Fabrication of Bimetallic High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel/Si-Bronze Functionally Graded Materials Using Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing
In this paper, bimetallic functionally graded structures were fabricated using wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM). The bimetallic walls were built by depositing Si-Bronze and high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel, successively. The microstructural evolution of the built structures, especially...
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-4494/7/4/138 |
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| author | Marwan M. El-Husseiny Abdelrahman A. Baraka Omar Oraby Ehab A. El-Danaf Hanadi G. Salem |
| author_facet | Marwan M. El-Husseiny Abdelrahman A. Baraka Omar Oraby Ehab A. El-Danaf Hanadi G. Salem |
| author_sort | Marwan M. El-Husseiny |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this paper, bimetallic functionally graded structures were fabricated using wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM). The bimetallic walls were built by depositing Si-Bronze and high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel, successively. The microstructural evolution of the built structures, especially within the fusion zone between the dissimilar alloys, was investigated in relation to their mechanical properties. The built bimetallic walls showed a high level of integrity. An overall interface length of 9 mm was investigated for microstructural evolution, elemental mapping and microhardness measurements along the building direction. Microhardness profiles showed a gradual transition in hardness passing through the diffusion zone with no evidence for intermetallic compounds. Failure of the tensile specimens occurred at the Si-Bronze region, as expected. Bending tests confirmed good ductility of the joint between the dissimilar alloys. Direct shear test results proved a shear strength comparable to that of HSLA steel. The obtained results confirm that it is appropriate to fabricate HSLA steel/Si-Bronze FGMs using WAAM technology. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:49:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-535e4423f27f4daa9badf6bef7e535a2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2504-4494 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:49:24Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing |
| spelling | doaj.art-535e4423f27f4daa9badf6bef7e535a22023-11-19T01:44:20ZengMDPI AGJournal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing2504-44942023-07-017413810.3390/jmmp7040138Fabrication of Bimetallic High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel/Si-Bronze Functionally Graded Materials Using Wire Arc Additive ManufacturingMarwan M. El-Husseiny0Abdelrahman A. Baraka1Omar Oraby2Ehab A. El-Danaf3Hanadi G. Salem4Department of Mechanical Design and Production, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza 12316, EgyptAdditive Manufacturing Centennial Lab (AMCL), Mechanical Engineering Department, The American University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, EgyptAdditive Manufacturing Centennial Lab (AMCL), Mechanical Engineering Department, The American University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, EgyptDepartment of Mechanical Design and Production, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza 12316, EgyptAdditive Manufacturing Centennial Lab (AMCL), Mechanical Engineering Department, The American University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, EgyptIn this paper, bimetallic functionally graded structures were fabricated using wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM). The bimetallic walls were built by depositing Si-Bronze and high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel, successively. The microstructural evolution of the built structures, especially within the fusion zone between the dissimilar alloys, was investigated in relation to their mechanical properties. The built bimetallic walls showed a high level of integrity. An overall interface length of 9 mm was investigated for microstructural evolution, elemental mapping and microhardness measurements along the building direction. Microhardness profiles showed a gradual transition in hardness passing through the diffusion zone with no evidence for intermetallic compounds. Failure of the tensile specimens occurred at the Si-Bronze region, as expected. Bending tests confirmed good ductility of the joint between the dissimilar alloys. Direct shear test results proved a shear strength comparable to that of HSLA steel. The obtained results confirm that it is appropriate to fabricate HSLA steel/Si-Bronze FGMs using WAAM technology.https://www.mdpi.com/2504-4494/7/4/138wire arc additive manufacturingfunctionally graded materialscopper–steel bimetallic componentspulsed gas metal arc welding |
| spellingShingle | Marwan M. El-Husseiny Abdelrahman A. Baraka Omar Oraby Ehab A. El-Danaf Hanadi G. Salem Fabrication of Bimetallic High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel/Si-Bronze Functionally Graded Materials Using Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing wire arc additive manufacturing functionally graded materials copper–steel bimetallic components pulsed gas metal arc welding |
| title | Fabrication of Bimetallic High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel/Si-Bronze Functionally Graded Materials Using Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing |
| title_full | Fabrication of Bimetallic High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel/Si-Bronze Functionally Graded Materials Using Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing |
| title_fullStr | Fabrication of Bimetallic High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel/Si-Bronze Functionally Graded Materials Using Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fabrication of Bimetallic High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel/Si-Bronze Functionally Graded Materials Using Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing |
| title_short | Fabrication of Bimetallic High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel/Si-Bronze Functionally Graded Materials Using Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing |
| title_sort | fabrication of bimetallic high strength low alloy steel si bronze functionally graded materials using wire arc additive manufacturing |
| topic | wire arc additive manufacturing functionally graded materials copper–steel bimetallic components pulsed gas metal arc welding |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-4494/7/4/138 |
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