns the major mechanisms by which antibiotics select resistant strains. For infections like tuberculosis, in which resistance can emerge in treated hosts through mutation, prevention of antimicrobial resistance in individual hosts is a primary method of preventing the spread of resistant organisms in the community. By contrast, for many other important resistant pathogens, such as penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium resistance is mediated by the acquisition of genes or gene fragments by horizontal transfer; resistance in the treated host is a relatively rare event. For these organisms, indirect, population-level mechanisms of selection account for the increase in the prevalence of resistance. These mechanisms can operate even when treatment has a modest, or even negative, effect on an individual host’s colonization with resistant organisms.https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/8/4/01-0312_articleAntimicrobial resistanceecological studyepidemiologic methodsinfectious disease transmissionmathematical modelpopulation dynamics |
| spellingShingle | Marc Lipsitch Matthew H. Samore Antimicrobial Use and Antimicrobial Resistance: A Population Perspective Emerging Infectious Diseases Antimicrobial resistance ecological study epidemiologic methods infectious disease transmission mathematical model population dynamics |
| title | Antimicrobial Use and Antimicrobial Resistance: A Population Perspective |
| title_full | Antimicrobial Use and Antimicrobial Resistance: A Population Perspective |
| title_fullStr | Antimicrobial Use and Antimicrobial Resistance: A Population Perspective |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antimicrobial Use and Antimicrobial Resistance: A Population Perspective |
| title_short | Antimicrobial Use and Antimicrobial Resistance: A Population Perspective |
| title_sort | antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance a population perspective |
| topic | Antimicrobial resistance ecological study epidemiologic methods infectious disease transmission mathematical model population dynamics |
| url | https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/8/4/01-0312_article |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT marclipsitch antimicrobialuseandantimicrobialresistanceapopulationperspective AT matthewhsamore antimicrobialuseandantimicrobialresistanceapopulationperspective |