The age and sources of stream water in a boreal forest watershed in the permafrost region: a case study of a watershed in northeast China
Determining the age and sources of stream water is critical for understanding the watershed hydrological processes and biogeochemical cycle. In this study, daily isotope data of rainfall and runoff, as well as continuously monitored conductivity data from June to October in 2019 in-Laoyeling(LYL) wa...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Earth Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2023.1225291/full |
| _version_ | 1797375105529020416 |
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| author | Xiang Xiao Xiang Xiao Xiang Xiao Tijiu Cai Tijiu Cai Liangliang Duan Liangliang Duan |
| author_facet | Xiang Xiao Xiang Xiao Xiang Xiao Tijiu Cai Tijiu Cai Liangliang Duan Liangliang Duan |
| author_sort | Xiang Xiao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Determining the age and sources of stream water is critical for understanding the watershed hydrological processes and biogeochemical cycle. In this study, daily isotope data of rainfall and runoff, as well as continuously monitored conductivity data from June to October in 2019 in-Laoyeling(LYL) watershed located in permafrost region of northeastern China were used to separate streamflow components through the application of two independent methods: isotope-based hydrograph separations (IHS) and the conductivity mass balance (CMB) methods. The results showed that stream water in a boreal forest watershed with permafrost of the Daxing’an Mountains is mainly composed of pre-event water. Although the IHS method is more sensitive and provides more details than the CMB method, the results of both methods show a similar trend. The average value of the young water fractions (Fyw) for those aged less than 65 days is 5.6%, while the mean transit time (MTT) was calculated to be 3.33 years. These findings enhance our understanding of the fundamental characteristics of runoff generation mechanisms and changes in runoff components in permafrost regions. Such knowledge is crucial for effective regional water resource management under the context of climate change, such as construction of water conservancy facilities and prediction of flood and drought disasters. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T19:17:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-53fa45b4c58b4a2bad614fc41580c80e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-6463 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T19:17:24Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Earth Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-53fa45b4c58b4a2bad614fc41580c80e2023-12-27T04:12:48ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Earth Science2296-64632023-12-011110.3389/feart.2023.12252911225291The age and sources of stream water in a boreal forest watershed in the permafrost region: a case study of a watershed in northeast ChinaXiang Xiao0Xiang Xiao1Xiang Xiao2Tijiu Cai3Tijiu Cai4Liangliang Duan5Liangliang Duan6School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, ChinaKey Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management‐Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, ChinaMudanjiang Normal College, Mudanjiang, ChinaSchool of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, ChinaKey Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management‐Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, ChinaSchool of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, ChinaKey Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management‐Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, ChinaDetermining the age and sources of stream water is critical for understanding the watershed hydrological processes and biogeochemical cycle. In this study, daily isotope data of rainfall and runoff, as well as continuously monitored conductivity data from June to October in 2019 in-Laoyeling(LYL) watershed located in permafrost region of northeastern China were used to separate streamflow components through the application of two independent methods: isotope-based hydrograph separations (IHS) and the conductivity mass balance (CMB) methods. The results showed that stream water in a boreal forest watershed with permafrost of the Daxing’an Mountains is mainly composed of pre-event water. Although the IHS method is more sensitive and provides more details than the CMB method, the results of both methods show a similar trend. The average value of the young water fractions (Fyw) for those aged less than 65 days is 5.6%, while the mean transit time (MTT) was calculated to be 3.33 years. These findings enhance our understanding of the fundamental characteristics of runoff generation mechanisms and changes in runoff components in permafrost regions. Such knowledge is crucial for effective regional water resource management under the context of climate change, such as construction of water conservancy facilities and prediction of flood and drought disasters.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2023.1225291/fullwater agestreamflow componentpermafrost regionisotopemean transit time |
| spellingShingle | Xiang Xiao Xiang Xiao Xiang Xiao Tijiu Cai Tijiu Cai Liangliang Duan Liangliang Duan The age and sources of stream water in a boreal forest watershed in the permafrost region: a case study of a watershed in northeast China Frontiers in Earth Science water age streamflow component permafrost region isotope mean transit time |
| title | The age and sources of stream water in a boreal forest watershed in the permafrost region: a case study of a watershed in northeast China |
| title_full | The age and sources of stream water in a boreal forest watershed in the permafrost region: a case study of a watershed in northeast China |
| title_fullStr | The age and sources of stream water in a boreal forest watershed in the permafrost region: a case study of a watershed in northeast China |
| title_full_unstemmed | The age and sources of stream water in a boreal forest watershed in the permafrost region: a case study of a watershed in northeast China |
| title_short | The age and sources of stream water in a boreal forest watershed in the permafrost region: a case study of a watershed in northeast China |
| title_sort | age and sources of stream water in a boreal forest watershed in the permafrost region a case study of a watershed in northeast china |
| topic | water age streamflow component permafrost region isotope mean transit time |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2023.1225291/full |
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