Effect of Aquatic Exercise Training on Aortic Hemodynamics in Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults
Aquatic exercise is an attractive form of exercise that utilizes the various properties of water to improve physical health, including arterial stiffness. However, it is unclear whether regular head-out aquatic exercise affects aortic hemodynamics, the emerging risk factors for future cardiovascular...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-11-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2021.770519/full |
| _version_ | 1819010954202972160 |
|---|---|
| author | Marina Fukuie Marina Fukuie Takayuki Yamabe Takayuki Yamabe Daisuke Hoshi Daisuke Hoshi Tatsuya Hashitomi Tatsuya Hashitomi Yosuke Nomura Jun Sugawara Jun Sugawara |
| author_facet | Marina Fukuie Marina Fukuie Takayuki Yamabe Takayuki Yamabe Daisuke Hoshi Daisuke Hoshi Tatsuya Hashitomi Tatsuya Hashitomi Yosuke Nomura Jun Sugawara Jun Sugawara |
| author_sort | Marina Fukuie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aquatic exercise is an attractive form of exercise that utilizes the various properties of water to improve physical health, including arterial stiffness. However, it is unclear whether regular head-out aquatic exercise affects aortic hemodynamics, the emerging risk factors for future cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether head-out aquatic exercise training improves aortic hemodynamics in middle-aged and elderly people. In addition, to shed light on the underlying mechanisms, we determined the contribution of change in arterial stiffness to the hypothesized changes in aortic hemodynamics. Twenty-three middle-aged and elderly subjects (62 ± 9 years) underwent a weekly aquatic exercise course for 15 weeks. Aortic hemodynamics were evaluated by pulse wave analysis via the general transfer function method. Using a polar coordinate description, companion metrics of aortic pulse pressure (PPC = √{(systolic blood pressure)2 + (diastolic blood pressure)2}) and augmentation index (AIxC = √{(augmentation pressure)2 + (pulse pressure)2}) were calculated as measures of arterial load. Brachial-ankle (baPWV, reflecting stiffness of the abdominal aorta and leg artery) and heart-ankle (haPWV, reflecting stiffness of the whole aortic and leg artery) pulse wave velocities were also measured. The rate of participation in the aquatic training program was 83.5 ± 13.0%. Aortic systolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, PPC, AIxC, baPWV, and haPWV decreased after the training (P < 0.05 for all), whereas augmentation index remained unchanged. Changes in aortic SBP were correlated with changes in haPWV (r = 0.613, P = 0.002) but not baPWV (r = 0.296, P = 0.170). These findings suggest that head-out aquatic exercise training may improve aortic hemodynamics in middle-aged and elderly people, with the particular benefits for reducing aortic SBP which is associated with proximal aortic stiffness. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T01:20:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-535f99dbdab1407cb5e45ae46ed8b6c9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-055X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T01:20:28Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-535f99dbdab1407cb5e45ae46ed8b6c92022-12-21T19:20:40ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine2297-055X2021-11-01810.3389/fcvm.2021.770519770519Effect of Aquatic Exercise Training on Aortic Hemodynamics in Middle-Aged and Elderly AdultsMarina Fukuie0Marina Fukuie1Takayuki Yamabe2Takayuki Yamabe3Daisuke Hoshi4Daisuke Hoshi5Tatsuya Hashitomi6Tatsuya Hashitomi7Yosuke Nomura8Jun Sugawara9Jun Sugawara10Doctoral Program in Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, JapanHuman Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, JapanDoctoral Program in Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, JapanHuman Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, JapanDoctoral Program in Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, JapanHuman Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, JapanDoctoral Program in Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, JapanHuman Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, JapanTsukuba Aqualife Laboratory, Tsukuba, JapanHuman Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, JapanFaculty of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, JapanAquatic exercise is an attractive