Extracellular Vesicles in Viral Infections of the Nervous System
Almost all types of cells release extracellular vesicles (EVs) into the extracellular space. EVs such as exosomes and microvesicles are membrane-bound vesicles ranging in size from 30 to 1000 nm in diameter. Under normal conditions, EVs mediate cell to cell as well as inter-organ communication via t...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/7/700 |
| _version_ | 1797563872320684032 |
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| author | Naseer A. Kutchy Eric S. Peeples Susmita Sil Ke Liao Ernest T. Chivero Guoku Hu Shilpa Buch |
| author_facet | Naseer A. Kutchy Eric S. Peeples Susmita Sil Ke Liao Ernest T. Chivero Guoku Hu Shilpa Buch |
| author_sort | Naseer A. Kutchy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Almost all types of cells release extracellular vesicles (EVs) into the extracellular space. EVs such as exosomes and microvesicles are membrane-bound vesicles ranging in size from 30 to 1000 nm in diameter. Under normal conditions, EVs mediate cell to cell as well as inter-organ communication via the shuttling of their cargoes which include RNA, DNA and proteins. Under pathological conditions, however, the number, size and content of EVs are found to be altered and have been shown to play crucial roles in disease progression. Emerging studies have demonstrated that EVs are involved in many aspects of viral infection-mediated neurodegenerative diseases. In the current review, we will describe the interactions between EV biogenesis and the release of virus particles while also reviewing the role of EVs in various viral infections, such as HIV-1, HTLV, Zika, CMV, EBV, Hepatitis B and C, JCV, and HSV-1. We will also discuss the potential uses of EVs and their cargoes as biomarkers and therapeutic vehicles for viral infections. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:49:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5366de901fd345958a8a80c4441dbe48 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:49:20Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-5366de901fd345958a8a80c4441dbe482023-11-20T05:13:52ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152020-06-0112770010.3390/v12070700Extracellular Vesicles in Viral Infections of the Nervous SystemNaseer A. Kutchy0Eric S. Peeples1Susmita Sil2Ke Liao3Ernest T. Chivero4Guoku Hu5Shilpa Buch6Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5880, USADepartment of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USADepartment of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5880, USADepartment of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5880, USADepartment of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5880, USADepartment of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5880, USADepartment of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5880, USAAlmost all types of cells release extracellular vesicles (EVs) into the extracellular space. EVs such as exosomes and microvesicles are membrane-bound vesicles ranging in size from 30 to 1000 nm in diameter. Under normal conditions, EVs mediate cell to cell as well as inter-organ communication via the shuttling of their cargoes which include RNA, DNA and proteins. Under pathological conditions, however, the number, size and content of EVs are found to be altered and have been shown to play crucial roles in disease progression. Emerging studies have demonstrated that EVs are involved in many aspects of viral infection-mediated neurodegenerative diseases. In the current review, we will describe the interactions between EV biogenesis and the release of virus particles while also reviewing the role of EVs in various viral infections, such as HIV-1, HTLV, Zika, CMV, EBV, Hepatitis B and C, JCV, and HSV-1. We will also discuss the potential uses of EVs and their cargoes as biomarkers and therapeutic vehicles for viral infections.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/7/700virusHIV-1Zikaexosomeneurodegenerative diseases |
| spellingShingle | Naseer A. Kutchy Eric S. Peeples Susmita Sil Ke Liao Ernest T. Chivero Guoku Hu Shilpa Buch Extracellular Vesicles in Viral Infections of the Nervous System Viruses virus HIV-1 Zika exosome neurodegenerative diseases |
| title | Extracellular Vesicles in Viral Infections of the Nervous System |
| title_full | Extracellular Vesicles in Viral Infections of the Nervous System |
| title_fullStr | Extracellular Vesicles in Viral Infections of the Nervous System |
| title_full_unstemmed | Extracellular Vesicles in Viral Infections of the Nervous System |
| title_short | Extracellular Vesicles in Viral Infections of the Nervous System |
| title_sort | extracellular vesicles in viral infections of the nervous system |
| topic | virus HIV-1 Zika exosome neurodegenerative diseases |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/7/700 |
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