Role of Mitochondrial Dynamics in Heart Diseases
Mitochondrial dynamics, including fission and fusion processes, are essential for heart health. Mitochondria, the powerhouses of cells, maintain their integrity through continuous cycles of biogenesis, fission, fusion, and degradation. Mitochondria are relatively immobile in the adult heart, but the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Genes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/10/1876 |
| _version_ | 1797626751493341184 |
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| author | Takeshi Tokuyama Shigeru Yanagi |
| author_facet | Takeshi Tokuyama Shigeru Yanagi |
| author_sort | Takeshi Tokuyama |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mitochondrial dynamics, including fission and fusion processes, are essential for heart health. Mitochondria, the powerhouses of cells, maintain their integrity through continuous cycles of biogenesis, fission, fusion, and degradation. Mitochondria are relatively immobile in the adult heart, but their morphological changes due to mitochondrial morphology factors are critical for cellular functions such as energy production, organelle integrity, and stress response. Mitochondrial fusion proteins, particularly Mfn1/2 and Opa1, play multiple roles beyond their pro-fusion effects, such as endoplasmic reticulum tethering, mitophagy, cristae remodeling, and apoptosis regulation. On the other hand, the fission process, regulated by proteins such as Drp1, Fis1, Mff and MiD49/51, is essential to eliminate damaged mitochondria via mitophagy and to ensure proper cell division. In the cardiac system, dysregulation of mitochondrial dynamics has been shown to cause cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, ischemia/reperfusion injury, and various cardiac diseases, including metabolic and inherited cardiomyopathies. In addition, mitochondrial dysfunction associated with oxidative stress has been implicated in atherosclerosis, hypertension and pulmonary hypertension. Therefore, understanding and regulating mitochondrial dynamics is a promising therapeutic tool in cardiac diseases. This review summarizes the role of mitochondrial morphology in heart diseases for each mitochondrial morphology regulatory gene, and their potential as therapeutic targets to heart diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T10:14:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-53485627bf774cfda0bb16bf6e9deeb7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T10:14:40Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Genes |
| spelling | doaj.art-53485627bf774cfda0bb16bf6e9deeb72023-11-16T10:29:37ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252023-09-011410187610.3390/genes14101876Role of Mitochondrial Dynamics in Heart DiseasesTakeshi Tokuyama0Shigeru Yanagi1Division of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Tochigi, JapanLaboratory of Molecular Biochemistry, Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science, Gakushuin University, Mejiro, Tokyo 171-0031, JapanMitochondrial dynamics, including fission and fusion processes, are essential for heart health. Mitochondria, the powerhouses of cells, maintain their integrity through continuous cycles of biogenesis, fission, fusion, and degradation. Mitochondria are relatively immobile in the adult heart, but their morphological changes due to mitochondrial morphology factors are critical for cellular functions such as energy production, organelle integrity, and stress response. Mitochondrial fusion proteins, particularly Mfn1/2 and Opa1, play multiple roles beyond their pro-fusion effects, such as endoplasmic reticulum tethering, mitophagy, cristae remodeling, and apoptosis regulation. On the other hand, the fission process, regulated by proteins such as Drp1, Fis1, Mff and MiD49/51, is essential to eliminate damaged mitochondria via mitophagy and to ensure proper cell division. In the cardiac system, dysregulation of mitochondrial dynamics has been shown to cause cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, ischemia/reperfusion injury, and various cardiac diseases, including metabolic and inherited cardiomyopathies. In addition, mitochondrial dysfunction associated with oxidative stress has been implicated in atherosclerosis, hypertension and pulmonary hypertension. Therefore, understanding and regulating mitochondrial dynamics is a promising therapeutic tool in cardiac diseases. This review summarizes the role of mitochondrial morphology in heart diseases for each mitochondrial morphology regulatory gene, and their potential as therapeutic targets to heart diseases.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/10/1876mitochondrial dynamicsfission and fusionheart failurecardiovascular diseasesDrp1Mfn1 |
| spellingShingle | Takeshi Tokuyama Shigeru Yanagi Role of Mitochondrial Dynamics in Heart Diseases Genes mitochondrial dynamics fission and fusion heart failure cardiovascular diseases Drp1 Mfn1 |
| title | Role of Mitochondrial Dynamics in Heart Diseases |
| title_full | Role of Mitochondrial Dynamics in Heart Diseases |
| title_fullStr | Role of Mitochondrial Dynamics in Heart Diseases |
| title_full_unstemmed | Role of Mitochondrial Dynamics in Heart Diseases |
| title_short | Role of Mitochondrial Dynamics in Heart Diseases |
| title_sort | role of mitochondrial dynamics in heart diseases |
| topic | mitochondrial dynamics fission and fusion heart failure cardiovascular diseases Drp1 Mfn1 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/10/1876 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT takeshitokuyama roleofmitochondrialdynamicsinheartdiseases AT shigeruyanagi roleofmitochondrialdynamicsinheartdiseases |