Community-Acquired, Bacteraemic Acinetobacter Baumannii Pneumonia: A Retrospective Review of Cases in Tropical Queensland, Australia
Background: Community-acquired <i>Acinetobacter</i> pneumonia (CAAP) typically presents with rapid progression to fulminant disease and is complicated by high mortality. Australian epidemiological studies are few. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study on bacteraemic cases of CAAP o...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/8/8/419 |
| _version_ | 1797583062596321280 |
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| author | Timothy Riddles Daniel Judge |
| author_facet | Timothy Riddles Daniel Judge |
| author_sort | Timothy Riddles |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Community-acquired <i>Acinetobacter</i> pneumonia (CAAP) typically presents with rapid progression to fulminant disease and is complicated by high mortality. Australian epidemiological studies are few. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study on bacteraemic cases of CAAP over twenty years (2000–2019) in North Queensland. Cases were selected on microbiologic, clinical, and radiographic parameters. Data on patient demographics were obtained, along with microbial, antibiotic, mortality and climatic data. Results: 28 cases of CAAP were included. Nineteen (67.9%) were male, twenty-three (82.1%) were Indigenous Australians, and the mean age was 45.9 years. Most presentations were of moderate to severe pneumonia (25/28 (89.3%)). Furthermore, 90% of cases had two or more risk factors. The strongest risk factors for CAAP were alcohol excess and tobacco use. No statistically significant difference in presenting severity, ICU admission or mortality was seen between dry- and wet-season disease. Dry-season disease accounted for 35.7% of cases. Overall mortality was 28.6%. Early use of meropenem or gentamicin reduced mortality irrespective of presenting severity (mortality 17.6%) Non-targeted antibiotic therapy was associated with a non-significant difference in mortality of 44.4%. Conclusions: Early administration of targeted antibiotics can mitigate a high mortality rate. The choice of antibiotic therapy for community-acquired pneumonia should be based on severity, risk factors and clinical suspicion of CAAP rather than seasonality. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:31:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-535e88bcf039440bb03f7a8ef9602280 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2414-6366 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:31:33Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease |
| spelling | doaj.art-535e88bcf039440bb03f7a8ef96022802023-11-19T03:16:17ZengMDPI AGTropical Medicine and Infectious Disease2414-63662023-08-018841910.3390/tropicalmed8080419Community-Acquired, Bacteraemic Acinetobacter Baumannii Pneumonia: A Retrospective Review of Cases in Tropical Queensland, AustraliaTimothy Riddles0Daniel Judge1Cairns Hospital, Cairns, QLD 4870, AustraliaCairns Hospital, Cairns, QLD 4870, AustraliaBackground: Community-acquired <i>Acinetobacter</i> pneumonia (CAAP) typically presents with rapid progression to fulminant disease and is complicated by high mortality. Australian epidemiological studies are few. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study on bacteraemic cases of CAAP over twenty years (2000–2019) in North Queensland. Cases were selected on microbiologic, clinical, and radiographic parameters. Data on patient demographics were obtained, along with microbial, antibiotic, mortality and climatic data. Results: 28 cases of CAAP were included. Nineteen (67.9%) were male, twenty-three (82.1%) were Indigenous Australians, and the mean age was 45.9 years. Most presentations were of moderate to severe pneumonia (25/28 (89.3%)). Furthermore, 90% of cases had two or more risk factors. The strongest risk factors for CAAP were alcohol excess and tobacco use. No statistically significant difference in presenting severity, ICU admission or mortality was seen between dry- and wet-season disease. Dry-season disease accounted for 35.7% of cases. Overall mortality was 28.6%. Early use of meropenem or gentamicin reduced mortality irrespective of presenting severity (mortality 17.6%) Non-targeted antibiotic therapy was associated with a non-significant difference in mortality of 44.4%. Conclusions: Early administration of targeted antibiotics can mitigate a high mortality rate. The choice of antibiotic therapy for community-acquired pneumonia should be based on severity, risk factors and clinical suspicion of CAAP rather than seasonality.https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/8/8/419Acinetobacter<i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> complexBacterial pneumoniacommunity-acquired infectionsbacteraemiasevere pneumonia |
| spellingShingle | Timothy Riddles Daniel Judge Community-Acquired, Bacteraemic Acinetobacter Baumannii Pneumonia: A Retrospective Review of Cases in Tropical Queensland, Australia Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease Acinetobacter <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> complex Bacterial pneumonia community-acquired infections bacteraemia severe pneumonia |
| title | Community-Acquired, Bacteraemic Acinetobacter Baumannii Pneumonia: A Retrospective Review of Cases in Tropical Queensland, Australia |
| title_full | Community-Acquired, Bacteraemic Acinetobacter Baumannii Pneumonia: A Retrospective Review of Cases in Tropical Queensland, Australia |
| title_fullStr | Community-Acquired, Bacteraemic Acinetobacter Baumannii Pneumonia: A Retrospective Review of Cases in Tropical Queensland, Australia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Community-Acquired, Bacteraemic Acinetobacter Baumannii Pneumonia: A Retrospective Review of Cases in Tropical Queensland, Australia |
| title_short | Community-Acquired, Bacteraemic Acinetobacter Baumannii Pneumonia: A Retrospective Review of Cases in Tropical Queensland, Australia |
| title_sort | community acquired bacteraemic acinetobacter baumannii pneumonia a retrospective review of cases in tropical queensland australia |
| topic | Acinetobacter <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> complex Bacterial pneumonia community-acquired infections bacteraemia severe pneumonia |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/8/8/419 |
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