The Association between Compassionate Love and Spiritual Coping with Trauma in Men and Women Living with HIV
Our ten-year study examined the association between compassionate love (CL)—other-centered love, as well as compassionate self-love, and spiritual coping (SC)—the use of spirituality (connection to a Higher Presence or God) as a means to cope with trauma, and gender differences in 177 people living...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2014-10-01
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| Series: | Religions |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2077-1444/5/4/1050 |
| _version_ | 1819135248148987904 |
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| author | Heidemarie Kremer Gail Ironson Nicoleta de Deugd Monica Mangra |
| author_facet | Heidemarie Kremer Gail Ironson Nicoleta de Deugd Monica Mangra |
| author_sort | Heidemarie Kremer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Our ten-year study examined the association between compassionate love (CL)—other-centered love, as well as compassionate self-love, and spiritual coping (SC)—the use of spirituality (connection to a Higher Presence or God) as a means to cope with trauma, and gender differences in 177 people living with HIV (PLWH). In a secondary data analysis of six-monthly interviews/essays, we coded five criteria of CL and rated the benefit of CL giving, receiving and self for the recipient. Synergistically, we rated longitudinal SC based on coding of 18 coping strategies. Overall, mean CL towards self was very high, followed by CL receiving and giving, while mean SC was moderately high. Women, in comparison to men, perceived higher benefit from SC and giving CL to others. Overall, CL towards self had the strongest association with SC, more pronounced in women than in men. Beyond gender, only CL for the self was a significant predictor of SC. Although there was a moderate association between SC and the perceived benefit from giving CL, after controlling for gender, this association was present in men only. Conversely, receiving CL from others yields a stronger association with SC in women than in men. Women perceived to benefit significantly more from SC and giving CL to others compared to men, whereas no gender differences were found on perceiving benefit from receiving CL from others or oneself. In conclusion, although women perceive more benefit from giving CL to others than men, this does not explain the higher benefit from SC among women. Ultimately, both men and women perceive to benefit more from SC the more they exhibit CL towards self and thus spiritual counseling should keep the importance of the balance between CL towards self and others in mind. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T10:16:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-535de584315b4823a3a2a546354be81d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-1444 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T10:16:04Z |
| publishDate | 2014-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Religions |
| spelling | doaj.art-535de584315b4823a3a2a546354be81d2022-12-21T18:29:43ZengMDPI AGReligions2077-14442014-10-01541050106110.3390/rel5041050rel5041050The Association between Compassionate Love and Spiritual Coping with Trauma in Men and Women Living with HIVHeidemarie Kremer0Gail Ironson1Nicoleta de Deugd2Monica Mangra3Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Rhodes House, Building 37, 1204 Dickinson Drive, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USADepartment of Psychology, University of Miami, Rhodes House, Building 37, 1204 Dickinson Drive, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USADepartment of Psychology, University of Miami, Rhodes House, Building 37, 1204 Dickinson Drive, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USADepartment of Psychology, University of Miami, Rhodes House, Building 37, 1204 Dickinson Drive, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USAOur ten-year study examined the association between compassionate love (CL)—other-centered love, as well as compassionate self-love, and spiritual coping (SC)—the use of spirituality (connection to a Higher Presence or God) as a means to cope with trauma, and gender differences in 177 people living with HIV (PLWH). In a secondary data analysis of six-monthly interviews/essays, we coded five criteria of CL and rated the benefit of CL giving, receiving and self for the recipient. Synergistically, we rated longitudinal SC based on coding of 18 coping strategies. Overall, mean CL towards self was very high, followed by CL receiving and giving, while mean SC was moderately high. Women, in comparison to men, perceived higher benefit from SC and giving CL to others. Overall, CL towards self had the strongest association with SC, more pronounced in women than in men. Beyond gender, only CL for the self was a significant predictor of SC. Although there was a moderate association between SC and the perceived benefit from giving CL, after controlling for gender, this association was present in men only. Conversely, receiving CL from others yields a stronger association with SC in women than in men. Women perceived to benefit significantly more from SC and giving CL to others compared to men, whereas no gender differences were found on perceiving benefit from receiving CL from others or oneself. In conclusion, although women perceive more benefit from giving CL to others than men, this does not explain the higher benefit from SC among women. Ultimately, both men and women perceive to benefit more from SC the more they exhibit CL towards self and thus spiritual counseling should keep the importance of the balance between CL towards self and others in mind.http://www.mdpi.com/2077-1444/5/4/1050HIVcompassionate lovespiritualitycopinggender differenceshealthbehaviorcounseling |
| spellingShingle | Heidemarie Kremer Gail Ironson Nicoleta de Deugd Monica Mangra The Association between Compassionate Love and Spiritual Coping with Trauma in Men and Women Living with HIV Religions HIV compassionate love spirituality coping gender differences health behavior counseling |
| title | The Association between Compassionate Love and Spiritual Coping with Trauma in Men and Women Living with HIV |
| title_full | The Association between Compassionate Love and Spiritual Coping with Trauma in Men and Women Living with HIV |
| title_fullStr | The Association between Compassionate Love and Spiritual Coping with Trauma in Men and Women Living with HIV |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Association between Compassionate Love and Spiritual Coping with Trauma in Men and Women Living with HIV |
| title_short | The Association between Compassionate Love and Spiritual Coping with Trauma in Men and Women Living with HIV |
| title_sort | association between compassionate love and spiritual coping with trauma in men and women living with hiv |
| topic | HIV compassionate love spirituality coping gender differences health behavior counseling |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2077-1444/5/4/1050 |
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