Household catastrophic health expenditure and its effective factors: a case of Iran
Abstract Background The World Health Organization (WHO) has placed special emphasis on protecting households from health care expenditures. Many households face catastrophic health expenditures (CHEs) from a combination of economic poverty and financing the treatment of medical conditions. The prese...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12962-021-00315-2 |
| _version_ | 1828920110687977472 |
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| author | Ramin Ravangard Faride Sadat Jalali Mohsen Bayati Andrew J. Palmer Abdosaleh Jafari Peivand Bastani |
| author_facet | Ramin Ravangard Faride Sadat Jalali Mohsen Bayati Andrew J. Palmer Abdosaleh Jafari Peivand Bastani |
| author_sort | Ramin Ravangard |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The World Health Organization (WHO) has placed special emphasis on protecting households from health care expenditures. Many households face catastrophic health expenditures (CHEs) from a combination of economic poverty and financing the treatment of medical conditions. The present study aimed to measure the percentage of households facing catastrophic CHEs and the factors associated with the occurrence of CHEs in Shiraz, Iran in 2018. Methods The present cross-sectional study was performed on 740 randomly selected households from different districts of Shiraz, Iran in 2018 using a multi-stage sampling method. Data were collected using the Persian version of the “WHO Global Health Survey” questionnaire. CHEs were defined as health expenditures exceeding 40% of households’ capacity to pay. Households living below the poverty line before paying for health services were excluded from the study. The associations between the households’ characteristics and facing CHEs were determined using the Chi-Square test as well as multiple logistic regression modeling in SPSS 23.0 at the significance level of 5%. Results The results showed that 16.48% of studied households had faced CHEs. The higher odds of facing CHEs were observed in the households living in rented houses (OR = 3.14, P-value < 0.001), households with disabled members (OR = 27.98, P-value < 0.001), households with children under 5 years old (OR = 2.718, P-value = 0.02), and those without supplementary health insurance coverage (OR = 1.87, P-value = 0.01). Conclusion CHEs may be reduced by increasing the use of supplementary health insurance coverage by individuals and households, increasing the support of the Social Security and the State Welfare Organizations for households with disabled members, developing programs such as the Integrated Child Care Programs, and setting home rental policies and housing policies for tenants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T21:39:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-532fea28405e40a3bc3e0d112815183b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1478-7547 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T21:39:38Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation |
| spelling | doaj.art-532fea28405e40a3bc3e0d112815183b2022-12-21T23:30:34ZengBMCCost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation1478-75472021-09-011911810.1186/s12962-021-00315-2Household catastrophic health expenditure and its effective factors: a case of IranRamin Ravangard0Faride Sadat Jalali1Mohsen Bayati2Andrew J. Palmer3Abdosaleh Jafari4Peivand Bastani5Health Human Resources Research Centre, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesStudent Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesHealth Human Resources Research Centre, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesMenzies Institute for Medical Research, University of TasmaniaHealth Human Resources Research Centre, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesHealth Human Resources Research Centre, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesAbstract Background The World Health Organization (WHO) has placed special emphasis on protecting households from health care expenditures. Many households face catastrophic health expenditures (CHEs) from a combination of economic poverty and financing the treatment of medical conditions. The present study aimed to measure the percentage of households facing catastrophic CHEs and the factors associated with the occurrence of CHEs in Shiraz, Iran in 2018. Methods The present cross-sectional study was performed on 740 randomly selected households from different districts of Shiraz, Iran in 2018 using a multi-stage sampling method. Data were collected using the Persian version of the “WHO Global Health Survey” questionnaire. CHEs were defined as health expenditures exceeding 40% of households’ capacity to pay. Households living below the poverty line before paying for health services were excluded from the study. The associations between the households’ characteristics and facing CHEs were determined using the Chi-Square test as well as multiple logistic regression modeling in SPSS 23.0 at the significance level of 5%. Results The results showed that 16.48% of studied households had faced CHEs. The higher odds of facing CHEs were observed in the households living in rented houses (OR = 3.14, P-value < 0.001), households with disabled members (OR = 27.98, P-value < 0.001), households with children under 5 years old (OR = 2.718, P-value = 0.02), and those without supplementary health insurance coverage (OR = 1.87, P-value = 0.01). Conclusion CHEs may be reduced by increasing the use of supplementary health insurance coverage by individuals and households, increasing the support of the Social Security and the State Welfare Organizations for households with disabled members, developing programs such as the Integrated Child Care Programs, and setting home rental policies and housing policies for tenants.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12962-021-00315-2Catastrophic Health ExpendituresOut-of-pocket paymentsFinancial contribution |
| spellingShingle | Ramin Ravangard Faride Sadat Jalali Mohsen Bayati Andrew J. Palmer Abdosaleh Jafari Peivand Bastani Household catastrophic health expenditure and its effective factors: a case of Iran Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation Catastrophic Health Expenditures Out-of-pocket payments Financial contribution |
| title | Household catastrophic health expenditure and its effective factors: a case of Iran |
| title_full | Household catastrophic health expenditure and its effective factors: a case of Iran |
| title_fullStr | Household catastrophic health expenditure and its effective factors: a case of Iran |
| title_full_unstemmed | Household catastrophic health expenditure and its effective factors: a case of Iran |
| title_short | Household catastrophic health expenditure and its effective factors: a case of Iran |
| title_sort | household catastrophic health expenditure and its effective factors a case of iran |
| topic | Catastrophic Health Expenditures Out-of-pocket payments Financial contribution |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12962-021-00315-2 |
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