Prevalence of Obesity and Its Impact on Outcome in Patients With COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Background and ObjectiveObesity has been reported as a risk factor for adverse outcomes in COVID-19. However, available studies presenting data on obesity prevalence in patients with COVID-19 have conflicting results. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the preva...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.598249/full |
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| author | Nafiye Helvaci Nesrin Damla Eyupoglu Erdem Karabulut Bulent Okan Yildiz |
| author_facet | Nafiye Helvaci Nesrin Damla Eyupoglu Erdem Karabulut Bulent Okan Yildiz |
| author_sort | Nafiye Helvaci |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and ObjectiveObesity has been reported as a risk factor for adverse outcomes in COVID-19. However, available studies presenting data on obesity prevalence in patients with COVID-19 have conflicting results. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the prevalence of obesity in these patients and to stratify the estimates by illness severity.MethodsWe performed a literature search with the use of Medline/PubMed and Google Scholar database from December 1, 2019 to June 27, 2020 and systematically reviewed studies reporting the number of obese patients with real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR)-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.ResultsNineteen studies were identified. The pooled obesity prevalence rates were 0.32 (95% CI: 0.24–0.41) in hospitalized patients, 0.41 (95% CI: 0.36–0.45) in patients admitted to intensive care unit, 0.43 (95% CI: 0.36–0.51) in patients needing invasive mechanic ventilation (IMV), and 0.33 (95% CI: 0.26–0.41) in those who died. Obesity was associated with a higher risk for hospitalization [Odds ratio (OR): 1.3, 95% CI: 1.00–1.69; I2 52%, p = 0.05], ICU admission (OR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.16–1.97; I2 72%, p = 0.002), and IMV requirement (OR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.34–2.35; I2 0%, p < 0.001). The increase in risk of death did not reach statistical significance (OR: 1.28, 95% CI: 0.76–2.16, p = 0.35) which might be due to obesity survival paradox and/or unidentified factors.ConclusionsOur data indicate that obese subjects may be at higher risk for serious illness if infected and obesity may play a role in the progression of COVID-19. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T00:31:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-538d9994349246b98f776fc7c861e1d6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2392 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T00:31:23Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj.art-538d9994349246b98f776fc7c861e1d62022-12-21T22:10:17ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922021-02-011210.3389/fendo.2021.598249598249Prevalence of Obesity and Its Impact on Outcome in Patients With COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysisNafiye Helvaci0Nesrin Damla Eyupoglu1Erdem Karabulut2Bulent Okan Yildiz3Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hitit University School of Medicine, Corum, TurkeyDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, TurkeyDepartment of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, TurkeyDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, TurkeyBackground and ObjectiveObesity has been reported as a risk factor for adverse outcomes in COVID-19. However, available studies presenting data on obesity prevalence in patients with COVID-19 have conflicting results. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the prevalence of obesity in these patients and to stratify the estimates by illness severity.MethodsWe performed a literature search with the use of Medline/PubMed and Google Scholar database from December 1, 2019 to June 27, 2020 and systematically reviewed studies reporting the number of obese patients with real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR)-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.ResultsNineteen studies were identified. The pooled obesity prevalence rates were 0.32 (95% CI: 0.24–0.41) in hospitalized patients, 0.41 (95% CI: 0.36–0.45) in patients admitted to intensive care unit, 0.43 (95% CI: 0.36–0.51) in patients needing invasive mechanic ventilation (IMV), and 0.33 (95% CI: 0.26–0.41) in those who died. Obesity was associated with a higher risk for hospitalization [Odds ratio (OR): 1.3, 95% CI: 1.00–1.69; I2 52%, p = 0.05], ICU admission (OR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.16–1.97; I2 72%, p = 0.002), and IMV requirement (OR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.34–2.35; I2 0%, p < 0.001). The increase in risk of death did not reach statistical significance (OR: 1.28, 95% CI: 0.76–2.16, p = 0.35) which might be due to obesity survival paradox and/or unidentified factors.ConclusionsOur data indicate that obese subjects may be at higher risk for serious illness if infected and obesity may play a role in the progression of COVID-19.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.598249/fullobesitybody mass indexCOVID-19SARS-CoV-2prognosis |
| spellingShingle | Nafiye Helvaci Nesrin Damla Eyupoglu Erdem Karabulut Bulent Okan Yildiz Prevalence of Obesity and Its Impact on Outcome in Patients With COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Frontiers in Endocrinology obesity body mass index COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 prognosis |
| title | Prevalence of Obesity and Its Impact on Outcome in Patients With COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_full | Prevalence of Obesity and Its Impact on Outcome in Patients With COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence of Obesity and Its Impact on Outcome in Patients With COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of Obesity and Its Impact on Outcome in Patients With COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_short | Prevalence of Obesity and Its Impact on Outcome in Patients With COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_sort | prevalence of obesity and its impact on outcome in patients with covid 19 a systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | obesity body mass index COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 prognosis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.598249/full |
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