Clinical Profile and Risk Factors for Severe COVID-19 in Hospitalized Patients from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Comparison between the First and Second Pandemic Waves
Since COVID-19 was declared a pandemic, Brazil has become one of the countries most affected by this disease. A year into the pandemic, a second wave of COVID-19 emerged, with a rapid spread of a new SARS-CoV-2 lineage of concern. Several vaccines have been granted emergency-use authorization, leadi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-03-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/7/2568 |
| _version_ | 1797607640760582144 |
|---|---|
| author | Luciane Almeida Amado Wagner Luis da Costa Nunes Pimentel Coelho Arthur Daniel Rocha Alves Vanessa Cristine de Souza Carneiro Otacilio da Cruz Moreira Vanessa Salete de Paula Andreza Salvio Lemos Larissa Araujo Duarte Elisa Gouvea Gutman Fabricia Lima Fontes-Dantas João Paulo da Costa Gonçalves Carlos Henrique Ferreira Ramos Carlos Henrique Ferreira Ramos Filho Marta Guimarães Cavalcanti Marisa Pimentel Amaro Rafael Lopes Kader Roberto de Andrade Medronho Dmitry José de Santana Sarmento Soniza Vieira Alves-Leon |
| author_facet | Luciane Almeida Amado Wagner Luis da Costa Nunes Pimentel Coelho Arthur Daniel Rocha Alves Vanessa Cristine de Souza Carneiro Otacilio da Cruz Moreira Vanessa Salete de Paula Andreza Salvio Lemos Larissa Araujo Duarte Elisa Gouvea Gutman Fabricia Lima Fontes-Dantas João Paulo da Costa Gonçalves Carlos Henrique Ferreira Ramos Carlos Henrique Ferreira Ramos Filho Marta Guimarães Cavalcanti Marisa Pimentel Amaro Rafael Lopes Kader Roberto de Andrade Medronho Dmitry José de Santana Sarmento Soniza Vieira Alves-Leon |
| author_sort | Luciane Almeida Amado |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Since COVID-19 was declared a pandemic, Brazil has become one of the countries most affected by this disease. A year into the pandemic, a second wave of COVID-19 emerged, with a rapid spread of a new SARS-CoV-2 lineage of concern. Several vaccines have been granted emergency-use authorization, leading to a decrease in mortality and severe cases in many countries. However, the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants raises the alert for potential new waves of transmission and an increase in pathogenicity. We compared the demographic and clinical data of critically ill patients infected with COVID-19 hospitalized in Rio de Janeiro during the first and second waves between July 2020 and October 2021. In total, 106 participants were included in this study; among them, 88% had at least one comorbidity, and 37% developed severe disease. Disease severity was associated with older age, pre-existing neurological comorbidities, higher viral load, and dyspnea. Laboratory biomarkers related to white blood cells, coagulation, cellular injury, inflammation, renal, and liver injuries were significantly associated with severe COVID-19. During the second wave of the pandemic, the necessity of invasive respiratory support was higher, and more individuals with COVID-19 developed acute hepatitis, suggesting that the progression of the second wave resulted in an increase in severe cases. These results can contribute to understanding the behavior of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil and may be helpful in predicting disease severity, which is a pivotal for guiding clinical care, improving patient outcomes, and defining public policies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:32:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5344d54ccdf6457a835ec2e06b238e54 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:32:43Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-5344d54ccdf6457a835ec2e06b238e542023-11-17T16:58:55ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832023-03-01127256810.3390/jcm12072568Clinical Profile and Risk Factors for Severe COVID-19 in Hospitalized Patients from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Comparison between the First and Second Pandemic WavesLuciane Almeida Amado0Wagner Luis da Costa Nunes Pimentel Coelho1Arthur Daniel Rocha Alves2Vanessa Cristine de Souza Carneiro3Otacilio da Cruz Moreira4Vanessa Salete de Paula5Andreza Salvio Lemos6Larissa Araujo Duarte7Elisa Gouvea Gutman8Fabricia Lima Fontes-Dantas9João Paulo da Costa Gonçalves10Carlos Henrique Ferreira Ramos11Carlos Henrique Ferreira Ramos Filho12Marta Guimarães Cavalcanti13Marisa Pimentel Amaro14Rafael Lopes Kader15Roberto de Andrade Medronho16Dmitry José de Santana Sarmento17Soniza Vieira Alves-Leon18Laboratory of Technological Development in Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, BrazilLaboratory