5-Aminolevulinic acid: A matter of life and caveats
Our mini-review concerns the potential adverse pro-oxidant role of 5-aminolevulinic (ALA), the first protoporphyrin IX (PP-IX)/heme precursor widely used in commercial formulations for endogenous photodynamic therapy (PDT). Our account collates the two sides of (i) ALA aerobic oxidation as a source...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2021-09-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266646902100021X |
| _version_ | 1819090920279113728 |
|---|---|
| author | Etelvino J.H. Bechara Luiz D. Ramos Cassius V. Stevani |
| author_facet | Etelvino J.H. Bechara Luiz D. Ramos Cassius V. Stevani |
| author_sort | Etelvino J.H. Bechara |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Our mini-review concerns the potential adverse pro-oxidant role of 5-aminolevulinic (ALA), the first protoporphyrin IX (PP-IX)/heme precursor widely used in commercial formulations for endogenous photodynamic therapy (PDT). Our account collates the two sides of (i) ALA aerobic oxidation as a source of H2O2 and radicals when accumulated in acute intermittent porphyria (AIP), hereditary tyrosinemia type 1 (HT1), and lead poisoning, thereby triggering similar biochemical damage and symptoms and (ii) the central role of PP-IX as the immediate precursor of the heme prosthetic group of key proteins and enzymes (hemoglobin, myoglobin, cytochromes, catalase, and others). Conversely, PP-IX induces skin photodamage when accumulated in sun-exposed erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) patients. Furthermore, we highlight the harnessing of such antithetical ALA and PP-IX properties to design efficient PDT and insecticidal strategies. Research on ALA-based PDT photosensitizers calls for more attention on the deleterious action of excess ALA, whose main target is the mitochondrion. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T22:31:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5332873eb4a24824bc35878324c9e7b8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2666-4690 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T22:31:29Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-5332873eb4a24824bc35878324c9e7b82022-12-21T18:48:05ZengElsevierJournal of Photochemistry and Photobiology2666-46902021-09-0171000365-Aminolevulinic acid: A matter of life and caveatsEtelvino J.H. Bechara0Luiz D. Ramos1Cassius V. Stevani2Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Corresponding author.Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Centro Universitário Anhanguera, UniA, Santo André, SP, BrazilDepartamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, BrazilOur mini-review concerns the potential adverse pro-oxidant role of 5-aminolevulinic (ALA), the first protoporphyrin IX (PP-IX)/heme precursor widely used in commercial formulations for endogenous photodynamic therapy (PDT). Our account collates the two sides of (i) ALA aerobic oxidation as a source of H2O2 and radicals when accumulated in acute intermittent porphyria (AIP), hereditary tyrosinemia type 1 (HT1), and lead poisoning, thereby triggering similar biochemical damage and symptoms and (ii) the central role of PP-IX as the immediate precursor of the heme prosthetic group of key proteins and enzymes (hemoglobin, myoglobin, cytochromes, catalase, and others). Conversely, PP-IX induces skin photodamage when accumulated in sun-exposed erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) patients. Furthermore, we highlight the harnessing of such antithetical ALA and PP-IX properties to design efficient PDT and insecticidal strategies. Research on ALA-based PDT photosensitizers calls for more attention on the deleterious action of excess ALA, whose main target is the mitochondrion.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266646902100021X5-aminolevulinic acidProtoporphyrin IXPorphyriaOxidative stressPhotodamage |
| spellingShingle | Etelvino J.H. Bechara Luiz D. Ramos Cassius V. Stevani 5-Aminolevulinic acid: A matter of life and caveats Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology 5-aminolevulinic acid Protoporphyrin IX Porphyria Oxidative stress Photodamage |
| title | 5-Aminolevulinic acid: A matter of life and caveats |
| title_full | 5-Aminolevulinic acid: A matter of life and caveats |
| title_fullStr | 5-Aminolevulinic acid: A matter of life and caveats |
| title_full_unstemmed | 5-Aminolevulinic acid: A matter of life and caveats |
| title_short | 5-Aminolevulinic acid: A matter of life and caveats |
| title_sort | 5 aminolevulinic acid a matter of life and caveats |
| topic | 5-aminolevulinic acid Protoporphyrin IX Porphyria Oxidative stress Photodamage |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266646902100021X |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT etelvinojhbechara 5aminolevulinicacidamatteroflifeandcaveats AT luizdramos 5aminolevulinicacidamatteroflifeandcaveats AT cassiusvstevani 5aminolevulinicacidamatteroflifeandcaveats |