Effect of Bi and Ca on the Solidification Parameters of Sr-Modified Al-S-Cu (Mg) Alloys
The effect of tramp elements, mainly Bi and Ca, on the thermal characteristics of Sr-modified Al–Si–Cu and Al–Si–Cu–Mg alloys has been investigated using thermal analysis, X-ray radiography, and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) techniques. The high affinity of Bi to interact with...
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/19/6903 |
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| author | Shimaa El-Hadad Agnes M. Samuel Fawzy H. Samuel Herbert W. Doty Victor Songmene |
| author_facet | Shimaa El-Hadad Agnes M. Samuel Fawzy H. Samuel Herbert W. Doty Victor Songmene |
| author_sort | Shimaa El-Hadad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The effect of tramp elements, mainly Bi and Ca, on the thermal characteristics of Sr-modified Al–Si–Cu and Al–Si–Cu–Mg alloys has been investigated using thermal analysis, X-ray radiography, and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) techniques. The high affinity of Bi to interact with Sr results in an increase in the Al-Si eutectic temperature, and hence an increase in the size of eutectic silicon particles. In contrast, the Ca–Sr interaction seems to have no significant effect on the alloy thermal behavior. The effect of these interactions on porosity formation has been discussed. Hot zones may be formed in thin cavities, in particular, near the bottom of the mold, leading to formation of unexpected coarse porosity, mostly shrinkage type. The study also highlights the significance of other parameters on porosity formation, such as no melt degassing, SrO, Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (strings or bifilms), as well as the presence of iron-based intermetallics. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:29:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-538ba541ee344d7ca040fb29ae0d5b83 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:29:26Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| spelling | doaj.art-538ba541ee344d7ca040fb29ae0d5b832023-11-23T20:58:42ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-10-011519690310.3390/ma15196903Effect of Bi and Ca on the Solidification Parameters of Sr-Modified Al-S-Cu (Mg) AlloysShimaa El-Hadad0Agnes M. Samuel1Fawzy H. Samuel2Herbert W. Doty3Victor Songmene4Department of Casting Technology, Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute, Cairo 11421, EgyptDept. des Sciences appliquées, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC G7H 2B1, CanadaDept. des Sciences appliquées, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC G7H 2B1, CanadaMaterials Technology, General Motors Global Technology Center, Warren, MI 48093-2350, USAÉcole de Technologie Supérieure, Université du Québec, Montréal, QC H3C 1K3, CanadaThe effect of tramp elements, mainly Bi and Ca, on the thermal characteristics of Sr-modified Al–Si–Cu and Al–Si–Cu–Mg alloys has been investigated using thermal analysis, X-ray radiography, and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) techniques. The high affinity of Bi to interact with Sr results in an increase in the Al-Si eutectic temperature, and hence an increase in the size of eutectic silicon particles. In contrast, the Ca–Sr interaction seems to have no significant effect on the alloy thermal behavior. The effect of these interactions on porosity formation has been discussed. Hot zones may be formed in thin cavities, in particular, near the bottom of the mold, leading to formation of unexpected coarse porosity, mostly shrinkage type. The study also highlights the significance of other parameters on porosity formation, such as no melt degassing, SrO, Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (strings or bifilms), as well as the presence of iron-based intermetallics.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/19/6903tramp elementsthermal analysissolidification rateinterface velocitythermal gradient |
| spellingShingle | Shimaa El-Hadad Agnes M. Samuel Fawzy H. Samuel Herbert W. Doty Victor Songmene Effect of Bi and Ca on the Solidification Parameters of Sr-Modified Al-S-Cu (Mg) Alloys Materials tramp elements thermal analysis solidification rate interface velocity thermal gradient |
| title | Effect of Bi and Ca on the Solidification Parameters of Sr-Modified Al-S-Cu (Mg) Alloys |
| title_full | Effect of Bi and Ca on the Solidification Parameters of Sr-Modified Al-S-Cu (Mg) Alloys |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Bi and Ca on the Solidification Parameters of Sr-Modified Al-S-Cu (Mg) Alloys |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Bi and Ca on the Solidification Parameters of Sr-Modified Al-S-Cu (Mg) Alloys |
| title_short | Effect of Bi and Ca on the Solidification Parameters of Sr-Modified Al-S-Cu (Mg) Alloys |
| title_sort | effect of bi and ca on the solidification parameters of sr modified al s cu mg alloys |
| topic | tramp elements thermal analysis solidification rate interface velocity thermal gradient |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/19/6903 |
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