CSM-CERES-Wheat Sensitivity to Evapotranspiration Modeling Frameworks under a Range of Wind Speeds
Crop modeling uncertainty is expected to be high under weather data limitations; thus, jeopardizing decision-making on food-water security. Missing near-surface wind speed (u<sub>2</sub>) data required to accurately estimate reference evapotranspiration (ET<sub>o</sub>) seeme...
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/19/3023 |
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| author | Milad Nouri Gerrit Hoogenboom Mohammad Bannayan Mehdi Homaee |
| author_facet | Milad Nouri Gerrit Hoogenboom Mohammad Bannayan Mehdi Homaee |
| author_sort | Milad Nouri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Crop modeling uncertainty is expected to be high under weather data limitations; thus, jeopardizing decision-making on food-water security. Missing near-surface wind speed (u<sub>2</sub>) data required to accurately estimate reference evapotranspiration (ET<sub>o</sub>) seemed to significantly affect both the potential evapotranspiration (ET<sub>P</sub>) and yield simulations for data-scarce windy regions. In this study, the uncertainty in crop modeling based on different ET<sub>P</sub> approaches was assessed. In this regard, wheat yield and evapotranspiration were simulated with the CSM-CERES-Wheat model using either the Priestley-Taylor/Ritchie (PT) or the Penman-Monteith DSSAT (PM) methods under “rain-fed, low-nitrogen stress”, “rain-fed, high nitrogen stress”, “full irrigation, low nitrogen stress”, and “full irrigation, high nitrogen stress” scenarios for a u<sub>2</sub> range from 0.8 to 3.5 m s<sup>−1</sup>. The daily weather data required to run the model were retrieved from 18 semi-arid areas located in western Iran. The statistically significant differences in mean yield and cumulative distribution were determined by the non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, respectively. The deviation in evaporation and transpiration simulated by applying PT and PM was lower under rain-fed condition. Under “rain-fed, low-nitrogen stress”, the PT-simulated yield deviated significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) from PM-simulated yield by more than 26% for the sites with u<sub>2</sub> above 3 m s<sup>−1</sup>. The deviation in ET<sub>P</sub> estimates did not, however, lead to statistically significant difference in yield distribution curves for almost all sites and scenarios. Nitrogen deficiency resulted in a smaller difference in yield for rain-fed condition. The yield results showed a deviation below 6% under full irrigation condition. Under windy rain-fed condition, high deviation in leaf area index (LAI) and ET<sub>P</sub> estimates caused a large difference in the actual transpiration to potential transpiration ratio (T<sub>a</sub>/T<sub>P</sub>), and yield. However, the deviation between PT- and PM-simulated LAI and T<sub>a</sub>/T<sub>P</sub> for the full irrigation scenarios was less than 6%. Overall, the results from this study indicate that when soil moisture is depleted, resembling rain-fed condition, simulation of yield appears to be highly sensitive to the estimation of ET<sub>P</sub> for windy areas. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:59:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5335d93e12864f27830ff6943cf23754 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:59:16Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-5335d93e12864f27830ff6943cf237542023-11-23T22:14:30ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412022-09-011419302310.3390/w14193023CSM-CERES-Wheat Sensitivity to Evapotranspiration Modeling Frameworks under a Range of Wind SpeedsMilad Nouri0Gerrit Hoogenboom1Mohammad Bannayan2Mehdi Homaee3Soil and Water Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj P.O. Box 31779-93545, IranDepartment of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0570, USADepartment of Agronomy, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad P.O. Box 91775-1163, IranDepartment of Mining and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tarbiat Modares Univesity, Tehran 14115, IranCrop modeling uncertainty is expected to be high under weather data limitations; thus, jeopardizing decision-making on food-water security. Missing near-surface wind speed (u<sub>2</sub>) data required to accurately estimate reference evapotranspiration (ET<sub>o</sub>) seemed to significantly affect both the potential evapotranspiration (ET<sub>P</sub>) and yield simulations for data-scarce windy regions. In this study, the uncertainty in crop modeling based on different ET<sub>P</sub> approaches was assessed. In this regard, wheat yield and evapotranspiration were simulated with the CSM-CERES-Wheat model using either the Priestley-Taylor/Ritchie (PT) or the Penman-Monteith DSSAT (PM) methods under “rain-fed, low-nitrogen stress”, “rain-fed, high nitrogen stress”, “full irrigation, low nitrogen stress”, and “full irrigation, high nitrogen stress” scenarios for a u<sub>2</sub> range from 0.8 to 3.5 m s<sup>−1</sup>. The daily weather data required to run the model were retrieved from 18 semi-arid areas located in western Iran. The statistically significant differences in mean yield and cumulative distribution were determined by the non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, respectively. The deviation in evaporation and transpiration simulated by applying PT and PM was lower under rain-fed condition. Under “rain-fed, low-nitrogen stress”, the PT-simulated yield deviated significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) from PM-simulated yield by more than 26% for the sites with u<sub>2</sub> above 3 m s<sup>−1</sup>. The deviation in ET<sub>P</sub> estimates did not, however, lead to statistically significant difference in yield distribution curves for almost all sites and scenarios. Nitrogen deficiency resulted in a smaller difference in yield for rain-fed condition. The yield results showed a deviation below 6% under full irrigation condition. Under windy rain-fed condition, high deviation in leaf area index (LAI) and ET<sub>P</sub> estimates caused a large difference in the actual transpiration to potential transpiration ratio (T<sub>a</sub>/T<sub>P</sub>), and yield. However, the deviation between PT- and PM-simulated LAI and T<sub>a</sub>/T<sub>P</sub> for the full irrigation scenarios was less than 6%. Overall, the results from this study indicate that when soil moisture is depleted, resembling rain-fed condition, simulation of yield appears to be highly sensitive to the estimation of ET<sub>P</sub> for windy areas.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/19/3023crop modelingdata limitationwater-nitrogen stresswater-limited regions |
| spellingShingle | Milad Nouri Gerrit Hoogenboom Mohammad Bannayan Mehdi Homaee CSM-CERES-Wheat Sensitivity to Evapotranspiration Modeling Frameworks under a Range of Wind Speeds Water crop modeling data limitation water-nitrogen stress water-limited regions |
| title | CSM-CERES-Wheat Sensitivity to Evapotranspiration Modeling Frameworks under a Range of Wind Speeds |
| title_full | CSM-CERES-Wheat Sensitivity to Evapotranspiration Modeling Frameworks under a Range of Wind Speeds |
| title_fullStr | CSM-CERES-Wheat Sensitivity to Evapotranspiration Modeling Frameworks under a Range of Wind Speeds |
| title_full_unstemmed | CSM-CERES-Wheat Sensitivity to Evapotranspiration Modeling Frameworks under a Range of Wind Speeds |
| title_short | CSM-CERES-Wheat Sensitivity to Evapotranspiration Modeling Frameworks under a Range of Wind Speeds |
| title_sort | csm ceres wheat sensitivity to evapotranspiration modeling frameworks under a range of wind speeds |
| topic | crop modeling data limitation water-nitrogen stress water-limited regions |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/19/3023 |
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