Infectious vaginitis among women seeking reproductive health services at a sexual and reproductive health facility in Kampala, Uganda
Abstract Background Infectious vaginitis is one of the most prevalent conditions affecting women of reproductive age with significant clinical consequences. Bacterial vaginosis (BV), vulvo-vaginal candidiasis (VVC), and trichomoniasis (TV) are the main etiologies. Unfortunately, there is limited dat...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2023-12-01
|
| Series: | BMC Women's Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-023-02835-w |
| _version_ | 1797376833590657024 |
|---|---|
| author | Huzaima Mujuzi Aggrey Siya Rogers Wambi |
| author_facet | Huzaima Mujuzi Aggrey Siya Rogers Wambi |
| author_sort | Huzaima Mujuzi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Infectious vaginitis is one of the most prevalent conditions affecting women of reproductive age with significant clinical consequences. Bacterial vaginosis (BV), vulvo-vaginal candidiasis (VVC), and trichomoniasis (TV) are the main etiologies. Unfortunately, there is limited data on the prevalence and associated risk factors, especially in sub-saharan Africa. This study, thus, determined the prevalence and risk factors of infectious vaginitis among women seeking reproductive health services at a Marie-stopes health facility in urban areas of Kampala, Uganda. Methods A cross-sectional study with 361 participants was conducted from July to October 2021. Data on risk factors and infection were collected via a structured questionnaire and laboratory analysis of vaginal swabs, respectively, with data analysis performed using Stata version 14.0 college station, Texas 77,845 US. Results The ages of participants ranged from 18 to 49 years, with a mean age of 29.53 years. Overall, 58.45% were infected, of whom 33.24% had VVC, 24.93% had BV, and 0.28% had TV. Bivariate analysis revealed that women with pruritus (COR: 3.057, 95% CI: 1.940–4.819), pregnancy (COR: 4.914, 95% CI: 1.248–19.36), antibiotic use (COR: 1.592, 95% CI: 1.016–2.494), douching (COR: 1.719, 95% CI: 1.079–2.740), and multiple partners (COR: 1.844, 95% CI: 1.079–2.904) were more likely to have VVC, whereas having higher education status (University; Vocational) (COR: 0.325, 95% CI: 0.134–0.890; COR: 0.345, 95% CI: 0.116–0.905) reduced the risk. On the other hand, women with a smelly discharge (COR: 1.796, 95% CI: 1.036–3.110), IUD use (COR: 1.868, 95% CI: 1.039–3.358), and antibiotic use (COR: 1.731, 95% CI: 1.066–2.811) were more likely to have BV. Multivariable analysis identified pruritus (AOR: 2.861, 95% CI: 1.684–4.863) as the only independent predictor for VVC. Conclusion Results indicate a high prevalence of infection among these women; therefore regular screening and treatment is recommended to curb the high rate of infection. More studies on risk factors of infection are recommended. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T19:44:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-53de77c72815426089adefb9c363f973 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1472-6874 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T19:44:19Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Women's Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-53de77c72815426089adefb9c363f9732023-12-24T12:28:03ZengBMCBMC Women's Health1472-68742023-12-0123111010.1186/s12905-023-02835-wInfectious vaginitis among women seeking reproductive health services at a sexual and reproductive health facility in Kampala, UgandaHuzaima Mujuzi0Aggrey Siya1Rogers Wambi2Department of Microbiology, UMC Victoria HospitalDepartment of Zoology, Entomology and Fisheries Sciences, Makerere UniversityDepartment of Clinical Laboratories, Mulago National Referral HospitalAbstract Background Infectious vaginitis is one of the most prevalent conditions affecting women of reproductive age with significant clinical consequences. Bacterial vaginosis (BV), vulvo-vaginal candidiasis (VVC), and trichomoniasis (TV) are the main etiologies. Unfortunately, there is limited data on the prevalence and associated risk factors, especially in sub-saharan Africa. This study, thus, determined the prevalence and risk factors of infectious vaginitis among women seeking reproductive health services at a Marie-stopes health facility in urban areas of Kampala, Uganda. Methods A cross-sectional study with 361 participants was conducted from July to October 2021. Data on risk factors and infection were collected via a structured questionnaire and laboratory analysis of vaginal swabs, respectively, with data analysis performed using Stata version 14.0 college station, Texas 77,845 US. Results The ages of participants ranged from 18 to 49 years, with a mean age of 29.53 years. Overall, 58.45% were infected, of whom 33.24% had VVC, 24.93% had BV, and 0.28% had TV. Bivariate analysis revealed that women with pruritus (COR: 3.057, 95% CI: 1.940–4.819), pregnancy (COR: 4.914, 95% CI: 1.248–19.36), antibiotic use (COR: 1.592, 95% CI: 1.016–2.494), douching (COR: 1.719, 95% CI: 1.079–2.740), and multiple partners (COR: 1.844, 95% CI: 1.079–2.904) were more likely to have VVC, whereas having higher education status (University; Vocational) (COR: 0.325, 95% CI: 0.134–0.890; COR: 0.345, 95% CI: 0.116–0.905) reduced the risk. On the other hand, women with a smelly discharge (COR: 1.796, 95% CI: 1.036–3.110), IUD use (COR: 1.868, 95% CI: 1.039–3.358), and antibiotic use (COR: 1.731, 95% CI: 1.066–2.811) were more likely to have BV. Multivariable analysis identified pruritus (AOR: 2.861, 95% CI: 1.684–4.863) as the only independent predictor for VVC. Conclusion Results indicate a high prevalence of infection among these women; therefore regular screening and treatment is recommended to curb the high rate of infection. More studies on risk factors of infection are recommended.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-023-02835-wVulvo-vaginal candidiasisBacterial vaginosisTrichomoniasisPruritusKampalaUganda |
| spellingShingle | Huzaima Mujuzi Aggrey Siya Rogers Wambi Infectious vaginitis among women seeking reproductive health services at a sexual and reproductive health facility in Kampala, Uganda BMC Women's Health Vulvo-vaginal candidiasis Bacterial vaginosis Trichomoniasis Pruritus Kampala Uganda |
| title | Infectious vaginitis among women seeking reproductive health services at a sexual and reproductive health facility in Kampala, Uganda |
| title_full | Infectious vaginitis among women seeking reproductive health services at a sexual and reproductive health facility in Kampala, Uganda |
| title_fullStr | Infectious vaginitis among women seeking reproductive health services at a sexual and reproductive health facility in Kampala, Uganda |
| title_full_unstemmed | Infectious vaginitis among women seeking reproductive health services at a sexual and reproductive health facility in Kampala, Uganda |
| title_short | Infectious vaginitis among women seeking reproductive health services at a sexual and reproductive health facility in Kampala, Uganda |
| title_sort | infectious vaginitis among women seeking reproductive health services at a sexual and reproductive health facility in kampala uganda |
| topic | Vulvo-vaginal candidiasis Bacterial vaginosis Trichomoniasis Pruritus Kampala Uganda |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-023-02835-w |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT huzaimamujuzi infectiousvaginitisamongwomenseekingreproductivehealthservicesatasexualandreproductivehealthfacilityinkampalauganda AT aggreysiya infectiousvaginitisamongwomenseekingreproductivehealthservicesatasexualandreproductivehealthfacilityinkampalauganda AT rogerswambi infectiousvaginitisamongwomenseekingreproductivehealthservicesatasexualandreproductivehealthfacilityinkampalauganda |