of Technological Development in Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, BrazilLaboratory of Technological Development in Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, BrazilLaboratory of Technological Development in Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, BrazilLaboratory of Molecular Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, BrazilLaboratory of Molecular Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, BrazilLaboratory of Translacional Neurosciences, Biomedical Institute, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro-UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro 22290-240, BrazilLaboratory of Translacional Neurosciences, Biomedical Institute, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro-UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro 22290-240, BrazilLaboratory of Translacional Neurosciences, Biomedical Institute, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro-UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro 22290-240, BrazilLaboratory of Translacional Neurosciences, Biomedical Institute, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro-UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro 22290-240, BrazilLaboratory of Translacional Neurosciences, Biomedical Institute, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro-UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro 22290-240, BrazilUnit of Intensive Treatment, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, BrazilUnit of Intensive Treatment, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, BrazilEpidemiology and Evaluation Service, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, BrazilPost-Graduate Program in Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, BrazilPost-Graduate Program in Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, BrazilSchool of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, BrazilDepartment of Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, State University of Paraíba, Araruna 58429-500, BrazilLaboratory of Translacional Neurosciences, Biomedical Institute, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro-UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro 22290-240, BrazilSince COVID-19 was declared a pandemic, Brazil has become one of the countries most affected by this disease. A year into the pandemic, a second wave of COVID-19 emerged, with a rapid spread of a new SARS-CoV-2 lineage of concern. Several vaccines have been granted emergency-use authorization, leading to a decrease in mortality and severe cases in many countries. However, the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants raises the alert for potential new waves of transmission and an increase in pathogenicity. We compared the demographic and clinical data of critically ill patients infected with COVID-19 hospitalized in Rio de Janeiro during the first and second waves between July 2020 and October 2021. In total, 106 participants were included in this study; among them, 88% had at least one comorbidity, and 37% developed severe disease. Disease severity was associated with older age, pre-existing neurological comorbidities, higher viral load, and dyspnea. Laboratory biomarkers related to white blood cells, coagulation, cellular injury, inflammation, renal, and liver injuries were significantly associated with severe COVID-19. During the second wave of the pandemic, the necessity of invasive respiratory support was higher, and more individuals with COVID-19 developed acute hepatitis, suggesting that the progression of the second wave resulted in an increase in severe cases. These results can contribute to understanding the behavior of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil and may be helpful in predicting disease severity, which is a pivotal for guiding clinical care, improving patient outcomes, and defining public policies.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/7/2568COVID-19risk factorsepidemiologyepidemic waves |
| spellingShingle | Luciane Almeida Amado Wagner Luis da Costa Nunes Pimentel Coelho Arthur Daniel Rocha Alves Vanessa Cristine de Souza Carneiro Otacilio da Cruz Moreira Vanessa Salete de Paula Andreza Salvio Lemos Larissa Araujo Duarte Elisa Gouvea Gutman Fabricia Lima Fontes-Dantas João Paulo da Costa Gonçalves Carlos Henrique Ferreira Ramos Carlos Henrique Ferreira Ramos Filho Marta Guimarães Cavalcanti Marisa Pimentel Amaro Rafael Lopes Kader Roberto de Andrade Medronho Dmitry José de Santana Sarmento Soniza Vieira Alves-Leon Clinical Profile and Risk Factors for Severe COVID-19 in Hospitalized Patients from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Comparison between the First and Second Pandemic Waves Journal of Clinical Medicine COVID-19 risk factors epidemiology epidemic waves |
