Experimental Investigation and Constitutive Modeling of the Uncured Rubber Compound Based on the DMA Strain Scanning Method
Existing research tends to focus on the performance of cured rubber. This is due to a lack of suitable testing methods for the mechanical properties of uncured rubber, in particular, tensile properties. Without crosslinking by sulfur, the tensile strength of uncured rubber compounds is too low to be...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/12/11/2700 |
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| author | Yong Li Xunhua Sun Shoudong Zhang Yanan Miao Shanling Han |
| author_facet | Yong Li Xunhua Sun Shoudong Zhang Yanan Miao Shanling Han |
| author_sort | Yong Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Existing research tends to focus on the performance of cured rubber. This is due to a lack of suitable testing methods for the mechanical properties of uncured rubber, in particular, tensile properties. Without crosslinking by sulfur, the tensile strength of uncured rubber compounds is too low to be accurately tested by general tensile testing machines. Firstly, a new tensile stress testing method for uncured rubber was established by using dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMA) tensile strain scanning. The strain amplitude was increased under a set frequency and constant temperature. The corresponding dynamic force needed to maintain the amplitude was then measured to obtain the dynamic force-amplitude curve observed at this temperature and frequency. Secondly, the Burgers model is usually difficult to calculate and analyze in differential form, so it was reduced to its arithmetic form under creep conditions and material relaxation. Tensile deformation at a constant strain rate was proposed, so the Burgers model could be modified to a more concise form without any strain terms, making mathematical processing and simulating much more convenient. Thirdly, the rate of the modified Burgers model under constant strain was in good agreement with the test data, demonstrating that the elastic stiffness was 1–2 orders of magnitude less than the tensile viscosity. In the end, it was concluded that large data dispersion caused by the universal tensile test can be overcome by choosing this model, and it may become an effective way to study the tensile modeling of uncured rubber compound. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:48:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-539993f1f19141d199a3a00c802a16b8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:48:45Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-539993f1f19141d199a3a00c802a16b82023-11-20T21:07:37ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602020-11-011211270010.3390/polym12112700Experimental Investigation and Constitutive Modeling of the Uncured Rubber Compound Based on the DMA Strain Scanning MethodYong Li0Xunhua Sun1Shoudong Zhang2Yanan Miao3Shanling Han4College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaCollege of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaCollege of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaCollege of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaCollege of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaExisting research tends to focus on the performance of cured rubber. This is due to a lack of suitable testing methods for the mechanical properties of uncured rubber, in particular, tensile properties. Without crosslinking by sulfur, the tensile strength of uncured rubber compounds is too low to be accurately tested by general tensile testing machines. Firstly, a new tensile stress testing method for uncured rubber was established by using dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMA) tensile strain scanning. The strain amplitude was increased under a set frequency and constant temperature. The corresponding dynamic force needed to maintain the amplitude was then measured to obtain the dynamic force-amplitude curve observed at this temperature and frequency. Secondly, the Burgers model is usually difficult to calculate and analyze in differential form, so it was reduced to its arithmetic form under creep conditions and material relaxation. Tensile deformation at a constant strain rate was proposed, so the Burgers model could be modified to a more concise form without any strain terms, making mathematical processing and simulating much more convenient. Thirdly, the rate of the modified Burgers model under constant strain was in good agreement with the test data, demonstrating that the elastic stiffness was 1–2 orders of magnitude less than the tensile viscosity. In the end, it was concluded that large data dispersion caused by the universal tensile test can be overcome by choosing this model, and it may become an effective way to study the tensile modeling of uncured rubber compound.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/12/11/2700uncured rubber compounddynamic thermomechanical analysis tensile strain scanningmodified Burgers modelconstant strain rateviscoelastic |
| spellingShingle | Yong Li Xunhua Sun Shoudong Zhang Yanan Miao Shanling Han Experimental Investigation and Constitutive Modeling of the Uncured Rubber Compound Based on the DMA Strain Scanning Method Polymers uncured rubber compound dynamic thermomechanical analysis tensile strain scanning modified Burgers model constant strain rate viscoelastic |
| title | Experimental Investigation and Constitutive Modeling of the Uncured Rubber Compound Based on the DMA Strain Scanning Method |
| title_full | Experimental Investigation and Constitutive Modeling of the Uncured Rubber Compound Based on the DMA Strain Scanning Method |
| title_fullStr | Experimental Investigation and Constitutive Modeling of the Uncured Rubber Compound Based on the DMA Strain Scanning Method |
| title_full_unstemmed | Experimental Investigation and Constitutive Modeling of the Uncured Rubber Compound Based on the DMA Strain Scanning Method |
| title_short | Experimental Investigation and Constitutive Modeling of the Uncured Rubber Compound Based on the DMA Strain Scanning Method |
| title_sort | experimental investigation and constitutive modeling of the uncured rubber compound based on the dma strain scanning method |
| topic | uncured rubber compound dynamic thermomechanical analysis tensile strain scanning modified Burgers model constant strain rate viscoelastic |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/12/11/2700 |
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