form of exercise that utilizes the various properties of water to improve physical health, including arterial stiffness. However, it is unclear whether regular head-out aquatic exercise affects aortic hemodynamics, the emerging risk factors for future cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether head-out aquatic exercise training improves aortic hemodynamics in middle-aged and elderly people. In addition, to shed light on the underlying mechanisms, we determined the contribution of change in arterial stiffness to the hypothesized changes in aortic hemodynamics. Twenty-three middle-aged and elderly subjects (62 ± 9 years) underwent a weekly aquatic exercise course for 15 weeks. Aortic hemodynamics were evaluated by pulse wave analysis via the general transfer function method. Using a polar coordinate description, companion metrics of aortic pulse pressure (PPC = √{(systolic blood pressure)2 + (diastolic blood pressure)2}) and augmentation index (AIxC = √{(augmentation pressure)2 + (pulse pressure)2}) were calculated as measures of arterial load. Brachial-ankle (baPWV, reflecting stiffness of the abdominal aorta and leg artery) and heart-ankle (haPWV, reflecting stiffness of the whole aortic and leg artery) pulse wave velocities were also measured. The rate of participation in the aquatic training program was 83.5 ± 13.0%. Aortic systolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, PPC, AIxC, baPWV, and haPWV decreased after the training (P < 0.05 for all), whereas augmentation index remained unchanged. Changes in aortic SBP were correlated with changes in haPWV (r = 0.613, P = 0.002) but not baPWV (r = 0.296, P = 0.170). These findings suggest that head-out aquatic exercise training may improve aortic hemodynamics in middle-aged and elderly people, with the particular benefits for reducing aortic SBP which is associated with proximal aortic stiffness.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2021.770519/fullaquatic exerciseaortic blood pressurereflection waveWindkessel functionpolar coordinate description |
| spellingShingle | Marina Fukuie Marina Fukuie Takayuki Yamabe Takayuki Yamabe Daisuke Hoshi Daisuke Hoshi Tatsuya Hashitomi Tatsuya Hashitomi Yosuke Nomura Jun Sugawara Jun Sugawara Effect of Aquatic Exercise Training on Aortic Hemodynamics in Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine aquatic exercise aortic blood pressure reflection wave Windkessel function polar coordinate description |
| title | Effect of Aquatic Exercise Training on Aortic Hemodynamics in Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults |
| title_full | Effect of Aquatic Exercise Training on Aortic Hemodynamics in Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Aquatic Exercise Training on Aortic Hemodynamics in Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Aquatic Exercise Training on Aortic Hemodynamics in Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults |
| title_short | Effect of Aquatic Exercise Training on Aortic Hemodynamics in Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults |
| title_sort | effect of aquatic exercise training on aortic hemodynamics in middle aged and elderly adults |
| topic | aquatic exercise aortic blood pressure reflection wave Windkessel function polar coordinate description |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2021.770519/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT marinafukuie effectofaquaticexercisetrainingonaortichemodynamicsinmiddleagedandelderlyadults AT marinafukuie effectofaquaticexercisetrainingonaortichemodynamicsinmiddleagedandelderlyadults AT takayukiyamabe effectofaquaticexercisetrainingonaortichemodynamicsinmiddleagedandelderlyadults AT takayukiyamabe effectofaquaticexercisetrainingonaortichemodynamicsinmiddleagedandelderlyadults AT daisukehoshi effectofaquaticexercisetrainingonaortichemodynamicsinmiddleagedandelderlyadults AT daisukehoshi effectofaquaticexercisetrainingonaortichemodynamicsinmiddleagedandelderlyadults AT tatsuyahashitomi effectofaquaticexercisetrainingonaortichemodynamicsinmiddleagedandelderlyadults AT tatsuyahashitomi effectofaquaticexercisetrainingonaortichemodynamicsinmiddleagedandelderlyadults AT yosukenomura effectofaquaticexercisetrainingonaortichemodynamicsinmiddleagedandelderlyadults AT junsugawara effectofaquaticexercisetrainingonaortichemodynamicsinmiddleagedandelderlyadults AT junsugawara effectofaquaticexercisetrainingonaortichemodynamicsinmiddleagedandelderlyadults |