Oleate lipase activity in <it>Gardnerella vaginalis </it>and reconsideration of existing biotype schemes
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Gardnerella vaginalis </it>is a facultative gram positive organism that requires subculture every 1–2 days to maintain viability. It has been linked with bacterial vaginosis (BV), a syndrome that has been associated w...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2009-04-01
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| Series: | BMC Microbiology |
| Online Access: | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2180/9/78 |
| _version_ | 1818060577190182912 |
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| author | Moncla Bernard J Pryke Kara M |
| author_facet | Moncla Bernard J Pryke Kara M |
| author_sort | Moncla Bernard J |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Gardnerella vaginalis </it>is a facultative gram positive organism that requires subculture every 1–2 days to maintain viability. It has been linked with bacterial vaginosis (BV), a syndrome that has been associated with increased risk for preterm delivery, pelvic inflammatory disease and HIV acquisition. About 10% of the <it>G</it>. <it>vaginalis </it>isolates have been reported to produce sialidase, but there have not been any studies relating sialidase production and biotype. Sialidase activity is dramatically increased in the vaginal fluid of women with BV and bacterial sialidases have been shown to increase the infectivity of HIV <it>in vitro</it>. There are 8 different biotypes of <it>G. vaginalis</it>. Biotypes 1–4 produce lipase and were reported to be associated with BV and the association of these biotypes with BV is under dispute. Other studies have demonstrated that <it>G. vaginalis </it>biotype 1 can stimulate HIV-1 production. Because of the discrepancies in the literature we compared the methods used to biotype <it>G. vaginalis </it>and investigated the relationship of biotype and sialidase production.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A new medium for maintenance of <it>Gardnerella vaginalis </it>which allows survival for longer than one week is described. Some isolates only grew well under anaerobic conditions. Sialidase producing isolates were observed in 5 of the 6 biotypes tested. Using 4-methylumbelliferyl-oleate to determine lipase activity, instead of egg yolk agar, resulted in erroneous biotypes and does not provide reliable results.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Previous studies associating <it>G. vaginalis </it>biotype with bacterial vaginosis were methodologically flawed, suggesting there is not an association of <it>G. vaginalis </it>biotypes and bacterial vaginosis. Sialidase activity was observed in 5 of the 8 biotypes.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T13:34:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5398eb8781f845029e50d1b92290b043 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2180 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T13:34:38Z |
| publishDate | 2009-04-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-5398eb8781f845029e50d1b92290b0432022-12-22T01:46:51ZengBMCBMC Microbiology1471-21802009-04-01917810.1186/1471-2180-9-78Oleate lipase activity in <it>Gardnerella vaginalis </it>and reconsideration of existing biotype schemesMoncla Bernard JPryke Kara M<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Gardnerella vaginalis </it>is a facultative gram positive organism that requires subculture every 1–2 days to maintain viability. It has been linked with bacterial vaginosis (BV), a syndrome that has been associated with increased risk for preterm delivery, pelvic inflammatory disease and HIV acquisition. About 10% of the <it>G</it>. <it>vaginalis </it>isolates have been reported to produce sialidase, but there have not been any studies relating sialidase production and biotype. Sialidase activity is dramatically increased in the vaginal fluid of women with BV and bacterial sialidases have been shown to increase the infectivity of HIV <it>in vitro</it>. There are 8 different biotypes of <it>G. vaginalis</it>. Biotypes 1–4 produce lipase and were reported to be associated with BV and the association of these biotypes with BV is under dispute. Other studies have demonstrated that <it>G. vaginalis </it>biotype 1 can stimulate HIV-1 production. Because of the discrepancies in the literature we compared the methods used to biotype <it>G. vaginalis </it>and investigated the relationship of biotype and sialidase production.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A new medium for maintenance of <it>Gardnerella vaginalis </it>which allows survival for longer than one week is described. Some isolates only grew well under anaerobic conditions. Sialidase producing isolates were observed in 5 of the 6 biotypes tested. Using 4-methylumbelliferyl-oleate to determine lipase activity, instead of egg yolk agar, resulted in erroneous biotypes and does not provide reliable results.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Previous studies associating <it>G. vaginalis </it>biotype with bacterial vaginosis were methodologically flawed, suggesting there is not an association of <it>G. vaginalis </it>biotypes and bacterial vaginosis. Sialidase activity was observed in 5 of the 8 biotypes.</p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2180/9/78 |
| spellingShingle | Moncla Bernard J Pryke Kara M Oleate lipase activity in <it>Gardnerella vaginalis </it>and reconsideration of existing biotype schemes BMC Microbiology |
| title | Oleate lipase activity in <it>Gardnerella vaginalis </it>and reconsideration of existing biotype schemes |
| title_full | Oleate lipase activity in <it>Gardnerella vaginalis </it>and reconsideration of existing biotype schemes |
| title_fullStr | Oleate lipase activity in <it>Gardnerella vaginalis </it>and reconsideration of existing biotype schemes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Oleate lipase activity in <it>Gardnerella vaginalis </it>and reconsideration of existing biotype schemes |
| title_short | Oleate lipase activity in <it>Gardnerella vaginalis </it>and reconsideration of existing biotype schemes |
| title_sort | oleate lipase activity in it gardnerella vaginalis it and reconsideration of existing biotype schemes |
| url | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2180/9/78 |
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