| title | Clinical Profile and Risk Factors for Severe COVID-19 in Hospitalized Patients from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Comparison between the First and Second Pandemic Waves |
| title_full | Clinical Profile and Risk Factors for Severe COVID-19 in Hospitalized Patients from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Comparison between the First and Second Pandemic Waves |
| title_fullStr | Clinical Profile and Risk Factors for Severe COVID-19 in Hospitalized Patients from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Comparison between the First and Second Pandemic Waves |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinical Profile and Risk Factors for Severe COVID-19 in Hospitalized Patients from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Comparison between the First and Second Pandemic Waves |
| title_short | Clinical Profile and Risk Factors for Severe COVID-19 in Hospitalized Patients from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Comparison between the First and Second Pandemic Waves |
| title_sort | clinical profile and risk factors for severe covid 19 in hospitalized patients from rio de janeiro brazil comparison between the first and second pandemic waves |
| topic | COVID-19 risk factors epidemiology epidemic waves |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/7/2568 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lucianealmeidaamado clinicalprofileandriskfactorsforseverecovid19inhospitalizedpatientsfromriodejaneirobrazilcomparisonbetweenthefirstandsecondpandemicwaves AT wagnerluisdacostanunespimentelcoelho clinicalprofileandriskfactorsforseverecovid19inhospitalizedpatientsfromriodejaneirobrazilcomparisonbetweenthefirstandsecondpandemicwaves AT arthurdanielrochaalves clinicalprofileandriskfactorsforseverecovid19inhospitalizedpatientsfromriodejaneirobrazilcomparisonbetweenthefirstandsecondpandemicwaves AT vanessacristinedesouzacarneiro clinicalprofileandriskfactorsforseverecovid19inhospitalizedpatientsfromriodejaneirobrazilcomparisonbetweenthefirstandsecondpandemicwaves AT otaciliodacruzmoreira clinicalprofileandriskfactorsforseverecovid19inhospitalizedpatientsfromriodejaneirobrazilcomparisonbetweenthefirstandsecondpandemicwaves AT vanessasaletedepaula clinicalprofileandriskfactorsforseverecovid19inhospitalizedpatientsfromriodejaneirobrazilcomparisonbetweenthefirstandsecondpandemicwaves AT andrezasalviolemos clinicalprofileandriskfactorsforseverecovid19inhospitalizedpatientsfromriodejaneirobrazilcomparisonbetweenthefirstandsecondpandemicwaves AT larissaaraujoduarte clinicalprofileandriskfactorsforseverecovid19inhospitalizedpatientsfromriodejaneirobrazilcomparisonbetweenthefirstandsecondpandemicwaves AT elisagouveagutman clinicalprofileandriskfactorsforseverecovid19inhospitalizedpatientsfromriodejaneirobrazilcomparisonbetweenthefirstandsecondpandemicwaves AT fabricialimafontesdantas clinicalprofileandriskfactorsforseverecovid19inhospitalizedpatientsfromriodejaneirobrazilcomparisonbetweenthefirstandsecondpandemicwaves AT joaopaulodacostagoncalves clinicalprofileandriskfactorsforseverecovid19inhospitalizedpatientsfromriodejaneirobrazilcomparisonbetweenthefirstandsecondpandemicwaves AT carloshenriqueferreiraramos clinicalprofileandriskfactorsforseverecovid19inhospitalizedpatientsfromriodejaneirobrazilcomparisonbetweenthefirstandsecondpandemicwaves AT carloshenriqueferreiraramosfilho clinicalprofileandriskfactorsforseverecovid19inhospitalizedpatientsfromriodejaneirobrazilcomparisonbetweenthefirstandsecondpandemicwaves AT martaguimaraescavalcanti clinicalprofileandriskfactorsforseverecovid19inhospitalizedpatientsfromriodejaneirobrazilcomparisonbetweenthefirstandsecondpandemicwaves AT marisapimentelamaro clinicalprofileandriskfactorsforseverecovid19inhospitalizedpatientsfromriodejaneirobrazilcomparisonbetweenthefirstandsecondpandemicwaves AT rafaellopeskader clinicalprofileandriskfactorsforseverecovid19inhospitalizedpatientsfromriodejaneirobrazilcomparisonbetweenthefirstandsecondpandemicwaves AT robertodeandrademedronho clinicalprofileandriskfactorsforseverecovid19inhospitalizedpatientsfromriodejaneirobrazilcomparisonbetweenthefirstandsecondpandemicwaves AT dmitryjosedesantanasarmento clinicalprofileandriskfactorsforseverecovid19inhospitalizedpatientsfromriodejaneirobrazilcomparisonbetweenthefirstandsecondpandemicwaves AT sonizavieiraalvesleon clinicalprofileandriskfactorsforseverecovid19inhospitalizedpatientsfromriodejaneirobrazilcomparisonbetweenthefirstandsecondpandemicwaves |