Plastid Phylogenomics of <i>Paeonia</i> and the Evolution of Ten Flower Types in Tree Peony
<i>Paeonia suffruticosa</i> Andr., a member of Paeoniaceae, is native to China. In its 1600 years’ cultivation, more than 2000 cultivars for different purposes (ornamental, medicinal and oil use) have been inbred. However, there are still some controversies regarding the provenance of tr...
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| author | Wen Li Xin-Cheng Huang Yi-Lei Wang Rui-Ju Zhang Dong-Yan Shi Teng-Fei Li Guang-Can Zhou Jia-Yu Xue |
| author_facet | Wen Li Xin-Cheng Huang Yi-Lei Wang Rui-Ju Zhang Dong-Yan Shi Teng-Fei Li Guang-Can Zhou Jia-Yu Xue |
| author_sort | Wen Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Paeonia suffruticosa</i> Andr., a member of Paeoniaceae, is native to China. In its 1600 years’ cultivation, more than 2000 cultivars for different purposes (ornamental, medicinal and oil use) have been inbred. However, there are still some controversies regarding the provenance of tree peony cultivars and the phylogenetic relationships between and within different cultivar groups. In this study, plastid genome sequencing was performed on 10 representative tree peony cultivars corresponding to 10 different flower types. Structure and comparative analyses of the plastid genomes showed that the total lengths of the chloroplast genome of the 10 cultivars ranged from 152,153 to 152,385 bp and encoded 84–88 protein-coding genes, 8 rRNAs and 31–40 tRNAs. The number of simple sequence repeats and interspersed repeat sequences of the 10 cultivars ranged from 65–68 and 40–42, respectively. Plastid phylogenetic relationships of <i>Paeonia</i> species/cultivars were reconstructed incorporating data from our newly sequenced plastid genomes and 15 published species, and results showed that subsect. <i>Vaginatae</i> was the closest relative to the central plains cultivar group with robust support, and that it may be involved in the formation of the group. <i>Paeonia ostii</i> was recovered as a successive sister group to this lineage. Additionally, eleven morphological characteristics of flowers were mapped to the phylogenetic skeleton to reconstruct the evolutionary trajectory of flower architecture in Paeoniaceae. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:30:19Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-53fb05d22f344a4e86e002a6f46a7f812023-11-24T15:03:11ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252022-11-011312222910.3390/genes13122229Plastid Phylogenomics of <i>Paeonia</i> and the Evolution of Ten Flower Types in Tree PeonyWen Li0Xin-Cheng Huang1Yi-Lei Wang2Rui-Ju Zhang3Dong-Yan Shi4Teng-Fei Li5Guang-Can Zhou6Jia-Yu Xue7College of Agricultural and Biological Engineering (College of Tree Peony), Heze University, Heze 274015, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaCollege of Agricultural and Biological Engineering (College of Tree Peony), Heze University, Heze 274015, ChinaCollege of Agricultural and Biological Engineering (College of Tree Peony), Heze University, Heze 274015, ChinaCollege of Agricultural and Biological Engineering (College of Tree Peony), Heze University, Heze 274015, ChinaCollege of Agricultural and Biological Engineering (College of Tree Peony), Heze University, Heze 274015, ChinaCollege of Agricultural and Biological Engineering (College of Tree Peony), Heze University, Heze 274015, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China<i>Paeonia suffruticosa</i> Andr., a member of Paeoniaceae, is native to China. In its 1600 years’ cultivation, more than 2000 cultivars for different purposes (ornamental, medicinal and oil use) have been inbred. However, there are still some controversies regarding the provenance of tree peony cultivars and the phylogenetic relationships between and within different cultivar groups. In this study, plastid genome sequencing was performed on 10 representative tree peony cultivars corresponding to 10 different flower types. Structure and comparative analyses of the plastid genomes showed that the total lengths of the chloroplast genome of the 10 cultivars ranged from 152,153 to 152,385 bp and encoded 84–88 protein-coding genes, 8 rRNAs and 31–40 tRNAs. The number of simple sequence repeats and interspersed repeat sequences of the 10 cultivars ranged from 65–68 and 40–42, respectively. Plastid phylogenetic relationships of <i>Paeonia</i> species/cultivars were reconstructed incorporating data from our newly sequenced plastid genomes and 15 published species, and results showed that subsect. <i>Vaginatae</i> was the closest relative to the central plains cultivar group with robust support, and that it may be involved in the formation of the group. <i>Paeonia ostii</i> was recovered as a successive sister group to this lineage. Additionally, eleven morphological characteristics of flowers were mapped to the phylogenetic skeleton to reconstruct the evolutionary trajectory of flower architecture in Paeoniaceae.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/13/12/2229paeoniaceaetree peonychloroplast genomecodon biasphylogenomicsflower evolution |
| spellingShingle | Wen Li Xin-Cheng Huang Yi-Lei Wang Rui-Ju Zhang Dong-Yan Shi Teng-Fei Li Guang-Can Zhou Jia-Yu Xue Plastid Phylogenomics of <i>Paeonia</i> and the Evolution of Ten Flower Types in Tree Peony Genes paeoniaceae tree peony chloroplast genome codon bias phylogenomics flower evolution |
| title | Plastid Phylogenomics of <i>Paeonia</i> and the Evolution of Ten Flower Types in Tree Peony |
| title_full | Plastid Phylogenomics of <i>Paeonia</i> and the Evolution of Ten Flower Types in Tree Peony |
| title_fullStr | Plastid Phylogenomics of <i>Paeonia</i> and the Evolution of Ten Flower Types in Tree Peony |
| title_full_unstemmed | Plastid Phylogenomics of <i>Paeonia</i> and the Evolution of Ten Flower Types in Tree Peony |
| title_short | Plastid Phylogenomics of <i>Paeonia</i> and the Evolution of Ten Flower Types in Tree Peony |
| title_sort | plastid phylogenomics of i paeonia i and the evolution of ten flower types in tree peony |
| topic | paeoniaceae tree peony chloroplast genome codon bias phylogenomics flower evolution |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/13/12/2229 |
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